References
- Alemu, H., Haile Mariam, D., Tsui, A., Ahmed, S., & Shewamare, A. (2012). Effect of depressive symptoms and social support on weight and CD4 count increase at HIV clinic in Ethiopia. AIDS Care, 24(7), 866–876. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2011.648160
- Amberbir, A., Woldemichael, K., Getachew, S., Girma, B., & Deribe, K. (2008). Predictors of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected persons: A prospective study in Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 265. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-265
- Balfour, L., Tasca, G. A., Kowal, J., Corace, K., Cooper, C. L., Angel, J. B., Garber, G., MacPherson, P. A., & Cameron, D. W. (2007). Development and validation of the HIV medication readiness scale. Assessment, 14(4), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107304295
- Bourdieu, P. (1987). What makes social class?: On the theoretical and practical existence of groups. Berkeley Journal of Sociology, 32, 1–8.
- Campbell, C., Scott, K., Nhamo, M., Nyamukapa, C., Madanhire, C., Skovdal, M., Sherr, L., & Gregson, S. (2013). Social capital and HIV competent communities: The role of community groups in managing HIV/AIDS in rural Zimbabwe. AIDS Care, 25(Suppl. 1), S114–S122. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2012.748170
- Campbell, C., Skovdal, M., Mupambireyi, Z., Madanhire, C., Nyamukapa, C., & Gregson, S. (2012). Building adherence-competent communities: Factors promoting children's adherence to anti-retroviral HIV/AIDS treatment in rural Zimbabwe. Health and Place, 18(2), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.07.008
- Campbell, C., Williams, B., & Gilgen, D. (2002). Is social capital a useful conceptual tool for exploring community level influences on HIV infection? An exploratory case study from South Africa. AIDS Care, 14(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540120220097928
- Cattell, V. (2001). Poor people, poor places, and poor health: The mediating role of social networks and social capital. Social Science and Medicine, 52(10), 1501–1516. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00259-8
- Catz, S. L., Kelly, J. A., Bogart, L. M., Benotsch, E. G., & McAuliffe, T. L. (2000). Patterns, correlates, and barriers to medication adherence among persons prescribed new treatments for HIV disease. Health Psychology, 19(2), 124–133. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.19.2.124
- Chang, L. W., Kagaayi, J., Nakigozi, G., Ssempijja, V., Packer, A. H., Serwadda, D., Quinn, T. C., Gray, R. H., Bollinger, R. C., Reynolds, S. J., & Kissinger, P. (2010). Effect of peer health workers on AIDS care in Rakai, Uganda: A cluster-randomized trial. PLoS One, 5(6), e10923. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010923
- Cohen, M. S., Doyle, W. U., Skoner, D. P., Rabin, B. S., & Gwaltney, J. M. (1997). Social ties and susceptibility to the common cold. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 277(24), 1940–1944. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03540480040036
- Coleman, J. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, S95–S120. https://doi.org/10.1086/228943
- Coleman, J. (1990). The foundations of social theory. Harvard University Press.
- Cousins, S. (2017). Number of new HIV infections is rising in Russia. BMJ, 358, j3543. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j3543
- Desrosiers, A., Blokhina, E., Krupitsky, E., Zvartau, E., Schottenfeld, R., & Chawarsky, M. (2017). Psychiatric symptoms, quality of life, and HIV status among people using opioids in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 172, 60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.007
- Edelman, E. J., Lunze, K., Cheng, D. M., Lioznov, D. A., Quinn, E., Gnatenko, N., Bridden, C., Chaisson, C. E., Walley, A. Y., Krupitsky, E. M., Raj, A., & Samet, J. H. (2017). HIV stigma and substance use among HIV-positive Russians with risky drinking. AIDS and Behavior, 21(9), 2618–2627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1832-4
- Erlen, J. A., Cha, E. S., Kim, K. H., Caruthers, D., & Sereika, S. M. (2010). The HIV medication taking self-efficacy scale: Psychometric evaluation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(11), 2560–2572. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05400.x
- Frumence, G., Killewo, J., Kwesigabo, G., Nystrom, L., Eriksson, M., & Emmelin, M. (2010). Social capital and the decline in HIV transmission – A case study in three villages in the Kagera region of Tanzania. SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS, 7(3), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2010.9724964
- Fuchs, E. R., Shapiro, R. Y., & Minnite, L. C. (2001). Social capital, political participation, and the urban community. In S. J. Seagert, P. Thompson, & M. R. Warren (Eds.), Social capital and poor communities (pp. 290–324). Russell Sage Foundation.
- Gibbs, A., Campbell, C., Akintola, O., & Colvin, C. (2015). Social contexts and building social capital for collective action: Three case studies of volunteers in the context of HIV and AIDS in South Africa. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 25(2), 110–122. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2199
- Goodness, T. M., Palfai, T. P., Cheng, D. M., Coleman, S. M., Bridden, C., Blokhina, E., Krupitsky, E., & Samet, J. H. (2014). Depressive symptoms and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation among HIV-infected Russian drinkers. AIDS and Behavior, 18(6), 1085–1093. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-013-0674-y
- Harris, J., Pillinger, M., Fromstein, D., Gomez, B., Garris, I., Kanetsky, P. A., Tebas, P., & Gross, R. (2011). Risk factors for medication non-adherence in an HIV infected population in the Dominican Republic. AIDS and Behavior, 15(7), 1410–1415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9781-1
- Holtgrave, D. R., & Crosby, R. A. (2003). Social capital, poverty, and income inequality as predictors of gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS case rates in the United States. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 79(1), 62–64. https://doi.org/10.1136/sti.79.1.62
- James, S. A., Schulz, A. J., & van Olphen, J. (2001). Social capital, poverty, and community health: An explanation of linkages. In S. J. Seagert, P. Thompson, & M. R. Warren (Eds.), Social capital and poor communities (pp. 165–186). Russell Sage Foundation.
- Johnson, M. D., Dilworth, S. E., Taylor, J. M., Darbes, L. A., Comfort, M. L., & Neilands, T. B. (2012). Primary relationships, HIV treatment adherence, and virologic control. AIDS and Behavior, 16(6), 1511–1521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-011-0021-0
- Julian, F. S., Martin, P., & Erickson, S. R. (2010). Validation of the special projects of national significance adherence tool in HIV/AIDS patients. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 44(6), 1003–1009. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1M690
- Kalichman, S. C., Amaral, C. M., Swetzes, C., Jones, M., Macy, R., Kalichman, M. O., & Cherry, C. (2009). A simple single-item rating scale to measure medication adherence: Further evidence for convergent validity. Journal of International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 8, 367–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545109709352884
- Kawachi, I., Subramanian, S. V., & Kim, D. (2008). Social capital and health. Springer.
- Khamarko, K., & Myers, J. J. (2013). The influence of social support on the lives of HIV-infected individuals in low- and middle-income countries. World Health Organization.
- Khumsaen, N., Aoup-Por, W., & Thammachak, P. (2012). Factors influencing quality of life among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Suphanburi Province, Thailand. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 23(1), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2011.01.003
- Kiriazova, T., Lunze, K., Raj, A., Bushara, N., Blokhina, E., Krupitsky, E., Bridden, C., Lioznov, D., Samet, J. H., & Gifford, A. L. (2017). “It is easier for me to shoot up”: Stigma, abandonment, and why HIV-positive drug users in Russia fail to link to HIV care. AIDS Care, 29(5), 559–563. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2016.1259451
- Knowlton, A. R., Arnsten, J. H., Gourevitch, M. N., Eldred, L., Wilkinson, J. D., Rose, C. D., Buchanan, A., & Purcell, D. W. (2007). Microsocial environmental influences on highly active antiretroviral therapy outcomes among active injection drug users: The role of informal caregiving and household factors. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 46(Suppl. 2), S110–S119. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e31815767f8
- Kuznetsova, A. V., Meylakhs, A. Y., Amirkhanian, Y. A., Kelly, J. A., Yakovlev, A. A., Musatov, V. B., & Amirkhanian, A. G. (2016). Barriers and facilitators of HIV care engagement: Results of a qualitative study in St. Petersburg, Russia. AIDS and Behavior, 20(10), 2433–2443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-015-1282-9
- Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.
- Lin, N. (1999a). Building a network theory of social capital. Connections, 22, 28–51. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315129457-1
- Lin, N. (1999b). Social networks and status attainment. Annual Review of Sociology, 25(1), 467–487. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.467
- Lin, N., Fu, Y. C., & Hsung, R. M. (2001). The position generator: Measurement techniques for investigations of social capital. In N. Lin, K. Cook, & S. Burt (Eds.), Social capital. Theory and research (pp. 57–81). Transaction.
- Malta, M., Strathdee, S. A., Magnanini, M. F., & Bastos, F. I. (2008). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome among drug users: A systematic review. Addiction, 103(8), 1242–1257. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02269.x
- Pecoraro, A., Mimiaga, M., O’Cleirigh, C., Safren, J., Blokhina, E., Verbitskaya, E., Yaroslavtseva, T., Ustinov, A., Lioznov, D. A., Zvartau, E., Krupitsky, E., & Woody, G. E. (2015). Depression, substance use, viral load, and CD4+ count among patients who continued or left antiretroviral therapy for HIV in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. AIDS Care, 27(1), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.959464
- Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S., & Anderson, J. (2010). Antiretroviral treatment adherence among HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health, 10(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-111
- Poundstone, K. E., Strathdee, S. A., & Celentano, D. D. (2004). The social epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Epidemiologic Reviews, 26(1), 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxh005
- Putnam, R. D. (1993). Making democracy work: Civic traditions in modern Italy. Princeton University Press.
- Ransome, Y., Batson, A., Galea, S., Kawachi, I., Nash, D., & Mayer, K. H. (2017). The relationship between higher social trust and lower late HIV diagnosis and mortality differs by race/ethnicity: Results from a state-level analysis. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 20(1), 21442. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.20.01/21442
- Ransome, Y., Galea, S., Pabayo, R., Kawachi, I., Braunstein, S., & Nash, D. (2016). Social capital is associated with late HIV diagnosis: An ecological analysis. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 73(2), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000001043
- Ransome, Y., Kawachi, I., & Dean, L. T. (2017). Neighborhood social capital in relation to late HIV diagnosis, linkage to HIV care, and HIV care engagement. AIDS and Behavior, 21(3), 891–904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1581-9
- Remien, R. H., Hirky, A. E., Johnson, M. D., Weinhardt, L. S., Whittier, D., & Le, G. M. (2003). Adherence to medication treatment: A qualitative study of facilitators and barriers among a diverse sample of HIV+ men and women in four US cities. AIDS and Behavior, 7(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022513507669
- Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Stein, J. A., Jiraphongsa, C., Khumtong, S., Lee, S. J., & Li, L. (2010). Benefits of family and social relationships for Thai parents living with HIV. Prevention Science, 11(3), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-009-0165-6
- Russian Federal AIDS Center. (2015). HIV infection: Informational Bulletin #40. [In Russian]. Moscow, Russia. 2015. http://www.hivrussia.ru/files/bul_40.pdf
- Russian Federal AIDS Center. (2017). HIV infection in Russian Federation in 2017. Retrieved from: http://aids-centr.perm.ru/images/4/hiv_in_russia/hiv_in_rf_31.12.2017.pdf
- Simoni, J. M., Frick, P. A., & Huang, B. (2006). A longitudinal evaluation of a social support model of medication adherence among HIV-positive men and women on antiretroviral therapy. Health Psychology, 25(1), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.25.1.74
- Tiyou, A., Belachew, T., Alemseged, F., & Biadgilign, S. (2010). Predictors of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in resource-limited setting of southwest Ethiopia. AIDS Research and Therapy, 7(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-6405-7-39
- UNAIDS. (1998). HIV infections in Eastern Europe.
- UNAIDS. (2018). UNAIDS data 2018.
- Villalonga-Olives, E., Wind, T. R., & Kawachi, I. (2018). Social capital interventions in public health: A systematic review. Social Science and Medicine, 212, 203–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.07.022
- Ware, N. C., Idoko, J., Kaaya, S., Biraro, I. A., Wyatt, M., Agbaji, O., Chalamilla, G., & Bangsberg, D. R. (2009). Explaining adherence success in Sub-Saharan Africa: An ethnographic study. PLoS Medicine, 6, e10000011.
- Wills, T. A., & Fegan, M. F. (2001). Social networks and social support. In A. Baum, T. A. Revenson, & J. E. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of health psychology (pp. 209–234). Erlbaum.
- Wohl, A. R., Galvan, F. H., Myers, H. F., Garland, W., George, S., Witt, M., Cadden, J., Operskalski, E., Jordan, W., Carpio, F., & Lee, M. L. (2011). Do social support, stress, disclosure and stigma influence retention in HIV care for Latino and African American men who have sex with men and women? AIDS and Behavior, 15(6), 1098–1110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-010-9833-6