Publication Cover
AIDS Care
Psychological and Socio-medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
Volume 23, 2011 - Issue 6
433
Views
48
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Association of ongoing drug and alcohol use with non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy and higher risk of AIDS and death: results from ACTG 362

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 775-785 | Received 02 Apr 2010, Accepted 14 Sep 2010, Published online: 02 Feb 2011

References

  • Arnsten , J.H. , Demas , P.A. , Grant , R.W. , Gourevitch , M.N. , Farzadegan , H. , Howard , A.A. and Schoenbaum , E.E. 2002 . Impact of active drug use on antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in HIV-infected drug users . Journal of General Internal Medicine , 17 ( 5 ) : 377 – 381 .
  • Bassetti , S. , Battegay , M. , Furrer , H. , Rickenbach , M. , Flepp , M. , Kaiser , L. and Sudre , P. 1999 . Why is highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) not prescribed or discontinued? Swiss HIV Cohort Study . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 21 ( 2 ) : 114 – 119 .
  • Bing , E.G. , Burnam , M.A. , Longshore , D. , Fleishman , J.A. , Sherbourne , C.D. , London , A.S. and Shapiro , M. 2001 . Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States . Archives of General Psychiatry , 58 ( 8 ) : 721 – 728 .
  • Braithwaite , R.S. , McGinnis , K.A. , Conigliaro , J. , Maisto , S.A. , Crystal , S. , Day , N. and Justice , A.C. 2005 . A temporal and dose-response association between alcohol consumption and medication adherence among veterans in care . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 29 ( 7 ) : 1190 – 1197 .
  • Carrico , A.W. , Johnson , M.O. , Morin , S.F. , Remien , R.H. , Riley , E.D. , Hecht , F.M. and Fuchs , D. 2008 . Stimulant use is associated with immune activation and depleted tryptophan among HIV-positive persons on anti-retroviral therapy . Brain, Behavior, and Immunity , 22 : 1257 – 1262 .
  • CDC . 2006 , June 2 ). Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS – United States 1981–2005 . MMWR , 55 21 , 589 592 . Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5521a2.htm
  • Chander , G. , Himelhoch , S. and Moore , R.D. 2006 . Substance abuse and psychiatric disorders in HIV-positive patients: Epidemiology and impact on antiretroviral therapy . Drugs , 66 ( 6 ) : 769 – 789 .
  • Chesney , M.A. , Ickovics , J.R. , Chambers , D.B. , Gifford , A.L. , Neidig , J. , Zwickl , B. and Wu , A.W. 2000 . Self-reported adherence to antiretroviral medications among participants in HIV clinical trials: The AACTG adherence instruments. Patient Care Committee & Adherence Working Group of the Outcomes Committee of the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (AACTG) . AIDS Care , 12 ( 3 ) : 255 – 266 .
  • Cofrancesco , J. Jr , Scherzer , R. , Tien , P.C. , Gibert , C.L. , Southwell , H. , Sidney , S. and Grunfeld , C. 2008 . Illicit drug use and HIV treatment outcomes in a US cohort . AIDS , 22 ( 3 ) : 357 – 365 .
  • Cohn , S.E. , Kammann , E. , Williams , P. , Currier , J.S. and Chesney , M.A. 2002 . Association of adherence to Mycobacterium avium complex prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy with clinical outcomes in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome . Clinical Infectious Diseases , 34 ( 8 ) : 1129 – 1136 .
  • Cohn , S.E. , Umbleja , T. , Mrus , J. , Bardequez , A.D. , Andersen , J. and Chesney , M.A. 2008 . Prior illicit drug use and missed prenatal vitamins predict non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy . AIDS Patient Care and STDs , 22 : 29 – 40 .
  • Conen , A. , Fehr , J. , Glass , T.R. , Furrer , H. , Weber , R. , Vernazza , P. and Battegay , M. 2009 . Self-reported alcohol consumption and its association with adherence and outcome of antiretroviral therapy in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study . Antiviral Therapy , 14 ( 3 ) : 349 – 357 .
  • Currier , J.S. , Williams , P.L. , Koletar , S.L. , Cohn , S.E. , Murphy , R.L. , Heald , A.E. and McCutchan , J.A. 2000 . Discontinuation of Mycobacterium avium complex prophylaxis in patients with antiretroviral therapy-induced increases in CD4+ cell count . Annals of Internal Medicine , 133 : 493 – 503 .
  • Dhillon , N.K. , Williams , R. , Peng , F. , Tsai , Y.J. , Dhillon , S. , Nicolay , B. and Buch , S.J. 2007 . Cocaine-mediated enhancement of virus replication in macrophages: Implications for human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia . Journal For Neurovirology , 13 ( 6 ) : 483 – 495 .
