Towards a feminist praxis and pedagogy in higher education: knowledge-building and social action in Pakistan

References

• Abu-Lughod, Lila. 2002. “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its Others.” American Anthropologist 104 (3): 783–90. https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2002.104.3.783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angel-Ajani, Asale, and Victoria Sanford. 2006. Engaged Observer: Anthropology, Advocacy, and Activism. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Asher, Kiran, and Priti Ramamurthy. 2020. “Rethinking Decolonial and Postcolonial Knowledges beyond Regions to Imagine Transnational Solidarity.” Hypatia 35 (June): 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1017/hyp.2020.9.
   Google Scholar
• Bayat, Asef. 2007. “Islamism and the Politics of Fun.” Public Culture 19 (3): 433–59. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2007-004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhabha, K. Homi. 1990. “The Third Space.” In Identity: Community, Culture, Difference, edited by Jonathan Rutherford, 207–21. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
   Google Scholar
• Bhabha, K. Homi. 1994. The Location of Culture. London and New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2021. Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. London: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, Gavin, and Jenny Pickerill. 2009. “Editorial: Activism and Emotional Sustainability.” Emotion, Space and Society 2 (1): 1–3. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2009.05.005.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, J. P. 1997. The Psychic Life of Power: Theories in Subjection. Stanford, CA: Stanford: Stanford University Press, 218.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, J., Z. Gambetti, and L. Sabsay. 2016. “Rethinking Vulnerability and Resistance.” In Vulnerability in Resistance, edited by J. Butler, Z. Gambetti, and L. Sabsay, 1–11. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Certeau, M. de, and S. F. Rendall. 2011. The Practice of Everyday Life. The Practice of Everyday Life. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Charmaz, K. 2014. Constructing Grounded Theory. Introducing Qualitative Methods Series. London: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Chatterjee, Partha. 1989. “Colonialism, Nationalism, and Colonialized Women: The Contest in India.” American Ethnologist 16 (4): 622–33. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1989.16.4.02a00020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheema, Iqra Shagufta. 2023. “Mera Jism, Meri Marzi: Crisis of Consent and Digital Mediations in Pakistan.” In Consent. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Choudry, Aziz. 2015. Learning Activism: The Intellectual Life of Contemporary Social Movements. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Choudry, Aziz, and Dip Kapoor. 2010. “Learning from the Ground Up: Global Perspectives on Social Movements and Knowledge Production.” In Learning from the Ground Up: Global Perspectives on Social Movements and Knowledge Production, edited by Aziz Choudry, and Dip Kapoor, 1–13. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US.
   Google Scholar
• Choudry, Aziz, and Salim Vally. 2020. The University and Social Justice: Struggles across the Globe. Toronto: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cunliffe, Ann L., and Geetha Karunanayake. 2013. “Working Within Hyphen-Spaces in Ethnographic Research: Implications for Research Identities and Practice.” Organizational Research Methods 16 (3): 364–92. http://doi.org/10.1177/1094428113489353.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawn News. 2019. “Lums Hopes for “culture of Respect” on Campus as Sexist Facebook Group by Students Is Exposed”. DAWN.COM. 2019. https://www.dawn.com/news/1474960.
   Google Scholar
• Dawn News. 2020. “Peshawar Varsity Female Students Protest “Harassment” by Teachers”. DAWN.COM. 2020. https://www.dawn.com/news/1589929.
   Google Scholar
• Desai, Rajiv. 2020. “Why Indian Women Protesters Sang a Chilean Anti-Rape Anthem”. 2020. https://www.theswaddle.com/why-indian-women-protesters-sang-a-chilean-anti-rape-anthem.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, Griff. 1999. “Learning in Social Action : A Contribution to Understanding Informal Education.” In Global Perspectives on Adult Education and Training, edited by B. Hall, C. Medel Anonuevo, and G. Foley. Bonn: IIZ-DVV.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, M. 1977. Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. First American edition. New York: Pantheon Books.
   Google Scholar
• Foucault, M. 1978. The history of sexuality. First American edition. New York: Pantheon Books.
   Google Scholar
• Hamdani, Kazim. 2021. “Explainer: Why Is the Aurat March so Controversial?” The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2285540/explainer-why-is-the-aurat-march-so-controversial.
   Google Scholar
• Hinsliff, Gabby. 2020. “‘The Rapist Is You!’: Why a Chilean Protest Chant Is Being Sung around the World | Rape and Sexual Assault | The Guardian”. 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/feb/03/the-rapist-is-you-chilean-protest-song-chanted-around-the-world-un-iolador-en-tu-camino.
   Google Scholar
• Holst, J. D. 2002. Social Movements, Civil Society, and Radical Adult Education. Critical Studies in Education and Culture Series. Bloomsbury Academic. hooks, bell. 2014. Teaching To Transgress. Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Holvikivi, Aiko, and Niharika Pandit. 2022. “Imagining Another University through Feminist Pedagogies”. Engenderings (blog). 16 February 2022.
   Google Scholar
• hooks, bell. 2014. Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom. London: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Hussen, Tamara, and Tigist Shewarega Shefer. 2020. “Critical Reflections on #MeToo in Contemporary South Africa through an African Feminist Lens.” In The Routledge Handbook of the Politics of the #MeToo Movement, edited by G. Chandra and I. Erlingsdóttir. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Imran, Rahat, and Imran Munir. 2018. “Defying Marginalization: Emergence of Women’s Organizations and the Resistance Movement in Pakistan: A Historical Overview.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 19 (6): 132–56.
   Google Scholar
• Ingalls, Rebecca. 2012. “'Stealing the Air': The Poet-Citizens of Youth Spoken-Word.” The Journal of Popular Culture 45 (1): 99–117. http://doi.org/10.1111/jpcu.2012.45.issue-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson, Anna, and Stellan Vinthagen. 2019. Conceptualizing ‘Everyday Resistance’: A Transdisciplinary Approach. 1st ed. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Juris, Jeffrey S. 2008. “Performing Politics: Image, Embodiment, and Affective Solidarity during Anti-Corporate Globalization Protests.” Ethnography 9 (1): 61–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1466138108088949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiwal, Laila. 2021. “Feminists against Fascism: The Indian Female Muslim Protest in India.” Education Sciences 11 (12): 793. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11120793.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khoja-Moolji, S. 2018. Forging the Ideal Educated Girl: The Production of Desirable Subjects in Muslim South Asia. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kirmani, Nida. 2020. “Can Fun Be Feminist? Gender, Space and Mobility in Lyari, Karachi.” South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 43 (2): 319–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2020.1716533.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lok Sujag. 2023. “Hum Gunahgar Aurtein OST”. Uploaded on June 17, 2023. YouTube video, 2:30min. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U927KDgmN-s.
   Google Scholar
• Lorde, A. 1984. Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches. Crossing Press Feminist Series, v. 10. Crossing Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lugones, María. 2010. “Toward a Decolonial Feminism.” Hypatia 25 (October): 742–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2010.01137.x.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, G. T. 2009. “A Tack in the Shoe and Taking off the Shoe Neutralization and Counter-neutralization Dynamics.” Surveillance & Society 6 (3): 294–306. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v6i3.3286.
   Google Scholar
• McKittrick, Katherine. 2006. Demonic Grounds: Black Women And the Cartographies of Struggle. United Kingdom: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Medina, José. 2012. The Epistemology of Resistance. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mignolo, Walter D. 2006. “Islamophobia/Hispanophobia.” Human Architecture 1: 13–28.
   Google Scholar
• Mitra, Royona. 2015. Akram Khan: Dancing New Interculturalism. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Mohanty, Chandra Talpade. 1988. “Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses.” Feminist Review 30: 61–88. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.1988.42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohanty, Chandra Talpade, Ann Russo, and Lourdes Torres, eds. 1991. Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nagar, Richa. 2006. Playing with Fire: Feminist Thought and Activism Through Seven Lives in India. G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nagar, Richa. 2013. “Storytelling and Co-Authorship in Feminist Alliance Work: Reflections from a Journey.” Gender, Place & Culture 20 (1): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2012.731383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagar, Richa. 2014. Muddying the Waters: Coauthoring Feminisms across Scholarship and Activism. Dissident Feminisms. Urbana, Chicago, and Springfield: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Paris, D., and M. T. Winn. 2013. Humanizing research: decolonizing qualitative inquiry with youth and communities. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, Leigh. 2015. Decolonizing Educational Research: From Ownership to Answerability. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Phadke, S., S. Khan, and S. Ranade. 2011. Why Loiter?: Women and Risk On Mumbai Streets. New Delhi, India; New York: Penguin.
   Google Scholar
• Pitts-Taylor, L. V. 2003. In the Flesh: The Cultural Positions of Body Modification. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Quijano, Aníbal. 2000. “Coloniality of Power and Eurocentrism in Latin America.” International Sociology 15 (2): 215–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580900015002005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehman, Zoya. 2019. “Aurat March and Undisciplined Bodies”: Medium (blog). 26 July 2019. https://medium.com/@zoya_rehman/aurat-march-and-undisciplined-bodies-f6f23ada0318.
   Google Scholar
• Rouse, Shahnaz. 2006. Gender, Nation, State in Pakistan: Shifting Body Politics. Lahore: Vanguard Books.
   Google Scholar
• Saeed, F. 2020. On Their Own Terms: Early Twenty-First Century Women’s Movements in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Saigol, Rubina. 2016. “Feminism and the Women’s Movement in Pakistan”, 60.
   Google Scholar
• Saigol, Rubina, and Nida Usman Chaudhary. 2021. Contradictions and Ambiguities of Feminism in Pakistan: Exploring the Fourth Wave. First edition. Islamabad: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES).
   Google Scholar
• Scott, James. 2008. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. Sociologia (E-Libro). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shaheed, Farida. 2016. “The Women’s Movement in Pakistan: Challenges and Achievements”, 26.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Linda Tuhiwai. 1999. Decolonizing Methodologies : Research and Indigenous Peoples. London; New York: Zed Books; Dunedin: University of Otago Press; New York.
   Google Scholar
• Tarlau, Rebecca. 2014. “From a Language to a Theory of Resistance: Critical Pedagogy, the Limits of “Framing,” and Social Change.” Educational Theory 64 (4): 369–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/edth.12067.
   Google Scholar
• Tuck, Eve. 2009. “Suspending Damage: A Letter to Communities.” Harvard Educational Review 79 (3): 409–28. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.3.n0016675661t3n15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urla, Jacqueline, and Justin Helepololei. 2014. “The Ethnography of Resistance Then and Now: On Thickness and Activist Engagement in the Twenty-First Century.” History and Anthropology 25 (4): 431–51. http://doi.org/10.1080/02757206.2014.930456.
   Google Scholar
• Waheed, Alia. 2021. “Pakistan Reckons with Its “Gender Terrorism Epidemic” after Murder of Noor Mukadam”. The Guardian, 2 August 2021, sec. Global development. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/aug/02/pakistan-reckons-with-its-gender-terrorism-epidemic-after-of-noor-mukadam.
   Google Scholar
• Warren, Kay B. 2006. “Perils and Promises of Engaged Anthropology: Historical Transitions and Ethnographic Dilemmas.” In Engaged Observer: Anthropology, Advocacy and Activism, edited by Victoria Sanford and Asale Angel-Ajani, 213–27. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wietz, R. 2001. “Women and Their Hair: Seeking Power through Resistance and Accommodation.” Gender & Society 15 (5): 667–686. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124301015005003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zia, Afiya Shehrbano. 2009. “The Reinvention of Feminism in Pakistan.” Feminist Review 91: 29–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zia, Afiya Shehrbano. 2022. “Feminists as Cultural 'Assassinators' of Pakistan.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 24 (2): 3–6.
   Google Scholar