A public health dilemma: A testing question

References

• Allen , S. , Meinzen-Derr , J. , Kautzman , M. , Zulu , I. , Trask , S. , Fideli , U. , Musonda , R. , Kasolo , F , Gao , F. and Haworth , A. 2003 . Sexual behaviour of HIV discordant couples after HIV counseling and testing . AIDS , 17 ( 5 ) : 733 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke , M. (2005) . Medicalisation of prevention in Tanzania, East Africa . Paper presented at the 7 th AIDS Impact Conference , Cape Town , South Africa , April .
   Google Scholar
• Calzavara , L. , Burchell , A. , Major , C. , Remis , R. , Corey , P. , Myers , T. , Millson , M. , Wallace , E. , & The Polaris Study Team (2002) . Increases in HIV incidence among men who have sex with men undergoing repeat diagnostic HIV testing in Ontario, Canada . AIDS , 16 (12) , 1655 – 61 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clatts , M.C. 1994 . All the king's horses and all the king's men: some personal reflections on ten years of AIDS ethnography . Human Organization , 53 ( 1 ) : 93 – 5 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crepaz , N. , Hart , T.A. and Marks , G. 2004 . Highly active antiretroviral therapy and sexual risk behaviour: a meta analytic review . Journal of the American Medical Association , 292 : 224 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day , J.H. , Miyamura , K. , Grant , A.D. , Leeuw , A. , Munsamy , J. , Baggaley , R. and Churchyard , G.J. 2003 . Attitudes to voluntary counseling and testing among mineworkers in South Africa: will availability of antiretroviral therapy encourage testing? . AIDS Care , 15 ( 5 ) : 665 – 72 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dibel , M. Cited in Briefing: CSIS HIV/AIDS Task Force Meeting June 17 , 2004 (p. 61), Retrieved from: Kaisernetwork.org
   Google Scholar
• Fylkesnes , K. , Haworth , A. , Rosensvard , C. and Kwapa , P.M. 1999 . HIV counseling and testing: overemphasizing high acceptance rates a threat to confidentiality and the right not to know . AIDS , 13 ( 17 ) : 2469 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray , R.H. , Wawer , M.J. , Brookmeyer , R. , Sewankambo , N.K. , Serwadda , D. , Wabire-Mangen , F. , Lutalo , T. , Li , X. , Vab Cott , T. , Quinn , T.C. , & Rakai Project Team (2001) . Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda . Lancet , 357 , 1149 – 53 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grinstead , O.A. , Gregorich , S.E. , Choi , K-H. , Coates , T. , & The Voluntary HIV-1 Counselling and Testing Efficacy Study Group (2001) . Positive and negative life events after counseling and testing: the Voluntary HIV-1 Counselling and Testing Efficacy Study . AIDS , 15 (8) , 1045 – 52 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammar , L. (2005) Personal communication. Institute of Medical Research , Goroka , PNG .
   Google Scholar
• Kalichman , S.C. and Simbayi , L.C. 2003 . HIV testing attitudes, AIDS stigma, and voluntary counselling and testing in a black township in Cape Town, South Africa . Sexually Transmitted Infections , 79 ( 6 ) : 442 – 7 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamb , M.L. , Fishbein , M. , Douglas , J.M. , Rhodes , F. , Rogers , J. , Bolan , G. , Zenilman , J. , Hoxworth , T. , Malotte , C.K. , Iatesta , M. , Kent , C. , Lentz , A. , Graziano , S. , Byers , R.H. , Peterman , T. , For the Project RESPECT Study Group (1998) . Efficacy of risk-reduction counseling to prevent human immunodeficiency virus and sexually transmitted diseases: A randomized controlled trial . Journal of the American Medical Association , 280 (13) , 1161 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz , M.H. , Schwarcz , S. , Kellogg , T.A. , Klausner , J.D. , Dilley , J.W. , Gibson , S. and McFarland , W. 2002 . Impact of highly active antiretroviral treatment on HIV seroincidence among men who have sex with men (MSM): San Francisco . American Journal of Public Health , 92 ( 3 ) : 388 – 94 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law , M.G. , Li Yeuming , McDonald , A.M. , Cooper , D. and Kaldor , J. 2000 . Estimating the population impact in Australia of improved antiviral treatment for HIV infection . AIDS , 14 : 197 – 201 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malaysian News Digest (2005) . HIV test a must in Kelantan: The Star Online , 26 May , 2005. Retrieved http://the star.com.my/news/story.asp 30/5/32005 .
   Google Scholar
• Maman , S. , Mbwambo , J. , Hogan , N.M. , Kilonzo , G.P. and Sweat , M. 2001 . Women's barriers to HIV-1 testing and disclosure: challenges for HIV-1 voluntary counselling and testing . AIDS Care , 13 ( 5 ) : 595 – 603 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marins , J.R. , Jamal , L.F. , Chen , S.Y. , Barros , M.B. , Hudes , E.S. , Barbosa , A.A. , Chequer , P. , Teixiera , P.R. and Hearst , N. 2003 . Dramatic improvement in survival among adult Brazilian AIDS patients . AIDS , 17 : 1675 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mocroft , A. , Katlama , C. , Johnson , A.M. , Pradier , C. , Antunes , F. , Mulcahy , F. , Chiesi , A. , Phillips , A.N. , Kirk , O. , & Lundgren , J.D. , For the Eurosida Study Group (2000) . AIDS across Europe, 1994–98: the EuroSIDA study . Lancet , 356 , 291 – 6 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mofenson , L.M. , Lambert , J.S. , Stiehm , E.R. , Bethel , J. , Meyer , W.A. , Whitehouse , J. , Moye , J. , Reichelderfer , P. , Harris , D.R. , Fowler , M.G. , Matheison , B.J. and Nemo , G.J. 1999 . Risk factors for perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in women treated with zidovudine . New England Journal of Medicine , 341 ( 6 ) : 385 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Painter , T.M. 2001 . Voluntary counseling and testing for couples: a high-leverage intervention for HIV/AIDS prevention in sub-Saharan Africa . Social Science & Medicine , 53 ( 11 ) : 1397 – 411 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilcher , C.D. , Tien , H.C. , Eron , J.J. , Vernazza , P.L ., Leu , S.Y. , Stewart , P.W. , Goh , L.E. , Cohen , M.S. , Quest Study & Duke-Unc-Emory Acute HIV Consortium (2004) . Brief but efficient: acute HIV infection and the sexual transmission of HIV . Journal of Infectious Diseases , 189 (10) , 1785 – 92 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn , T.C. , Wawer , M.J. , Sewankambo , N. , Serwadda , D. , Li , C.J. , Wabwire-Mangen , F. , Meehan , M.O. , Lutalo , T. and Gray , R.H. 2000 . Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 . New England Journal of Medicine , 342 ( 13 ) : 921 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reproductive Health Matters Editorial (2000) . Efficacy of voluntary counselling and testing for HIV in reducing risk . Reproductive Health Matters , 8 (16) , 176 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SEA-AIDS (2001) . Re: Mandatory pre-marital HIV testing in Malaysia , http://archives.healthdev.net/sea-aids/msg00067.html , retrieved 26 May 2005 .
   Google Scholar
• Sperling , R.S. , Shapiro , D.E. , Coombs , R.W. , Todd , J.A. , Herman , S.A. , McSherry , G.D. , O'Sullivan , M.J. , Vandyke , R.B. , Jiminez , E. , Rouzioux , C. , Flynn , P.M. , Sullivan , J.L. , Spector , S.A. , Diaz , C. , Rooney , J. , Balsley , J. , Gelber , R. and Connor , E.M. 1996 . Maternal viral load, zidovudine treatment, and the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from mother to infant . New England Journal of Medicine , 335 ( 12 ) : 1621 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stall , R.D. , Hays , R.B. , Waldo , C.R. , Ekstrand , M. and McFarland , W. 2000 . The Gay ‘90s: a review of research in the 1990s on sexual behavior and HIV risk among men who have sex with men . AIDS , 14 ( Suppl. 3 ) : S101 – S114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sweat , M. , Gregorich , S. , Sangiwa , G. , Furlonge , C. , Balmer , D. , Kamenga , C. , Grinsteda , O. and Coates , T. 2000 . Cost-effectiveness of voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing in reducing sexual transmission of HIV-1 in Kenya and Tanzania . Lancet , 356 ( 9224 ) : 113 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Voluntary HIV-1 Counseling and Efficacy Study Group (2000) . Efficacy of voluntary HIV-1 counselling and testing in individuals and couples in Kenya, Tanzania, and Trinidad: a randomized control trial . Lancet , 356 (9224) , 103 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van De Ven , P. , Kippax , S. , Knox , S. , Prestage , G. and Crawford , J. 1999 . HIV treatments optimism and sexual behaviour among gay men in Sydney and Melbourne . AIDS , 13 : 2289 – 94 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van De Ven , P. , Prestage , G. , Crawford , J. , Grulich , A. and Kippax , S. 2000 . Sexual risk behaviour increases and is associated with HIV optimism among HIV-negative and HIV-positive men in Sydney over a four-year period to February 2000. [research letter] . AIDS , 14 : 2951 – 3 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (2004) . ‘3 by 5’ Progress Report , December . Geneva : WHO and UNAIDS .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (2005) . ‘3 by 5’ Progress Report , December . Geneva : WHO and UNAIDS .
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS (2005) . Report: Consultative Meeting on HIV Testing and Counselling in the Africa Region . 15–17 November , Johannesburg , , South Africa .
   Google Scholar