  • Elliott , M.K. , Sisson , J.H. and Wyatt , T.A. 2007 . Effects of cigarette smoke and alcohol on ciliated tracheal epithelium and inflammatory cell recruitment . American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology , 36 ( 4 ) : 452 – 459 .
  • Gebo , K.A. , Fleishman , J.A. , Conviser , R. , Reilly , E.D. , Korthuis , P.T. , Moore , R.D. and Mathews , W.C. 2005 . Racial and gender disparities in receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy persist in a multistate sample of HIV patients in 2001 . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 38 ( 1 ) : 96 – 103 .
  • Golin , C.E. , Liu , H. , Hays , R.D. , Miller , L.G. , Beck , C.K. , Ickovics , J. and Wenger , N.S. 2002 . A prospective study of predictors of adherence to combination antiretroviral medication . Journal of General Internal Medicine , 17 ( 10 ) : 756 – 765 .
  • Hajjeh , R.A. , Conn , L.A. , Stephens , D.S. , Baughman , W. , Hamill , R. , Graviss , E. and Pinner , R.W. 1999 . Cryptococcosis: Population-based multistate active surveillance and risk factors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. Cryptococcal Active Surveillance Group . The Journal of Infectious Diseases , 179 ( 2 ) : 449 – 454 .
  • Haubrich , R.H. , Little , S.J. , Currier , J.S. , Forthal , D.N. , Kemper , C.A. , Beall , G.N. and McCutchan , J.A. 1999 . The value of patient-reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy in predicting virologic and immunologic response. California Collaborative Treatment Group . AIDS , 13 ( 9 ) : 1099 – 1107 .
  • Kapadia , F. , Cook , J.A. , Cohen , M.H. , Sohler , N. , Kovacs , A. , Greenblatt , R.M. and Vlahov , D. 2005 . The relationship between non-injection drug use behaviors on progression to AIDS and death in a cohort of HIV seropositive women in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy use . Addiction , 100 ( 7 ) : 990 – 1002 .
  • Kohli , R. , Lo , Y. , Howard , A.A. , Buono , D. , Floris-Moore , M. , Klein , R.S. and Schoenbaum , E.E. 2005 . Mortality in an urban cohort of HIV-infected and at-risk drug users in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy . Clinical Infectious Diseases , 41 ( 6 ) : 864 – 872 .
  • Koletar , S.L. , Williams , P.L. , Wu , J. , McCutchan , J.A. , Cohn , S.E. , Murphy , R.L. and Currier , J.S. 2004 . Long-term follow-up of HIV-infected individuals who have significant increases in CD4+ cell counts during antiretroviral therapy . Clinical Infectious Diseases , 39 ( 10 ) : 1500 – 1506 .
  • Leitch , G.J. , Frid , L.H. and Phoenix , D. 1985 . The effects of ethanol on mucociliary clearance . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 9 : 277 – 280 .
  • Lucas , G.M. , Cheever , L.W. , Chaisson , R.E. and Moore , R.D. 2001 . Detrimental effects of continued illicit drug use on the treatment of HIV-1 infection . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 27 ( 3 ) : 251 – 259 .
  • Lucas , G.M. , Gebo , K.A. , Chaisson , R.E. and Moore , R.D. 2002 . Longitudinal assessment of the effects of drug and alcohol abuse on HIV-1 treatment outcomes in an urban clinic . AIDS , 16 ( 5 ) : 767 – 774 .
  • Lucas , G.M. , Griswold , M. , Gebo , K.A. , Keruly , J. , Chaisson , R.E. and Moore , R.D. 2006 . Illicit drug use and HIV-1 disease progression: A longitudinal study in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy . American Journal of Epidemiology , 163 ( 5 ) : 412 – 420 .
  • Lyles , C.M. , Margolick , J.B. , Astemborski , J. , Graham , N.M. , Anthony , J.C. , Hoover , D.R. and Vlahov , D. 1997 . The influence of drug use patterns on the rate of CD4+ lymphocyte decline among HIV-1-infected injecting drug users . AIDS , 11 ( 10 ) : 1255 – 1262 .
  • Mientjes , G.H. , Miedema , F. , van Ameijden , E.J. , van den Hoek , A.A. , Schellekens , P.T. , Roos , M.T. and Coutinho , R.A. 1991 . Frequent injecting impairs lymphocyte reactivity in HIV-positive and HIV-negative drug users . AIDS , 5 ( 1 ) : 35 – 41 .
