References
- Annett , H. and Rifkin , S.B. 1995 . Guidelines for rapid participatory appraisals to assess community health needs , Geneva : WHO .
- Baum , F. , MacDougall , C. and Smith , D. 2006 . Participatory action research . Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health , 60 : 854 – 857 .
- Boerma , J.T. , Urassa , M. , Nnko , S. , Ng'weshemi , J. , Isingo , R. Zaba , B. 2002 . Sociodemographic context of the AIDS epidemic in a rural area in Tanzania with a focus on people's mobility and marriage . Sexually Transmitted Infections , 78 ( Suppl. 1 ) : i97 – i105 .
- Brown , C.S. , Lloyd , S. and Murray , S.A. 2006 . Using consecutive Rapid Participatory Appraisal studies to assess, facilitate and evaluate health and social change in community settings . BMC Public Health , 6 ( 1 ) : 68
- Busza , J. and Schunter , B.T. 2001 . From competition to community: Participatory learning and action among young, debt-bonded Vietnamese sex workers in Cambodia . Reproductive Health Matters , 9 ( 17 ) : 72 – 81 .
- Chambers , R. 1983 . Rural development. Putting the last first , Harlow , Middlesex, United Kingdom : Longman .
- Chambers , R. 1997 . Whose reality counts? Putting the first last , London : Intermediate Technology Publications .
- Clift , S. , Anemona , A. , Watson-Jones , D. , Kanga , Z. , Ndeki , L. Changalucha , J. 2003 . Variations of HIV and STI prevalences within communities neighbouring new goldmines in Tanzania: Importance for intervention design . Sexually Transmitted Infections , 79 ( 4 ) : 307 – 312 .
- CONRAD . 2007 . Phase III trials of cellulose sulfate microbicide for HIV prevention closed . (Press release) . Arlington , VA : CONRAD .
- Corcega , T.F. 1992 . Participatory research: Getting the community involved in health development . International Nursing Review , 39 ( 6 ) : 185 – 188 .
- Cornwall , A. and Jewkes , R. 1995 . What is participatory research? . Social Science and Medicine , 41 ( 12 ) : 1667 – 1676 .
- Cox , L.E. , Rouff , J.R. , Svendsen , K.H. , Markowitz , M. and Abrams , D.I. 1998 . Community advisory boards: Their role in AIDS clinical trials. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS . Health and Social Work , 23 ( 4 ) : 290 – 297 .
- Desmond , N. , Allen , C.F. , Clift , S. , Justine , B. , Mzugu , J. Plummer , M.L. 2005 . A typology of groups at risk of HIV/STI in a gold mining town in north-western Tanzania . Social Science and Medicine , 60 ( 8 ) : 1739 – 1749 .
- Esparza , J. and Burke , D. 2001 . Epidemiological considerations in planning HIV preventive vaccine trials . AIDS , 15 ( Suppl. 5 ) : S49 – S57 .
- Gysels , M. , Pool , R. and Nnalusiba , B. 2002 . Women who sell sex in a Ugandan trading town: Life histories, survival strategies and risk . Social Science and Medicine , 54 : 179 – 192 .
- Kapiga , S. , Sam , N. and Shao , J. 2002 . HIV-1 epidemic among female bar and hotel workers in northern Tanzania: Risk factors and opportunities for prevention . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 29 ( 4 ) : 409 – 417 .
- Khanlou , N. and Peter , E. 2005 . Participatory action research: Considerations for ethical review . Social Science and Medicine , 60 ( 11 ) : 2333 – 2340 .
- Macaulay , A.C. and Nutting , P.A. 2006 . Moving the frontiers forward: Incorporating community-based participatory research into practice-based research networks . Annals of Family Medicine , 4 : 4 – 7 .
- MacQueen , K.M. , McLellan , E. , Metzger , D.S. , Kegeles , S. , Strauss , R.P. Scotti , R. 2001 . What is community? An evidence-based definition for participatory public health . American Journal of Public Health , 91 ( 12 ) : 1929 – 1938 .
- Mahr , J. , Wuestefeld , M. , ten Haaf , J. and Krawinkel , M.B. 2004 . Nutrition education for illiterate children in southern Madagascar addressing their needs, perceptions and capabilities . Public Health Nutrition , 8 ( 4 ) : 366 – 372 .
- MDP-Mwanza . 2004 . Evaluation of the MWAMKO Community Liaison System: NIMR/LSHTM/AMREF Mwanza, Tanzania . Retrieved 6 May, 2007, from http://www.mdp.mrc.ac.uk/
- Meyers , K. , Metzger , D.S. , McLellan , A.T. , Navaline , H. , Sheon , A.R. and Woody , G.E. 1995 . Will preventive HIV vaccine efficacy trials be possible with female injection drug users? . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology , 10 ( 5 ) : 577 – 585 .
