104
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
The Islamic opposition

Egypt's struggle against the militant Islamic groups

Pages 43-61 | Published online: 21 Dec 2007

Notes

  • Ayalon , Ami . 1984 . “ ‘Egypt’ ” . In Middle East Contemporary Survey, Vol. 7 (1982–83) , Edited by: Legum , Shaked and Dishon . 425 NY : Holmes & Meier .
  • 1995 . Ha'aretz , 5 July
  • Berger , Morroe . 1970 . Islam in Egypt Today: Social and Political Aspects of Popular Religion , Cambridge : CUP .
  • Altman , I. 1979 . ‘Islamic Movements in Egypt’ . Jerusalem Quarterly , 10 Winter : 87 – 108 .
  • Humphreys , R.S. 1979 . ‘Islam and Political Values in Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Syria’ . Middle East Journal , 33 ( 1 ) Winter : 1 – 19 .
  • Dekmejian , R.H. 1980 . ‘The Anatomy of Islamic Revival and the Search for Islamic Alternatives’ . Middle East Jnl , 34 ( 1 ) Winter : 1 – 12 .
  • Crecelius , Daniel . 1980 . “ ‘The Course of Secularization in Modern Egypt’ ” . In Islam and Development: Religion and Sociopolitical Change , Edited by: Esposito , John L. 49 – 70 . Syracuse : SUP .
  • Ibrahim , Saad Eddin . 1982 . “ ‘Islamic Militancy as a Social Movement: The Case of Two Groups in Egypt’ ” . In Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World , Edited by: Hillal Dessouki , Ali E. 117 – 37 . NY : Praeger .
  • Ajami , F. 1983 . “ ‘In the Pharaoh's Shadow: Religion and Authority in Egypt’ ” . In Islam in the Political Process , Edited by: Piscatori , James P. 12 – 35 . Cambridge : CUP .
  • Gomaa , Ahmed . 1983 . “ ‘Islamic Fundamentalism in Egypt During the 1930s and 1970s: Comparative Notes’ ” . In Nationalism and Radicalism in Egypt and the Sudan , Edited by: Warburg , Gerald and Kupferschmidt , Uri . 143 – 58 . NY : Praeger .
  • Ansari , H. 1984 . ‘Sectarian Conflict in Egypt and the Political Expediency of Religion’ . Middle East Jnl , 38 ( 3 ) Summer : 397 – 418 .
  • 1984 . ‘The Islamic Militants in Egyptian Polities’ . International Jnl of Middle Eastern Studies , 16 : 123 – 44 . idem.
  • Kepel , Gilles . 1985 . The Prophet and Pharaoh: Muslim Extremism in Egypt , London : Al Saqi Books .
  • Sid‐Ahmed , M. 1987–88 . ‘Egypt: The Islamic Issue’ . Foreign Policy , 69 Winter : 22 – 39 .
  • Sivan , E. 1987 . ‘The Islamic Republic of Egypt’ . Orbis , 31 ( 1 ) Spring : 43 – 54 .
  • Kuperschmidt , U. 1987 . ‘Reformist and Militant Islam in Urban and Rural Egypt’ . Middle Eastern Studies , 23 Oct.
  • Ibrahim , S.E. 1988 . ‘Egypt's Islamic Activism in the 1980s’ . Third World Quarterly , 10 : 632 – 57 .
  • Sonbol , A. 1988 . “ ‘Egypt’ ” . In The Politics of Islamic Revivalism , Edited by: Hunter , Shireen T. Bloomington : Indiana UP .
  • Rubin , Barry . 1990 . Islamic Fundamentalism in Egyptian Politics , London : Macmillan .
  • Auda , Gehad . 1991 . “ ‘An Uncertain Response: The Islamic Movement in Egypt’ ” . In Islamic Fundamentalisms and the Gulf Crisis , Edited by: Piscatori . 109 – 30 . Chicago : The Fundamentalism Project of the American Academy of the Arts and Sciences .
  • Voll , J. 1991 . “ ‘Fundamentalism in the Sunni Arab World: Egypt and the Sudan’ ” . In Fundamentalism Observed , Edited by: Marty , Martin E. and Appelby , R. Scott . 345 – 402 . Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • Reed , S. 1993 . ‘The Battle for Egypt’ . Foreign Affairs , 72 ( 4 ) Sept.‐Oct. : 94 – 107 .