  • Mocroft , A. , Madge , S. , Johnson , A.M. , Lazzarin , A. , Clumeck , N. , Goebel , F.D. and Lundgren , J.D. 1999 . A comparison of exposure groups in the EuroSIDA study: Starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), response to HAART, and survival . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 22 ( 4 ) : 369 – 378 .
  • Moore , R.D. , Keruly , J.C. and Chaisson , R.E. 2004 . Differences in HIV disease progression by injecting drug use in HIV-infected persons in care . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 35 ( 1 ) : 46 – 51 .
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism . 2005 . Helping patients who drink too much. A Clinician's Guide . Washington , DC : U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health .
  • Palella , F.J. Jr , Delaney , K.M. , Moorman , A.C. , Loveless , M.O. , Fuhrer , J. , Satten , G.A. and Holmberg , S.D. 1998 . Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators . The New England Journal of Medicine , 338 ( 13 ) : 853 – 860 .
  • Palepu , A. , Tyndall , M. , Yip , B. , O'Shaughnessy , M.V. , Hogg , R.S. and Montaner , J.S. 2003 . Impaired virologic response to highly active antiretroviral therapy associated with ongoing injection drug use . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes , 32 ( 5 ) : 522 – 526 .
  • Paterson , D.L. , Swindells , S. , Mohr , J. , Brester , M. , Vergis , E.N. , Squier , C. and Singh , N. 2000 . Adherence to protease inhibitor therapy and outcomes in patients with HIV infection . Annals of Internal Medicine , 133 : 21 – 30 .
  • Peterson , P.K. , Sharp , B.M. , Gekker , G. , Portoghese , P.S. , Sannerud , K. and Balfour , H.H. Jr . 1990 . Morphine promotes the growth of HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cocultures . AIDS , 4 ( 9 ) : 869 – 873 .
  • Roth , M.D. , Whittaker , K.M. , Choi , R. , Tashkin , D.P. and Baldwin , G.C. 2005 . Cocaine and sigma-1 receptors modulate HIV infection, chemokine receptors, and the HPA axis in the huPBL-SCID model . Journal of Leukocyte Biology , 78 ( 6 ) : 1198 – 1203 .
  • Spijkerman , I.J. , Langendam , M.W. , Veugelers , P.J. , van Ameijden , E.J. , Keet , I.P. , Geskus , R.B. and Coutinho , R.A. 1996 . Differences in progression to AIDS between injection drug users and homosexual men with documented dates of seroconversion . Epidemiology , 7 ( 6 ) : 571 – 577 .
  • Tishler , C.L. , Bartholomae , S. and Rhodes , A.R. 2005 . Personality profiles of normal healthy research volunteers: A potential concern for clinical drug trial investigators? . Medical Hypotheses , 65 ( 1 ) : 1 – 7 .
  • Turner , B.J. , Fleishman , J.A. , Wenger , N. , London , A.S. , Burnam , M.A. , Shapiro , M.F. and Bozzette , S.A. 2001 . Effects of drug abuse and mental disorders on use and type of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected persons . Journal of General Internal Medicine , 16 ( 9 ) : 625 – 633 .
  • Tucker , J.S. , Burnam , M.A. , Sherbourne , C.D. , Kung , F.Y. and Gifford , A.L. 2003 . Substance use and mental health correlates of nonadherence to antiretroviral medications in a sample of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection . American Journal of Medicine , 114 ( 7 ) : 573 – 580 .
  • Walley , A.Y. , Cheng , D.M. , Libman , H. , Nunes , D. , Horsburgh , C.R. Jr , Saitz , R. and Samet , J.H. 2008 . Recent drug use, homelessness and increased short-term mortality in HIV-infected persons with alcohol problems . AIDS , 22 ( 3 ) : 415 – 420 .
  • Weber , R. , Huber , M. , Rickenbach , M. , Furrer , H. , Elzi , L. , Hirschel , B. and Ledergerber , B. 2009 . Uptake of and virological response to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected former and current injecting drug users and persons in an opiate substitution treatment programme: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study . HIV Medicine , 10 : 407 – 416 .
  • Wood , E. , Montaner , J.S. , Yip , B. , Tyndall , M.W. , Schechter , M.T. , O'Shaughnessy , M.V. and Hogg , R.S. 2003 . Adherence and plasma HIV RNA responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1 infected injection drug users . CMAJ , 169 ( 7 ) : 656 – 661 .
  • Wright , D. , Sathe , N. , & Spagnola , K. 2007 . State estimates of substance use from the 2004–2005 national surveys on drug use and health (DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4235, NSDUH Series H-31). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies. Retrieved from http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k5State/pdf/2k5state.pdf

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.