- Mgalla , Z. and Pool , R. 1997 . Sexual relationship, condom use and risk perception among female bar workers in north-west Tanzania . AIDS Care , 9 ( 4 ) : 407 – 416 .
- Mills , E. , Nixon , S. , Singh , S. , Dolma , S. , Nayyar , A. and Kapoor , S. 2006 . Enrolling women into HIV preventive vaccine trials: An ethical imperative but a logistical challenge . PLoS Medicine , 3 ( 3 ) : 94
- Morin , S.F. , Maiorana , A. , Koester , K.A. , Sheon , N.M. and Richards , T.A. 2003 . Community consultation in HIV prevention research: A study of community advisory boards at six research sites . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 33 ( 4 ) : 513 – 520 .
- Moser , D.J. , Arndt , S. , Kanz , J.E. , Benjamin , M.L. , Bayless , J.D. Reese , R.L. 2004 . Coercion and informed consent in research involving prisoners . Comprehensive Psychiatry , 45 ( 1 ) : 1 – 9 .
- Murray , S.A. 1999 . Experiences with "rapid appraisal" in primary care: Involving the public in assessing health needs, orientating staff and educating medical students . British Medical Journal , 318 : 440 – 444 .
- Muruli , L. , Reardon , O. , Kisuya , B. , Muthui , M. and Vallely , A. 2001 . Participatory rural appraisal among agro-industrial communities in the sugar-belt region of Nyanza , Kenya. Nairobi , , Kenya : Futures Group Europe .
- Nancholas , S. 1998 . How to do or not to do a Logical Framework . Health Policy and Planning , 13 ( 2 ) : 189 – 193 .
- NIMH . 2007 . Design and integration of ethnography within an international behavior change HIV/sexually transmitted disease prevention trial . AIDS , 21 (Suppl. 2) , S37 – S48 .
- Nkya , W. , Gillespie , S. and Howlett , W. 1991 . Sexually transmitted diseases in prostitutes in Moshi and Arusha, northern Tanzania . International Journal of STD and AIDS , 2 ( 6 ) : 432 – 435 .
- Nyamathi , A. , Koniak-Griffin , D. , Tallen , L. , Gonzalez-Figueroa , E. , Levson , L. Mosley , Y. 2004 . Use of community-based participatory research in preparing low income and homeless minority populations for future HIV vaccines . Journal of Interprofessional Care , 18 ( 4 ) : 369 – 380 .
- Ong , B.N. , Humphris , G. , Annett , H. and Rifkin , S. 1991 . Rapid appraisal in an urban setting, an example from the developed world . Social Science and Medicine , 32 ( 8 ) : 909 – 915 .
- Page-Shafer , K. , Saphonn , V. , Penh Sun , L. , Chhi Vun , M. , Cooper , D.A. and Kaldor , J.M. 2005 . HIV prevention research in a resource-limited setting: The experience of planning a trial in Cambodia . Lancet , 366 : 1499 – 1503 .
- Sherr , L. , Bolding , G. and Elford , J. 2004 . Recruiting London gay men into an HIV vaccine trial: Is it feasible? . AIDS Care , 16 ( 5 ) : 565 – 571 .
- Suligoi , B. , Wagner , T.M. , Ciccozzi , M. and Rezza , G. 2005 . The epidemiological contribution to the preparation of field trials for HIV and STI vaccines: Objectives and methods of feasibility studies . Vaccine , 23 ( 12 ) : 1437 – 1445 .
- UNAIDS . 2007 . Good participatory practice guidelines for biomedical HIV prevention trials . Geneva : Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS .
- Vallely , A. , Scott , C. and Hallums , J. 1999 . The health needs of refugees: Using rapid appraisal to assess needs and identify priority areas for public health action . Public Health Medicine , 1 ( 3 ) : 103 – 107 .
- Vallely , A. , Kasindi , S. , Hambleton , I.R. , Knight , L. , Chirwa , T. Balira , R. 2007 . Microbicides Development Programme, Tanzania: Baseline characteristics of an occupational cohort and re-attendance at three months . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 34 ( 9 ) : 638 – 643 .
- Vallely , A. , Shagi , C. , Kasindi , S. , Desmond , N. , Lees , S. Chiduo , B. 2007 . The benefits of participatory methodologies to develop effective community dialogue in the context of a microbicide trial feasibility study in Mwanza, Tanzania . BMC Public Health , 7 : 133
- Wright , J. and Walley , J. 1998 . Assessing health needs in developing countries . British Medical Journal , 316 : 1819 – 1823 .