  • Dunn , M.C. 1993 . ‘Fundamentalism in Egypt’ . Middle East Policy , 2
  • Ramadan , Abdel Azim . 1993 . “ ‘Fundamentalist Influence in Egypt: The Strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Takfir Groups’ ” . In Fundamentalism and the State , Edited by: Marty and Appelby . 152 – 83 . Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • Sullivan , D. 1994 . “ ‘Islam and Development in Egypt: Civil Society and the State’ ” . In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case‐Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries Edited by: Mutalib , Hussin and ul‐Islam , Taj . 211 – 31 . London
  • Auda , Gehad . 1994 . “ ‘The “Normalization” of the Islamic Movement in Egypt from the 1970s to the Early 1990s’ ” . In Accounting for Fundamentalism , Edited by: Marty and Appelby . Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • Hillal Dessouki , Ali E. , ed. 1982 . “ ‘Islamic Militancy as a Social Movement: The Case of Two Groups in Egypt’ ” . In Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World , 117 NY : Praeger .
  • Podeh , E. 1995 . The Quest for Hegemony on the Arab World: The Struggle over the Baghdad Pact , Leiden : E.J. Brill .
  • 1995 . ‘Cassandra’, ‘The Impending Crisis in Egypt’ . Middle East Journal , 49 ( 1 ) Winter : 9 – 27 .
  • Abed‐Kotob , Sana . 1995 . ‘The Accommodationists Speak: Goals and Strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt’ . International Journal of Middle East Studies , 27 : 321 – 39 .
  • Esposito , John L. , ed. 1983 . Voices of Resurgent Islam , 11 NY : Oxford UP .
  • 1994 . ‘Political Islam: Beyond the Green Menace’ . Current History , Jan. : 20 idem.
  • Ansari , H. 1984 . ‘The Islamic Militants in Egypian Polities’ . Int Jnl of Middle Eastern Studies , 16 : 123
  • Auda , Gehad . 1994 . “ ‘The “Normalization” of the Islamic Movement in Egypt from the 1970s to the Early 1990s’ ” . In Accounting for Fundamentalism , Edited by: Marty and Appelby . 375 Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • Voll , J. 1991 . “ ‘Fundamentalism in the Sunni Arab World: Egypt and the Sudan’ ” . In Fundamentalism Observed , Edited by: Marty and Appelby . 347 – 66 . Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • Sivan , Emmanuel . 1985 . Radical Islam , New Haven, CT : Yale UP .
  • Haddad , Y. “ ‘Sayyid Qutb: Ideologue of Islamic Revival’ ” . Edited by: Esposito , John . 67 – 98 . (note 7)
  • The Economist Intelligence Unit . April 1994 . Country Report April , 9 Egypt
  • 1993 . Sabah al‐Khayr (Cairo) , 22 April
  • 1991 . Sawt al‐Kuwait al‐Duwali (London) , 23 May
  • Sivan , E. 1987 . ‘The Islamic Republic of Egypt’ . Orbis , 31 ( 1 ) Spring : 46
  • 1993 . Al‐Haqiqa (Cairo) , 2 Jan.
  • Ramadan , Abdel Azim . 1993 . “ ‘Fundamentalist Influence in Egypt: The Strategies of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Takfir Groups’ ” . In Fundamentalism and the State , Edited by: Marty and Appelby . 152 Chicago : U. of Chicago Press .
  • 1993 . Ruz al‐Yusuf (Cairo) , 31 May
  • Dekmejian , R.H. 1985 . Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World , 96 Syracuse : SUP .
  • 1993 . Ruz al‐Yusuf , 17 May
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 22 Aug.
  • 1993 . al‐Hayat (London) , 5 Nov.
  • Sullivan , D. 1994 . “ ‘Islam and Development in Egypt: Civil Society and the State’ ” . In Islam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case‐Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries Edited by: Mutalib , Hussin and ul‐Islam , Taj . 211 London
  • Esposito . 1992 . The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality , 100 NY : OUP .
  • Esposito . “ ‘Beyond the Green Menace’ ” . 21 (note 7)
  • 1994 . Country Report ’Egypt’ , December
  • 1993 . Akhbar al‐Yawm , 11 Dec.
  • 1993 . Financial Times , 16 Feb.
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 31 March
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 10 June
  • 1993 . Washington Post , 11 July
  • 1993 . Middle East Int , 10 Sept.
  • 1994 . Country Report ’Egypt’ , December : 10
  • Agence‐France Presse , 2 Jan. (hereafter, AFP)
  • 1993 . Daily Report , 4 Jan. (hereafter DR)
  • 1992 . Al‐Musawwar , 24–25 Dec.
  • 1993 . DR , 1 March
  • 1993 . New York Times , 27–28 Feb.
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 28 Feb., 1 March
  • Ghurdaqa . MENA , 6 Jan.
  • 1993 . DR , 8 Jan.
  • 1993 . DR , 21 July
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 19 July
  • 1993 . New York Times , 19 July
  • 1994 . ‘Egypt’ Country Report , December : 9
  • 1993 . DR , 9 July
  • 1993 . New York Times , 18 July
  • 1993 . Middle East Int , 10 Sept.
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 3 March
  • 1993 . al‐Ahali , 8 March
  • ‘Abd al‐Rahman's message to his followers on the occasion of ‘Id al‐Fitr . AFP , 24 March
  • 1993 . DR , 25 March
  • 1993 . DR , 10 Dec.
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 12 Dec.
  • Ibrahim , Saad Eddin . 1988 . ‘Egypt's Islamic Activism in the 1980s’ . Third World Qtly , 10 : 651
  • 1993 . DR , 24 May
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 23 May
  • 1993 . Ha ‘aretz , 24 May
  • 1993 . Middle East Int , 28 May
  • 1993 . DR , 21 June
  • 1993 . New York Times , 20 June
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 20 June
  • 1993 . Middle East Int , 25 June
  • 1993 . Sabah al‐Khayr , 22 April
  • 1993 . Country Report ’Egypt’ , December
  • Radio Cairo , 25 Jan. (hereafter R. Cairo)
  • 1993 . DR , 22 July
  • 1993 . DR , 10 Feb., 2 April
  • 1993 . Al‐Musawwar , 24 Sept.
  • 1993 . Der Spiegel , 25 Jan.
  • 1993 . MENA , 12, 30 March
  • 1993 . DR , 12, 30 March
  • 1993 . al‐Jumhuriyya (Cairo) , 13 March.
  • 1993 . The Times , 2 April
  • 1993 . Le Figaro , 10 April
  • 1993 . R. Cairo , 26 April
  • 1993 . DR , 27 April
  • 1993 . R. Cairo , 1 May
  • 1993 . ‐DR , 3 May
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram al‐Masa'i , 27 May
  • 1993 . Akhbar al‐Yawm , 11 Dec.
  • 1993 . Financial Times, Washington Post, Ha'aretz, New York Times , 11 March
  • 1993 . MENA , 18 March
  • 1993 . DR , 19 March
  • 1993 . AFP , 17 Feb.
  • 1993 . DR , 18 Feb.
  • 1993 . MENA , 23 May
  • 1993 . DR , 24 May
  • 1994 . Country Report ’Egypt’ , December : l1
  • 1993 . AFP , 8 July
  • 1993 . DR , 9 July
  • 1993 . New York Times , 15 Aug.
  • 1993 . Middle East Int , 28 Aug.
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 11 Oct.
  • Esposito . The Islamic Threat 98 (note 20)
  • 1993 . AFP , 20 Feb.
  • 1993 . DR , 24 Feb.
  • 1993 . Jerusalem Post , 17 March
  • 1993 . Al‐Sha'b , 8 Jan.
  • 1970 . Islam in Egypt Today: Social and Political Aspects of Popular Religion , 18 Cambridge : CUP .
  • Muhammad , Awqaf Minister . ‘Ali Mahjub . R. Cairo , 16 March
  • 1993 . DR , 17 March
  • 1993 . Country Report ’Egypt’ , December
  • 1993 . Al‐Jumhuriyya (Cairo) , 15 April.
