References
- Adeoti, A. O., Dada, M. U., & Fadare, J. O. (2018). Prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in people living with HIV/AIDS in a tertiary hospital in south western Nigeria. Medical Representative Case Study, 3, 150. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4172/2572-5130.10001
- Andriote, J. M., & Roy, K. F. (2012). HIV and anxiety. Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjYuImR48DpAhWzBGMBHYl2AOUQFjABegQIDBAD&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychiatry.org%2FFile%2520Library%2FPsychiatrists%2FPractice%2FProfessional-Topics%2FHIV-Psychiatry%2FFactSheet-Anxiety-2012.pdf&usg = AOvVaw28YTcNaNY34H17FOIlK9Ft
- Anochie, P. I., Afoche, E., Onyeneke, E. C., Onyeozirika, A. C., Okoihue, A., & Ogu, A. C. (2014). Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of anti-retroviral drugs used in the clinical management of HIV/AIDS infection. Journal of HIV for Clinical and Scientific Research, 2(1), 023–029. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-3786.000010
- Aweto, H. A., Aiyegbusi, A. I., Ugonabo, A. J., & Adeyemo, T. A. (2016). Effects of aerobic exercise on the pulmonary functions, respiratory symptoms and psychological status of people living with HIV. Journal of Research in Health Sciences, 16(1), 17–21.
- Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Garbin, M. G. (1988). Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7358(88)90050-5
- Ciccolo, J. T., Jowers, E. M., & Bartholomew, J. B. (2004). The benefits of exercise training for quality of life in HIV/AIDS in the post-HAART era. Sports Medicine, 34(8), 487–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200434080-00001
- Ciesla, J. A., & Roberts, J. E. (2001). Meta-analysis of the relationship between HIV infection and risk for depressive disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(5), 725–730.
- Cohen, M., Hellmann, N., Levy, J., DeCock, K., & Lange, J. (2008). The spread, treatment, and prevention of HIV-1: Evolution of a global pandemic. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(4), 1244–1254. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI34706
- Debalkie-Animut, M., Sorrie, M. B., Birhanu, Y. W., & Teshale, M. Y. (2019). High prevalence of neurocognitive disorders observed among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One, 14(3), e0204636. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204636
- Dianatinasab, M., Fararouei, M., Padehban, V., Dianatinasab, A., Alimohamadi, Y., Beheshti, S., AminiLari, Z., & AminiLari, M. (2018). The effect of a 12-week combinational exercise program on CD4 count and mental health among HIV infected women: A randomized control trial. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 16(1), 21–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2018.02.001
- Dudgeon, W. D., Phillips, K. D., Bopp, C. M., & Hand, G. A. (2004). Physiological and psychological effects of exercise interventions in HIV disease. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 18(2), 81–98. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1089/108729104322802515
- Egbe, C. O., Dakum, P. S., Ekong, E., Kohrt, B. A., Minto, J. G., & Ticao, C. J. (2017). Depression, suicidality, and alcohol use disorder among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 542. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4467-5
- Eller, L. S., Rivero-Mendez, M., Voss, J., Chen, W. T., Chaiphibalsarisdi, P., Iipinge, S., Johnson, M. O., Portillo, C. J., Corless, I. B., Sullivan, K., Tyer-Viola, L., Kemppainen, J., Rose, C. D., Sefcik, E., Nokes, K., Phillips, J. C., Kirksey, K., Nicholas, P. K., Wantland, D., … Brion, J. M. (2014). Depressive symptoms, self-esteem, HIV symptom management self-efficacy and self-compassion in people living with HIV. AIDS Care, 26(7), 795–803. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2013.841842
- Fennel, C., Peroutky, P., & Glickman, E. L. (2016). Effects of supervised training compared to unsupervised training on physical activity, muscular endurance and cardiovascular parameters. Moj Orthopedics & Rheumatology, 5(4), 00184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15406/mojor.2016.05.00184
- Fillipas, S., Oldmeadow, L. B., Bailey, M. J., & Cherry, C. L. (2006). A six-month, supervised, aerobic and resistance exercise program improves self-efficacy in people with human immunodeficiency virus: A randomised controlled trial. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 52(3), 185–190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(06)70027-7
- Grace, J. M., Semple, S. J., & Combrink, S. (2015). Exercise therapy for human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS patients: Guidelines for clinical exercise therapists. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 13(1), 49–56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2014.10.003
- Gujral, S., Aizenstein, H., Reynolds, C. F., Butters 3rd, M. A., & Erickson, K. I. (2017). Exercise effects on depression: Possible neural mechanisms. General Hospital Psychiatry, 49, 2–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.04.012
- Hand, G. A., Lyerly, G. W., Jaggers, J. R., & Dudgeon, W. D. (2009). Impact of aerobic and resistance exercise on the health of HIV-infected persons. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 3(6), 489–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827609342198
- John, D. O., Tella, B. A., Olawale, O. A., John, J. N., Adeyemo, T. A., & Okezue, O. C. (2018). Effects of a 6-week aerobic exercise programme on the cardiovascular parameters, body composition, and quality of life of people living with human immune virus. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 14(5), 891–898. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836306.153
