Food insecurity and low CD4 count among HIV-infected people: a systematic review and meta-analysis

References

• Anderson, S. (1990). Core indicators of nutritional state for difficult-to-sample populations. Journal of Nutrition, 120(11 Suppl.), 1559–1600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anema, A., Vogenthaler, N., Frongillo, E. A., Kadiyala, S., & Weiser, S. D. (2009). Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS: Current knowledge, gaps, and research priorities. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 6(4), 224–231. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19849966 doi: 10.1007/s11904-009-0030-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bickel Gary, M. N., Price, C., Hamilton, W., & Cook, J. (2000, March). Guide to measuring household food security, Revised 2000. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service.
   Google Scholar
• Chandra, R. K. (1983). Numerical and functional deficiency in T helper cells in protein energy malnutrition. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 51(1), 126–132. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6219837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coates, J. S. A., & Bilinsky, P. (2007). Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) for measurement of food access: Indicator guide. VERSION 3. Retrieved May 2015, from http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/eufao-fsi4dm/doc-training/hfias.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cox, J., Hamelin, A. M., McLinden, T., Moodie, E. E., Anema, A., Rollet-Kurhajec, K. C., … Canadian Co-infection Cohort Investigators. (2016). Food insecurity in HIV-hepatitis C virus co-infected individuals in Canada: The importance of co-morbidities. Aids and Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10461-016-1326-9
   Google Scholar
• DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986). Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials, 7(3), 177–188. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3802833 doi: 10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gebrehiwot, T., & van der Veen, A. (2014). Coping with food insecurity on a micro-scale: Evidence from Ethiopian rural households. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 53(2), 214–240. doi:10.1080/03670244.2013.811387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greif, M. J. (2012). Housing, medical, and food deprivation in poor urban contexts: Implications for multiple sexual partnerships and transactional sex in Nairobi’s slums. Health & Place, 18(2), 400–407. doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.12.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross, R., Bilker, W. B., Friedman, H. M., & Strom, B. L. (2001). Effect of adherence to newly initiated antiretroviral therapy on plasma viral load. AIDS, 15(16), 2109–2117.  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11684930 doi: 10.1097/00002030-200111090-00006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzog, R., Alvarez-Pasquin, M. J., Diaz, C., Del Barrio, J. L., Estrada, J. M., & Gil, A. (2013). Are healthcare workers’ intentions to vaccinate related to their knowledge, beliefs and attitudes? A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 13, 154. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins, J. P., & Thompson, S. G. (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 21(11), 1539–1558. doi:10.1002/sim.1186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hills, C. M. L. (2006). HIV/AIDS, food security and gender equality. Report on conference sessions. Paper presented at the XVI International AIDS Conference, Toronto, Canada. Retrieved May 2015, from http://www.icad-cisd.com/pdf/HIV-AIDS_Food_Security_Gender_Equality_Report_EN.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ho, D. D., Neumann, A. U., Perelson, A. S., Chen, W., Leonard, J. M., & Markowitz, M. (1995). Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection. Nature, 373(6510), 123–126. doi:10.1038/373123a0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalichman, S. C., Cherry, C., Amaral, C., White, D., Kalichman, M. O., Pope, H., … Macy, R. (2010). Health and treatment implications of food insufficiency among people living with HIV/AIDS, Atlanta, Georgia. Journal of Urban Health, 87(4), 631–641. doi:10.1007/s11524-010-9446-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalichman, S. C., Washington, C., Grebler, T., Hoyt, G., Welles, B., Merely, C., … Cherry, C. (2015). Treatment outcomes among people living with HIV who are food insecure and prescribed antiretrovirals taken with food. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 6(1), 35–40. doi:10.1177/2150131914549055
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann, G. R., Elzi, L., Weber, R., Furrer, H., Giulieri, S., Vernazza, P., … Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group. (2011). Interruptions of cart limits CD4 T-cell recovery and increases the risk for opportunistic complications and death. AIDS, 25(4), 441–451. doi:10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283430013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann, G. R., Perrin, L., Pantaleo, G., Opravil, M., Furrer, H., Telenti, A., … Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group. (2003). CD4 T-lymphocyte recovery in individuals with advanced HIV-1 infection receiving potent antiretroviral therapy for 4 years: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(18), 2187–2195. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.18.2187
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kirkpatrick, S. I., & Tarasuk, V. (2008). Food insecurity is associated with nutrient inadequacies among Canadian adults and adolescents. Journal of Nutrition, 138(3), 604–612. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18287374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kundu, C. K., Samanta, M., Sarkar, M., Bhattacharyya, S., & Chatterjee, S. (2012). Food supplementation as an incentive to improve pre-antiretroviral therapy clinic adherence in HIV-positive children – experience from eastern India. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 58(1), 31–37. doi:10.1093/tropej/fmr026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewden, C., Chene, G., Morlat, P., Raffi, F., Dupon, M., Dellamonica, P., … Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hepatites Virales CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE Study Group. (2007). HIV-infected adults with a CD4 cell count greater than 500 cells/mm3 on long-term combination antiretroviral therapy reach same mortality rates as the general population. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 46(1), 72–77. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318134257a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMahon, J. H., Wanke, C. A., Elliott, J. H., Skinner, S., & Tang, A. M. (2011). Repeated assessments of food security predict CD4 change in the setting of antiretroviral therapy. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 58(1), 60–63. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318227f8dd
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendoza, J. A., Matshaba, M., Makhanda, J., Liu, Y., Boitshwarelo, M., & Anabwani, G. M. (2014). Food insecurity and CD4% Among HIV+ children in Gaborone, Botswana. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 66(4), 414–418. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000000190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendoza, J. A., Paul, M. E., Schwarzwald, H., Liu, Y., Martinez, R., Nicklas, T. A., & Baranowski, T. (2013). Food insecurity, CD4 counts, and incomplete viral suppression among HIV+ patients from Texas Children’s Hospital: A pilot study. AIDS and Behavior, 17(5), 1683–1687. doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0419-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & Group, P. (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The prisma statement. International Journal of Surgery, 8(5), 336–341. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins, J. M. (1998). Marginal structural models. In American Statistical Association (Ed.), 1997 proceedings of the Section on Bayesian Statistical Science (pp. 1–10). Alexandria, VA.
   Google Scholar
• Robins, J. M. (1999). Marginal structural models versus structural nested models as tools for causal inference. In M. E. Halloran & D. Berry (Eds.), Statistical models in epidemiology: The environment and clinical trials (pp. 95–134). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Semba, R. D., & Tang, A. M. (1999). Micronutrients and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. British Journal of Nutrition, 81(3), 181–189. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10434844 doi: 10.1017/S0007114599000379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serrano, C., Laporte, R., Ide, M., Nouhou, Y., de Truchis, P., Rouveix, E., … Gastaut, J. A. (2010). Family nutritional support improves survival, immune restoration and adherence in HIV patients receiving ART in developing country. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 19(1), 68–75. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20199989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shankar, A. H., & Prasad, A. S. (1998). Zinc and immune function: The biological basis of altered resistance to infection. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 68(2 Suppl.), 447S–463S. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9701160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarwater, P. M., Margolick, J. B., Jin, J., Phair, J. P., Detels, R., Rinaldo, C., … Munoz, A. (2001). Increase and plateau of CD4 T-cell counts in the 3(1/2) years after initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 27(2), 168–175. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11404539 doi: 10.1097/00126334-200106010-00012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Victor, V. M., & De la Fuente, M. (2002). N-acetylcysteine improves in vitro the function of macrophages from mice with endotoxin-induced oxidative stress. Free Radical Research, 36(1), 33–45. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11999701 doi: 10.1080/10715760210160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, E. A., McGinnis, K. A., Fiellin, D. A., Goulet, J. L., Bryant, K., Gibert, C. L., … Team, V. P. (2011). Food insecurity is associated with poor virologic response among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral medications. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 26(9), 1012–1018. doi:10.1007/s11606-011-1723-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiser, S. D., Bangsberg, D. R., Kegeles, S., Ragland, K., Kushel, M. B., & Frongillo, E. A. (2009). Food insecurity among homeless and marginally housed individuals living with HIV/AIDS in San Francisco. AIDS and Behavior, 13(5), 841–848. doi:10.1007/s10461-009-9597-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiser, S. D., Frongillo, E. A., Ragland, K., Hogg, R. S., Riley, E. D., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2009). Food insecurity is associated with incomplete HIV RNA suppression among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 24(1), 14–20. doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0824-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiser, S. D., Palar, K., Frongillo, E. A., Tsai, A. C., Kumbakumba, E., Depee, S., … Bangsberg, D. R. (2014). Longitudinal assessment of associations between food insecurity, antiretroviral adherence and HIV treatment outcomes in rural Uganda. AIDS, 28(1), 115–120. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000433238.93986.35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiser, S. D., Tuller, D. M., Frongillo, E. A., Senkungu, J., Mukiibi, N., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2010). Food insecurity as a barrier to sustained antiretroviral therapy adherence in Uganda. PLoS One, 5(4), e10340. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010340
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiser, S. D., Yuan, C., Guzman, D., Frongillo, E. A., Riley, E. D., Bangsberg, D. R., & Kushel, M. B. (2013). Food insecurity and HIV clinical outcomes in a longitudinal study of urban homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals. AIDS, 27(18), 2953–2958. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000432538.70088.a3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, G. A., Shea, B., O’Connell, D., Peterson, J., Welch, V., Losos, M., & Tugwell, P. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Retrieved May 2015, from http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2013). Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection, recommendations for public health approach. Geneva: Author. Retrieved May 2015, from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85321/1/9789241505727_eng.pdf
   Google Scholar