  • 1993 . Ruz al‐Yusuf , 10 May
  • 1993 . Akhbar al‐Yawm , 1 May
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 7 May
  • 1993 . al‐Wafd , 11 May
  • 1993 . DR , 25 May
  • 1993 . Ha’ aretz , 25 Aug.
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 21 March
  • 1993 . al‐Nur , 14 April
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , December
  • 1993 . DR , 29 Nov.
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , December : 12
  • 1993 . Al‐Ahram Weekly , 18–25 Feb.
  • Podeh , E. 1995 . “ ‘Egypt’ ” . In Middle East Contemporary Survey, Vol. 17 (1993) , Edited by: Ayalon , A. 290 Boulder, CO : Westview Press .
  • 1993 . DR , 18 April
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz, Jerusalem Post , 19 April
  • 1993 . Al‐Majalla (London) , 4 May
  • 1993 . DR , 19 April
  • 1993 . al‐Majalla , 4 May
  • AFP , 15 April
  • 1993 . DR , 16 April
  • 1993 . al‐Wafd , 17 April
  • 1993 . Ruz al‐Yusuf , 19 April
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 4 May
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 20 Oct.
  • 1993 . Al‐Wasat , 3–9 May
  • 1993 . DR , 23 April
  • 1993 . Al‐Ahram , 14 Jan.
  • 1993 . DR , 23 March, 1 April
  • 1993 . DR , 5 May
  • 1993 . Al‐Ahram , 16 July
  • 1993 . Al‐Ahram Weekly , 15–21 April
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 4 Aug.
  • 1993 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , May : 10 – 11 .
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 30 Sept.
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , April
  • 1993 . Al‐Wafd , 7 Dec.
  • 1993 . New York Times , 28 March
  • 1993 . al‐Diyar , 9 April
  • 1993 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , July : 9
  • 1993 . al‐Ahali (Cairo) , 7 April
  • 1993 . Al‐Ahram, al‐Akhbar , 19 Nov.
  • 1993 . DR , 22 Nov.
  • 1993 . al‐Wafd , 20, 23 Nov.
  • 1993 . al‐Safir , 27 Nov.
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 18 May
  • 1993 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , October
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 27 June
  • 1993 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , October
  • 1993 . DR , 10, 17 May
  • 1993 . DR , 18 May
  • 1993 . al‐Akhbar , 17 May
  • 1993 . al‐Usbu’ al‐'Arabi , 31 May
  • 1993 . DR , 8 Feb., 27 April
  • Mubarak . 1993 . al‐Jumhuriyya (Cairo) , 18 Sept.
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , July
  • 1992 . Marches Tropicaux et Mediterranees , 18 Dec.
  • 1993 . DR , 8 Feb. 27 April
  • 1993 . DR , 15 Oct.
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , October : 10 – 11 .
  • 1993 . Al‐Akhbar , 5 Jan.
  • 1993 . al‐Sha'b (Cairo) , 8 Jan.
  • 1993 . Al‐Wafd , 15 Sept.
  • 1993 . DR , 14 Oct.
  • 1993 . DR , 18 Oct
  • 1993 . DR , 16 Nov.
  • 1993 . DR , 15 Dec.
  • 1993 . al‐Ahram , 7 Feb.
  • 1993 . al‐Wafd , 10 Feb.
  • 1993 . New York Times , 4 Oct.
  • 1993 . DR , 15 Dec.
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , October : 9
  • 1993 . Ha'aretz , 12 May
  • 1993 . DR , 15 Dec.
  • 1993 . DR , 16 Nov.
  • 1993 . Financial Times , 22 April
  • 1994 . Country Report ‘Egypt’ , October : 14 – 20 .
  • Kaplan , R.D. 1994 . ‘Eaten from Within’ . Atlantic Monthly , Nov. : 26 – 44 .
  • Esposito . “ ‘Political Islam: Beyond the Green Menace’ ” . 21 (note 7)
  • Ajami , Fouad . 1983 . “ ‘In the Pharaoh's Shadow: Religion and Authority in Egypt’ ” . In Islam in the Political Process , Edited by: Piscatori , James P. 34 Cambridge : CUP .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.