- Kalan, E.M., Han, J, Taleb, Z.B., Fennie, K.P., Jafarabadi, M., Dastopoor, M., Hajhashemi, N., Naseh, M., & Rinaz , S. (2019). Quality of life and stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS in Iran. HIV/AIDS, 11, 287–298. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S221512
- Lin, T. W., & Kuo, Y. M. (2013). Exercise benefits brain function: The monoamine connection. Brain Sciences, 3(4), 39–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci3010039
- Looby, S. E., Psaros, C., Raggio, G., Rivard, C., Smeaton, L., Shifren, J., Grinspoon, S., & Joffe, H. (2018). Association between HIV status and psychological symptoms in perimenopausal women. Menopause, 25(6), 648–656. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000001058
- Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brahler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008). Validation and standardization of the generalized anxiety disorder screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Medical Care, 46(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318160d093
- Maduagwu, S. M., Gashau, W., Balami, A., Kaidal, A., Oyeyemi, A. Y., Danue, B. A., Umeonwuka, C. I., & Akanbi, O. A. (2017). Aerobic exercise improves quality of life and CD4 cell counts in HIV seropositives in Nigeria. Journal of Human Virology & Retrovirology, 5(3), Article 00151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15406/jhvrv.2017.05.00151
- Mahadevan, A., Shankar, S. K., Satishchandra, P., Ranga, U., Chickabasaviah, Y. T., Santosh, V., Vasanthapuram, R., Pardo, C. A., Nath, A., & Zink, M. C. (2007). Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells in infiltrates associated with CNS opportunistic infections in patients with HIV clade C infection. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 66(9), 799–808. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181461d3e
- Mahlasera, R. T. (2020). The psychological impact of HIV. Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.aids2020.org/the-psychological-impact-of-hiv/
- Marcus, M., Yasamy, M. T., Ommeren, M. V., Chisholm, D., & Saxena, S. (2012). Depression: A public health concern. WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse. Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.who.int/mental_health/management/depression/who_paper_depression_wfmh_2012.pdf
- Mbonu, N. C., van den Borne, B., & De Vries, N. K. (2009). Stigma of people with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: A literature review. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2009, 1–14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/145891
- National Institute of Mental Health. (2016). HIV/AIDS and mental health. Retrieved June 14, 2020, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/hiv-aids/index.shtml
- Neidig, J. L., Smith, B. A., & Brashers, D. E. (2003). Aerobic exercise training for depressive symptom management in adults living with HIV infection. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 14(2), 30–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1055329002250992
- Ngocho, J. S., Watt, M. H., Minja, L., Knettel, B. A., Mmbaga, B. T., Williams, P. P., Sorsdahl, K., & Yotebieng, M. (2019). Depression and anxiety among pregnant women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania. PLoS One, 14(10), e0224515. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224515
- Obadeji, A., Ogunlesi, A., & Adebowale, T. (2014). Prevalence and predictors of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS attending an outpatient clinic in Nigeria. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 8(1), 26–31.
- O'Brien, K., Nixon, S., Tynan, A. M., & Glazier, R. (2010). Aerobic exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2010(8), CD001796. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.
- Odunaiya, N. A., & Oguntibeju, O. O. (2013). Physical activity in the management of diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus – insights and perspectives, Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5772/55522. https://www.intechopen.com/books/diabetes-mellitus-insights-and-perspectives/physical-activity-in-the-management-of-diabetes-mellitus
- Russo-Neustadt, A. A., Beard, R. C., Huang, Y. M., & Cotman, C. W. (2000). Physical activity and antidepressant treatment potentiate the expression of specific brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts in the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience, 101(2), 305–312. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00349-3
- Schwandt, M., Harris, J. E., Thomas, S., Keightley, M., Snaiderman, A., & Colantonio, A. (2012). Feasibility and effect of aerobic exercise for lowering depressive symptoms among individuals with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 27(2), 99–103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0b013e31820e6858
- Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized self-efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston (Eds.), Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35–37). Windsor, England: NFER-NELSON
- Suleiman, A. A. (2007). Socio-cultural factors influencing the prevalence, care and support in HIV/AIDS among the Yoruba of Southwestern Nigeria. African Journal of Health Sciences, 14(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4314/ajhs.v14i1.30848.
- Tran, B. X., Ho, R., Ho, C., Latkin, C. A., Phan, H. T., Ha, G. H., Vu, G. T., Ying, J., & Zhang, M. (2019). Depression among patients with HIV/AIDS: Research development and effective interventions (GAPRESEARCH). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), 1772. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16101772
- UNAIDS. (2014). Gap report. Retrieved May 19, 2020, from https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/20140716_UNAIDS_gap_report
- UNAIDS. (2019). Global HIV and AIDS statistics-2019 fact sheet. Retrieved May 12, 2020, from https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet