Fragmentation of Production, Comparative Advantage, and the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory

References

• Antràs, P., and D. Chor. 2013. ‘Organizing the Global Value Chain.’ Econometrica 81 (6): 2127–2204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arndt, S. W. 1997. ‘Globalization and the Open Economy.’ The North American Journal of Economics and Finance 8 (1): 71–79.
   Google Scholar
• Arndt, S. W. 1998. ‘Globalization and the Gains from Trade.’ In Trade, Growth, and Economic Policy in Open Economies, edited by K.-J. Koch, and J. Klaus. Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R. 2013. ‘Trade and Industrialization After Globalization’s Second Unbundling: How Building and Joining a Supply Chain Are Different and Why It Matters.’ In Globalization in an Age of Crisis: Multilateral Economic Cooperation in the Twenty-First Century, edited by R. C. Feenstra, and A. M. Taylor. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R., and F. Robert-Nicoud. 2014. ‘Trade-in-Goods and Trade-in-Tasks: An Integrating Framework.’ Journal of International Economics 92 (1): 51–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldwin, R., and A. J. Venables. 2013. ‘Spiders and Snakes: Offshoring and Agglomeration in the Global Economy.’ Journal of International Economics 90 (2): 245–254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batra, R. N., and F. R. Casas. 1973. ‘Intermediate Products and the Pure Theory of International Trade: A Neo-Hecksher-Ohlin Framework.’ The American Economic Review 63 (3): 297–311.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhagwati, J., A. Panagariya, and T. N. Srinivasan. 2004. ‘The Muddles Over Outsourcing.’ Journal of Economic Perspectives 18 (4): 93–114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crespo, E., A. Dvoskin, and G. Ianni. 2021. ‘Exclusion in “Ricardian” Trade Models.’ Review of Political Economy 33 (2): 194–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deardorff, A. V. 1979. ‘Weak Links in the Chain of Comparative Advantage.’ Journal of International Economics 9 (2): 197–209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deardorff, A. V. 2001. ‘Fragmentation in Simple Trade Models.’ The North American Journal of Economics and Finance 12 (2): 121–137.
   Google Scholar
• Dixit, A., and V. Norman. 1980. Theory of International Trade. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dornbusch, R., S. Fischer, and P. A. Samuelson. 1980. ‘Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory with a Continuum of Goods.’ The Quarterly Journal of Economics 95 (2): 203–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feenstra, R. C. 1998. ‘Integration of Trade and Disintegration of Production in the Global Economy.’ Journal of Economic Perspectives 12 (4): 31–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feenstra, R. C. 2004. International Economics. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Findlay, R. 2008. ‘Comparative Advantage.’ In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Gandolfo, G. 2014. International Trade Theory and Policy. 2nd ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Garegnani, P. 1990. ‘Quantity of Capital.’ In The New Palgrave: Capital Theory, edited by J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, and P. Newman. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, G. M., and E. Rossi-Hansberg. 2008. ‘Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Offshoring.’ American Economic Review 98 (5): 1978–1997.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, C., and L. E. O. Svensson. 1983. ‘Should Direct or Total Factor Intensities be Used in Tests of the Factor Proportions Hypothesis?’ Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 119 (3): 453–463.
   Google Scholar
• Hummels, D., J. Ishii, and K. M. Yi. 2001. ‘The Nature and Growth of Vertical Specialization in World Trade.’ Journal of International Economics 54 (1): 75–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. W., and H. Kierzkowski. 2001. ‘A Framework for Fragmentation.’ In Fragmentation, edited by S. W. Arndt, and H. Kierzkowski. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kohler, W. 2004. ‘Aspects of International Fragmentation.’ Review of International Economics 12 (5): 793–816.
   Google Scholar
• Krugman, P. 1996. Pop Internationalism. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leamer, E. 1995. The Heckscher-Ohlin Model in Theory and Practice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Studies in International Finance, 77.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, J. Y., and H.-J. Chang. 2009. ‘Should Industrial Policy in Developing Countries Conform to Comparative Advantage or Defy it? A Debate Between Justin Lin and Ha-Joon Chang.’ Development Policy Review 27 (5): 483–502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metcalfe, J. S., and I. Steedman. 1979a. ‘Heterogeneous Capital and the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson Theory of Trade.’ In Fundamental Issues in Trade Theory, edited by I. Steedman. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Metcalfe, J. S., and I. Steedman. 1979b. ‘Reswitching and Primary Input Use.’ In Fundamental Issues in Trade Theory, edited by I. Steedman. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Milberg, W., and D. Winkler. 2013. Outsourcing Economics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ohlin, B. 1967. Interregional and International Trade. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Petri, F. 2004. General Equilibrium, Capital and Macroeconomics: A Key to Recent Controversies in Equilibrium Theory. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Petri, F. 2021. Microeconomics for the Critical Mind. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Riedel, J. 1976. ‘Intermediate Products and the Theory of International Trade: A Generalization of the Pure Intermediate Good Case.’ The American Economic Review 66 (3): 441–447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samuelson, P. A. 2004. ‘Where Ricardo and Mill Rebut and Confirm Arguments of Mainstream Economists Supporting Globalization.’ Journal of Economic Perspectives 18 (3): 135–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaikh, A. 2007. ‘Globalization and the Myth of Free Trade.’ In Globalization and the Myths of Free Trade, edited by A. Shaikh. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Sraffa, P. 1960. Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
   Google Scholar
• Steedman, I., and J. S. Metcalfe. 1979. ‘Reswitching, Primary Inputs and the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson Theory of Trade.’ In Fundamental Issues in Trade Theory, edited by I. Steedman. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Subasat, T. 2003. ‘What Does the Heckscher-Ohlin Model Contribute to International Trade Theory? A Critical Assessment.’ Review of Radical Political Economics 35 (2): 148–165.
   Google Scholar
• Vanek, J. 1963. ‘Variable Factor Proportions and Inter-Industry Flows in the Theory of International Trade.’ The Quarterly Journal of Economics 77 (1): 129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venables, A. J. 1999. ‘Fragmentation and Multinational Production.’ European Economic Review 43: 935–945.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, A. 1994a. ‘Give Heckscher and Ohlin a Chance!.’ Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv 130 (1): 20–49.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, A. 1994b. North-South Trade, Employment, and Inequality. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, A. 1995. ‘How Trade Hurt Unskilled Workers.’ Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 (3): 57–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, A. 2018. ‘The 1990s Trade and Wages Debate in Retrospect.’ The World Economy 41 (4): 975–999.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar