Immunomodulatory vitamin D effects on regulatory T-cells and cytokines in an in vitro study on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

References

• Almerighi, C., Sinistro, A., Cavazza, A., Ciaprini, C., Rocchi, G., & Bergamini, A. (2009). 1Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits CD40L-induced pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity in human monocytes. Cytokine, 45(3), 190–197. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.12.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarado-Sánchez, B., Hernández-Castro, B., Portales-Pérez, D., Baranda, L., Layseca-Espinosa, E., & Abud-Mendoza, C. (2006). Regulatory T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of Autoimmunity, 27(2), 110–118. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2006.06.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, W., Jin, W., Hardegen, N., Lei, K. J., Li, L., Marinos, N., … Wahl, S. M. (2003). Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25− naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-β induction of transcription factor Foxp3. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 198, 1875–1886. doi: 10.1084/jem.20030152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Das, R., Komorowski, R., Beres, A., Hessner, M. J., Mihara, M., & Drobyski, W. R. (2009). Blockade of interleukin-6 signaling augments regulatory T-cell reconstitution and attenuates the severity of graft-versus-host disease. Blood, 114, 891–900. doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-01-197178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chun, R. F., Liu, P. T., Modlin, R. L., Adams, J. S., & Hewison, M. (2014). Impact of vitamin D on immune function: Lessons learned from genome-wide analysis. Frontiers in Physiology, 5, 1–15. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00151
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Correale, J., Ysrraelit, M. C., & Gaitán, M. I. (2009). Immunomodulatory effects of Vitamin D in multiple sclerosis. Brain, 132(5), 1146–1160. doi: 10.1093/brain/awp033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, L. S., Hutcheson, J., & Mohan, C. (2011). The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research, 31(10), 781–789. doi: 10.1089/jir.2011.0047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding-Lei, S., Zhi-Min, L., Min-Ning, S., Xia, L., & Ling-Yun, S. (2012). Roles of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of SLE. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012 , 1–15.
   Google Scholar
• Esposito, P., Balletta, M. M., Procino, A., Postiglione, L., & Memoli, B. (2009). Interleukin-6 release from peripheral mononuclear cells is associated to disease activity and treatment response in patients with lupus nephritis. Lupus, 18(14), 1329–1330. doi: 10.1177/0961203309106183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontenot, J. D., Gavin, M. A., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2003). Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Nature Immunology, 4(4), 330–336. doi: 10.1038/ni904
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hori, S., Nomura, T., & Sakaguchi, S. (2007). Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3. Science, 299(5609), 1057–1061. doi: 10.1126/science.1079490
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, S., Schramm, C., Lehr, H. A., Mann, A., Schmitt, S., Becker, C., … Blessing, M. (2004). Cutting edge: TGF-β signalling is required for the in vivo expansion and immunosuppressive capacity of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells. Journal of Immunology, 173, 6526–6531. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.11.6526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeffery, L. E., Burke, F., Mura, M., Zheng, Y., Qureshi, O. S., Hewison, M., & Walker, L. S. (2009). 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IL-2 combine to inhibit T cell production of inflammatory cytokines and promote development of regulatory T cells expressing CTLA-4 and Foxp3. Journal of Immunology, 183(9), 5458–5467. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josefowicz, S. Z., Lu, L. F., & Rudensky, A. Y. (2012). Regulatory T cells: Mechanisms of differentiation and function. Annual Review of Immunology, 30, 531–564. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, I., Kim, S. H., Lee, W. W., Kang, S. W., & Lee, J. S. (2010). 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D3 enhances the activity of the Foxp3 gene in human CD4+ T cells through directly binding to putative VDRE sites in the Foxp3 gene. Journal of Immunology, 1(2), 84–89.
   Google Scholar
• Kang, S. W., Kim, S. H., Lee, N., Lee, W. W., Hwang, K. A., & Shin, M. S. (2012). 1,25-Dihyroxyvitamin D3 promotes Foxp3 expression via binding to vitamin D response elements in its conserved non-coding sequence region. Journal of Immunology, 188(11), 5276–5282. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101211
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khattri, R., Cox, T., Yasayko, S. A., & Ramsdell, F. (2003). An essential role for Scurfin in CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. Nature Immunology, 4(4), 337–342. doi: 10.1038/ni909
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretschmer, K., Apostolou, I., Hawiger, D., Khazaie, K., Nussenzweig, M. C., & von Boehmer, H. (2005). Inducing and expanding regulatory T cell populations by foreign antigen. Nature Immunology, 6(12), 1219–1227. doi: 10.1038/ni1265
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, N. E. (2010). Vitamin D and systemic lupus erythematosus: Bones, muscles, and joints. Current Rheumatology Reports, 12(4), 259–263. doi: 10.1007/s11926-010-0106-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lavi Arab, F., Rastin, M., Faraji, F., Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe, S., Tabasi, N., Khazaee, M., … Mahmoudi, M. (2014). Assessment of 1,25-D3 effects on Treg cells and their related molecules in active chromatin lupus induced Balb/c mice. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology. Advance online publication. doi:10.3109/08923973.2014.968255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, J. H., Wang, L. C., Lin, Y. T., Yang, Y. H., Lin, D. T., & Chiang, B. L. (2006). Inverse correlation between CD4+ regulatory T-cell population and autoantibody levels in paediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology, 117(2), 280–286. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02306.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahon, B. D., Gordon, S. A., Cruz, J., Cosman, F., & Cantorna, M. T. (2003). Cytokine profile in patients with multiple sclerosis following vitamin D supplementation. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 134(1–2), 128–132. doi: 10.1016/S0165-5728(02)00396-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohl, K., & Tenbrock, K. (2011). Inflammatory cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2011, 1–14. doi: 10.1155/2011/432595
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamoto, A., Fujio, K., Okamura, T., & Yamamoto, K. (2011). Regulatory T-cell-associated cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2011, 1–9. doi: 10.1155/2011/463412
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petri, M., Bello, K. J., Fang, H., & Madger, L. S. (2013). Vitamin D in systemic lupus erythematosus: Modest association with disease activity and the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio. Arthritis & Rheumatology, 65(7), 1865–1871. doi: 10.1002/art.37953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsdell, F. (2003). Foxp3 and natural regulatory T cells: Key to a cell lineage? Immunity, 19, 165–168. doi: 10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00207-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stockinger, B. (2007). Th17 cells: An orphan with influence. Immunology & Cell Biology, 85(2), 83–84. doi: 10.1038/sj.icb.7100035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki, K., Setoyama, Y., Yoshimoto, K., Tsuzaka, K., Abe, T., & Takeuchi, T. (2011). Decreased mRNA expression of two FOXP3 isoforms in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 24, 7–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szodoray, P., Nakken, B., Gaal, J., Jonsson, R., Szegedi, A., & Zold, E. (2008). The complex role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, 68(3), 261–269. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02127.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tackey, E., Lipsky, P. E., & Illei, G. G. (2004). Rationale for interleukin-6 blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus, 13(5), 339–343. doi: 10.1191/0961203304lu1023oa
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terrier, B., Derian, N., Schoindre, Y., Chaara, W., Geri, G., & Zahr, N. (2012). Restoration of regulatory and effector T cell balance and B cell homeostasis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients through vitamin D supplementation. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 14(5), 1–10. doi: 10.1186/ar4060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldhoen, M., Hocking, R. J., Atkins, C. J., Locksley, R. M., & Stockinger, B. (2006). TGF beta in the context of an inflammatory cytokine milieu supports de novo differentiation of IL 17-producing T cells. Immunity, 24, 179–189. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2006.01.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wan, S., Xia, C., & Morel, L. (2007). IL-6 produced by dendritic cells from lupus-prone mice inhibits CD4+CD25+ T cell regulatory functions. Journal of Immunology, 178, 271–279. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.1.271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing, Q., Su, H., Cui, J., & Wang, B. (2012). Role of Treg cells and TGF-β1 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A possible relation with lupus nephritis. Immunological Investigations, 41(1), 15–27. doi: 10.3109/08820139.2011.578189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, S. G., Wang, J., & Horwitz, D. A. (2008). Cutting edge: Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells induced by IL-2 and TGF-β are resistant to Th17 conversion by IL-6. Journal of Immunology, 180, 7112–7116. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.11.7112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar