References
- Abdool Karim , Q. , Abdool Karim , S.S. , Coovadia , H.M. and Susser , M. 1998 . Informed consent for HIV testing in a South African hospital: Is it truly informed and truly voluntary? . American Journal of Public Health , 88 ( 4 ) : 637 – 640 .
- Abdool Karim , Q. , Meyer-Weitz , A. , Mboyi , L. , Carrara , H. , Mahlase , G. Frohlich , J.A. 2008 . The influence of AIDS stigma and discrimination and social cohesion on HIV testing and willingness to disclose HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa . Global Public Health , 3 : 351 – 365 .
- Barnighausen , T. , Tanser , F. , Gqwede , Z. , Mbizana , C. , Herbst , K. and Newell , M.L. 2008 . High HIV incidence in a community with high HIV prevalence in rural South Africa: Findings from a prospective population-based study . AIDS , 22 ( 1 ) : 139 – 144 .
- Bassett , I.V. , Giddy , J. , Nkera , J. , Wang , B. , Losina , E. Lu , Z. 2007 . Routine voluntary HIV testing in Durban, South Africa: The experience from an outpatient department . Jounal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome , 46 : 181 – 186 .
- Chandisarewa , W. , Stranix-Chibanda , L. , Chirapa , E. , Miller , A. , Simoyi , M. Mahomva , A. 2007 . Routine offer of antenatal HIV testing (“opt-out” approach) to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV in urban Zimbabwe . Bulletin of World Health Organisation , 85 : 843 – 850 .
- Creek , T.L. , Ntumy , R. , Seipone , K. , Smith , M. , Mogodi , M. Smit , M. 2007 . Successful introduction of routine opt-out HIV testing in antenatal care in Botswana . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 45 : 102 – 107 .
- Gruskin , S. , Ahmed , S. and Ferguson , L. 2008 . Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling in health facilities – what does this mean for the health and human rights of pregnant women? . Developing World Bioethics , 8 : 23 – 32 .
- Karim , S.S. , Mlisana , K. , Kharsany , A.B. , Williamson , C. , Baxter , C. and Karim , Q.A. 2007 . Utilizing nucleic acid amplification to identify acute HIV infection . AIDS , 21 : 653 – 655 .
- Mkwanazi , N.B. , Patel , D. , Newell , M.L. , Rollins , N.C. , Coutsoudis , A. Coovadia , H.M. 2008 . Rapid testing may not improve uptake of HIV testing and same day results in a rural South African community: A cohort study of 12,000 women . PLoS One , 3 : e3501
- Moodley , P. , Sturm , P.D. , Vanmali , T. , Wilkinson , D. , Connolly , C. and Sturm , A.W. 2003 . Association between HIV-1 infection, the etiology of genital ulcer disease, and response to syndromic management . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 30 : 241 – 245 .
- National Department of Health, SA 2008 . The National HIV and Syphilis Prevalence Survey, South Africa .
- Pettifor , A.E. , Rees , H.V. , Kleinschmidt , I. , Steffenson , A.E. , MacPhail , C. Hlongwa-Madikizela , L. 2005 . Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviors from a nationally representative household survey . AIDS , 19 : 1525 – 1534 .
- Pilcher , C.D. , Fiscus , S.A. , Nguyen , T.Q. , Foust , E. , Wolf , L. Williams , D. 2005 . Detection of acute infections during HIV testing in North Carolina . New England Journal of Medicine , 352 : 1873 – 1883 .
- Rehle , T. , Shisana , O. , Pillay , V. , Zuma , K. , Puren , A. and Parker , W. 2007 . National HIV incidence measures – new insights into the South African epidemic . South African Medical Journal , 97 ( 3 ) : 194 – 199 .
- Rottingen , J.A. , Cameron , D.W. and Garnett , G.P. 2001 . A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: How much really is known? . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 28 : 579 – 597 .
- South African Department of Health . 2006 . The National Policy on Counseling and Testing for HIV in South Africa . Draft document - October 2006 Department of Health, Republic of South Africa .
- UNAIDS/WHO . 2007 . World Health Organisation (WHO)/Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Guidance on provider-initiatedHIV testing and counselling in health facilities . Geneva : UNAIDS .
- UNAIDS/WHO . 2008 . Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic . Geneva : UNAIDS .
- Wanyenze , R.K. , Nawavvu , C. , Namale , A.S. , Mayanja , B. , Bunnell , R. Abang , B. 2008 . Acceptability of routine HIV counselling and testing, and HIV seroprevalence in Ugandan hospitals . Bulletin of World Health Organisation , 86 : 302 – 309 .
- Wilkinson , D. , Abdool Karim , S.S. , Williams , B. and Gouws , E. 2000 . High HIV incidence and prevalence among young women in rural South Africa: Developing a cohort for intervention trials . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 23 : 405 – 409 .
- Williams , B. , Gouws , E. , Wilkinson , D. and Karim , S.A. 2001 . Estimating HIV incidence rates from age prevalence data in epidemic situations . Statistics in Medicine , 20 : 2003 – 2016 .