Alcohol use predicts elevation in inflammatory marker soluble CD14 in men living with HIV

References

• Ancuta, P., Kamat, A., Kunstman, K. J., Kim, E. Y., Autissier, P., Wurcel, A., … Gabuzda, D. (2008). Microbial translocation is associated with increased monocyte activation and dementia in AIDS patients. PLoS One, 3, e2516. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002516
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bala, S., Marcos, M., Gattu, A., Catalano, D., & Szabo, G. (2014). Acute binge drinking increases serum endotoxin and bacterial DNA levels in healthy individuals. PLoS One, 9, e96864. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barclay, G. R. (1995). Endogenous endotoxin-core antibody (EndoCAb) as a marker of endotoxin exposure and a prognostic indicator: A review. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, 392, 263–272.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brenchley, J. M., & Douek, D. C. (2012). Microbial translocation across the GI tract. Annual Review of Immunology, 30, 149–173. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenchley, J. M., Price, D. A., Schacker, T. W., Asher, T. E., Silvestri, G., Rao, S., … Douek, D. C. (2006). Microbial translocation is a cause of systemic immune activation in chronic HIV infection. Nature Medicine, 12, 1365–1371. doi:10.1038/nm1511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenchley, J. M., Schacker, T. W., Ruff, L. E., Price, D. A., Taylor, J. H., Beilman, G. J., … Douek, D. C. (2004). CD4+ T cell depletion during all stages of HIV disease occurs predominantly in the gastrointestinal tract. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 200, 749–759. doi:10.1084/jem.20040874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Behavioral and clinical characteristics of persons receiving medical care for HIV infection – Medical Monitoring Project, United States, 2010. Atlanta, GA: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Cioe, P. A., Baker, J., Kojic, E., Onen, N., Hammer, J., Patel, P., & Kahler, C. W. (2015). Elevated soluble CD14 and lower D-dimer are associated with cigarette smoking and heavy episodic alcohol use in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 70(4), 400–405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson, D. A. (2011). Defining risk drinking. Alcohol Research & Health, 34(2), 144–156. doi:Fea-AR&H-53Fea-AR&H-53
   Google Scholar
• Deeks, S. G., Kitchen, C. M., Liu, L., Guo, H., Gascon, R., Narvaez, A. B., … Hecht, F. M. (2004). Immune activation set point during early HIV infection predicts subsequent CD4+ T-cell changes independent of viral load. Blood, 104(4), 942–947. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-09-3333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinh, D. M., Volpe, G. E., Duffalo, C., Bhalchandra, S., Tai, A. K., Kane, A. V., … Ward, H. D. (2015). Intestinal microbiota, microbial translocation, and systemic inflammation in chronic HIV infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 211(1), 19–27. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erol, A., & Karpyak, V. M. (2015). Sex and gender-related differences in alcohol use and its consequences: Contemporary knowledge and future research considerations. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 156, 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Medicines Agency. (2010). Guideline on the development of medicinal products for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Retrieved from http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2010/03/WC500074898.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Falk, D. E., Litten, R. Z., Anton, R. F., Kranzler, H. R., & Johnson, B. A. (2014). Cumulative proportion of responders analysis (CPRA) as a tool to assess treatment outcome in alcohol clinical trials. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 75(2), 335–346. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2014.75.335
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandez-Lizarbe, S., Pascual, M., & Guerri, C. (2009). Critical role of TLR4 response in the activation of microglia induced by ethanol. The Journal of Immunology, 183, 4733–4744. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (1995). Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders. New York, NY: New York State Psychiatric Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Frank, J., Witte, K., Schrodl, W., & Schutt, C. (2004). Chronic alcoholism causes deleterious conditioning of innate immunity. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 39, 386–392. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh083
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahn, J. A., & Samet, J. H. (2010). Alcohol and HIV disease progression: Weighing the evidence. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 7(4), 226–233. doi:10.1007/s11904-010-0060-6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• IBM Corp. (Released 2013). IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 22.0. Armonk, NY: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Kahler, C. W., Wray, T. B., Pantalone, D. W., Kruis, R. D., Mastroleo, N. R., Monti, P. M., & Mayer, K. H. (2014). Daily associations between alcohol use and unprotected anal sex among heavy drinking HIV-positive men who have sex with men. AIDS & Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0896-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazbariene, B., Krikstaponiene, A., & Monceviciute-Eringiene, E. (2006). Disturbance of human immunohomeostasis by environmental pollution and alcohol consumption. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica, 53(2), 209–218. doi:10.1556/AMicr.53.2006.2.7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kitchens, R. L., Thompson, P. A., Viriyakosol, S., O'Keefe, G. E., & Munford, R. S. (2001). Plasma CD14 decreases monocyte responses to LPS by transferring cell-bound LPS to plasma lipoproteins. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 108, 485–493. doi:10.1172/JCI13139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leclercq, S., Cani, P. D., Neyrinck, A. M., Starkel, P., Jamar, F., Mikolajczak, M., … de Timary, P. (2012). Role of intestinal permeability and inflammation in the biological and behavioral control of alcohol-dependent subjects. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 26, 911–918. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandrekar, P., Bala, S., Catalano, D., Kodys, K., & Szabo, G. (2009). The opposite effects of acute and chronic alcohol on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation are linked to IRAK-M in human monocytes. The Journal of Immunology, 183, 1320–1327. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchetti, G., Tincati, C., & Silvestri, G. (2013). Microbial translocation in the pathogenesis of HIV infection and AIDS. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 26(1), 2–18. doi:10.1128/cmr.00050-12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcotte, T. D., Deutsch, R., Michael, B. D., Franklin, D., Cookson, D. R., Bharti, A. R., … Letendre, S. L. (2013). A concise panel of biomarkers identifies neurocognitive functioning changes in HIV-infected individuals. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 8(5), 1123–1135. doi:10.1007/s11481-013-9504-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, F., May, M., & Phillips, A. (2013). Life expectancy living with HIV: Recent estimates and future implications. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 26(1), 17–25. doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32835ba6b1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, B. S., & Lee, J. O. (2013). Recognition of lipopolysaccharide pattern by TLR4 complexes. Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 45, e66. doi:10.1038/emm.2013.97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandler, N. G., Wand, H., Roque, A., Law, M., Nason, M. C., Nixon, D. E., … Group, I. S. S. (2011). Plasma levels of soluble CD14 independently predict mortality in HIV infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 203, 780–790. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiq118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shive, C. L., Jiang, W., Anthony, D. D., & Lederman, M. M. (2015). Soluble CD14 is a nonspecific marker of monocyte activation. AIDS, 29(10), 1263–1265. doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000000735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobell, L. C., & Sobell, M. B. (1992). Timeline followback: A technique for assessing self-reported alcohol consumption. In J. P. Allen & M. Columbus (Eds.), Assessing alcohol problems: A guide for clinicians and researchers (pp. 55–73). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan, J. T., Sykora, K., Schneiderman, J., Naranjo, C. A., & Sellers, E. M. (1989). Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: The revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar). British Journal of Addiction, 84, 1353–1357. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00737.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Szabo, G., & Bala, S. (2010). Alcoholic liver disease and the gut-liver axis. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 16, 1321–1329. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeger, S. L., Liang, K. Y., & Albert, P. S. (1988). Models for longitudinal data: A generalized estimating equation approach. Biometrics, 44(4), 1049–1060. doi: 10.2307/2531734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar