Short-term 2.1 GHz radiofrequency radiation treatment induces significant changes on the auditory evoked potentials in adult rats

References

• Aalto S, Haarala C, Bruck A, Sipila H, Hamalainen H, Rinne JO. 2006. Mobile phone affects cerebral blood flow in humans. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 26:885–890.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akdag M, Dasdag S, Canturk F, Akdag MZ. 2018. Exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields emitted from mobile phones induced DNA damage in human ear canal hair follicle cells. Electromagn Biol Med. 37:66–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ammari M, Brillaud E, Gamez C, Lecomte A, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H, de Seze R. 2008. Effect of a chronic GSM 900 MHz exposure on glia in the rat brain. Biomed Pharmacother. 62:273–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antal A, Boros K, Poreisz C, Chaieb L, Terney D, Paulus W. 2008. Comparatively weak after-effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on cortical excitability in humans. Brain Stimulation. 1:97–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arendash GW, Sanchez-Ramos J, Mori T, Mamcarz M, Lin X, Runfeldt M, Wang L, Zhang G, Sava V, Tan J, et al. 2010. Electromagnetic field treatment protects against and reverses cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease mice. J Alzheimers Dis. 19:191–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basar E, Baar‐Eroglu C, Rahn E, Schürmann M. 1991. Sensory and cognitive components of brain resonance responses - an analysis of responsiveness in human and cat brain upon visual and auditory-stimulation. Acta Otolaryngol. 111:25–35.
   Google Scholar
• Belluscio MA, Mizuseki K, Schmidt R, Kempter R, Buzsaki G. 2012. Cross-frequency phase-phase coupling between θ and γ oscillations in the hippocampus. J Neurosci. 32:423–435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belyaev IY. 2010. Dependence of non-thermal biological effects of microwaves on physical and biological variables: implications for reproducibility and safety standards. Non-thermal effects and mechanisms of interaction between electromagnetic fields and living matter. Eur J Oncol. 5:187–218.
   Google Scholar
• Belyaev IY. 2015. Biophysical mechanisms for nonthermal microwave effects. In: Markov MS, editor. Electromagnetic fields in biology and medicine. Boca Raton: CRC Press. 5–49:69.
   Google Scholar
• Bose M, Muñoz-Llancao P, Roychowdhury S, Nichols JA, Jakkamsetti V, Porter B, Byrapureddy R, Salgado H, Kilgard MP, Aboitiz F, et al. 2010. Effect of the environment on the dendritic morphology of the rat auditory cortex. Synapse. 64:97–110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brillaud E, Piotrowski A, de Seze R. 2007. Effect of an acute 900MHz GSM exposure on glia in the rat brain: a time-dependent study. Toxicology. 238:23–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burkhardt M, Spinelli Y, Kuster N. 1997. Exposure setup to test effects of wireless communications systems on the CNS. Health Phys. 73:770–778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzsaki G, Draguhn A. 2004. Neuronal oscillations in cortical networks. Science. 304:1926–1929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzsaki G, Wang XJ. 2012. Mechanisms of gamma oscillations. Annu Rev Neurosci. 35:203–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter DO. 2013. Human disease resulting from exposure to electromagnetic fields [Review]. Rev Environ Health. 28:159–172.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ceccarelli G, Bloise N, Mantelli M, Gastaldi G, Fassina L, De Angelis MG, Ferrari D, Imbriani M, Visai L. 2013. A comparative analysis of the in vitro effects of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment on osteogenic differentiation of two different mesenchymal cell lineages. Biores Open Access. 2:283–294.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Consales C, Merla C, Marino C, Benassi B. 2012. Electromagnetic fields, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Int J Cell Biol. 2012:683897.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Croft RJ, Hamblin DL, Spong J, Wood AW, McKenzie RJ, Stough C. 2008. The effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the alpha rhythm of human electroencephalogram. Bioelectromagnetics. 29:1–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croft RJ, Leung S, McKenzie RJ, Loughran SP, Iskra S, Hamblin DL, Cooper NR. 2010. Effects of 2G and 3G mobile phones on human alpha rhythms: resting EEG in adolescents, young adults, and the elderly. Bioelectromagnetics. 31:434–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curcio G, Ferrara M, Moroni F, D'Inzeo G, Bertini M, De Gennaro L. 2005. Is the brain influenced by a phone call? An EEG study of resting wakefulness. Neurosci Res. 53:265–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czéh B, Müller-Keuker JIH, Rygula R, Abumaria N, Hiemke C, Domenici E, Fuchs E. 2007. Chronic social stress inhibits cell proliferation in the adult medial prefrontal cortex: hemispheric asymmetry and reversal by fluoxetine treatment. Neuropsychopharmacol. 32:1490–1503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dagnino-Subiabre A, Munoz-Llancao P, Terreros G, Wyneken U, Diaz-Veliz G, Porter B, Kilgard MP, Atzori M, Aboitiz F. 2009. Chronic stress induces dendritic atrophy in the rat medial geniculate nucleus: effects on auditory conditioning. Behav Brain Res. 203:88–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Kizil G, Kizil M, Cakir DU, Yokus B. 2012. Effect of 900 MHz radio frequency radiation on beta amyloid protein, protein carbonyl, and malondialdehyde in the brain. Electromagn Biol Med. 31:67–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Erdal ME, Erdal N, Ay OI, Ay ME, Yilmaz SG, Tasdelen B, Yegin K. 2015a. Effects of 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from Wi-Fi equipment on microRNA expression in brain tissue. Int J Radiat Biol. 91:555–561.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Erdal ME, Erdal N, Ay OI, Ay ME, Yilmaz SG, Tasdelen B, Yegin K. 2015b. Long term and excessive use of 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation alter microRNA expression in brain. Int J Radiat Biol. 91:306–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasdag S, Bilgin HM, Akdag MZ, Celik H, Aksen F. 2008. Effect of long term mobile phone exposure on oxidative-antioxidative processes and nitric oxide in rats. Biotechnol Biotechnological Equipment. 22:992–997.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delorme A, Makeig S. 2004. EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. J Neurosci Methods. 134:9–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dragicevic N, Bradshaw PC, Mamcarz M, Lin X, Wang L, Cao C, Arendash GW. 2011. Long-term electromagnetic field treatment enhances brain mitochondrial function of both Alzheimer's transgenic mice and normal mice: a mechanism for electromagnetic field-induced cognitive benefit?. Neuroscience. 185:135–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ford JM, Dierks T, Fisher DJ, Herrmann CS, Hubl D, Kindler J, Koenig T, Mathalon DH, Spencer KM, Strik W, et al. 2012. Neurophysiological studies of auditory verbal hallucinations. Schizophr Bull. 38:715–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritze K, Wiessner C, Kuster N, Sommer C, Gass P, Hermann DM, Kiessling M, Hossmann KA. 1997. Effect of global system for mobile communication microwave exposure on the genomic response of the rat brain. Neuroscience. 81:627–639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabriel C. 2005. Dielectric properties of biological tissue: variation with age. Bioelectromagnetics. 26:S12–S18.
   Google Scholar
• Grafstrom G, Nittby H, Brun A, Malmgren L, Persson BRR, Salford LG, Eberhardt J. 2008. Histopathological examinations of rat brains after long-term exposure to GSM-900 mobile phone radiation. Brain Res Bull. 77:257–263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidisoglu E, Gok DK, Er H, Akpinar D, Uysal F, Akkoyunlu G, Ozen S, Agar A, Yargicoglu P. 2016. 2100-MHz electromagnetic fields have different effects on visual evoked potentials and oxidant/antioxidant status depending on exposure duration. Brain Res. 1635:1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu P, Oomen C, van Dam AM, Wester J, Zhou JN, Joels M, Lucassen PJ. 2012. A single-day treatment with mifepristone is sufficient to normalize chronic glucocorticoid induced suppression of hippocampal cell proliferation. Plos One. 7:e46224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber R, Treyer V, Schuderer J, Berthold T, Buck A, Kuster N, Landolt HP, Achermann P. 2005. Exposure to pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields affects regional cerebral blood flow. Eur J Neurosci. 21:1000–1006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyun JC, Oh Y. 2006. Effects of size and permittivity of rat brain on SAR values at 900 Mhz and 1800 Mhz. J Electromagn Eng Sci. 6:47–52.
   Google Scholar
• Ilhan A, Gurel A, Armutcu F, Kamisli S, Iraz M, Akyol O, Ozen S. 2004. Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. Clin Chim Acta. 340:153–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irmak MK, Fadıllıoğlu E, Güleç M, Erdoğan H, Yağmurca M, Akyol Ö. 2002. Effects of electromagnetic radiation from a cellular telephone on the oxidant and antioxidant levels in rabbits. Cell Biochem Funct. 20:279–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jadidi M, Firoozabadi SM, Rashidy-Pour A, Bolouri B, Fathollahi Y, Sajadi AA. 2009. Does whole body exposure to GSM-950 MHz electromagnetic fields affect acquisition and consolidation of spatial information in rats? Iran J Radiat Res. 7:57–62.
   Google Scholar
• Javitt DC, Shelley AM, Silipo G, Lieberman JA. 2000. Deficits in auditory and visual context-dependent processing in schizophrenia: defining the pattern. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 57:1131–1137.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang DP, Li J, Zhang JE, Xu SL, Kuang F, Lang HY, Wang YF, An GZ, Li JH, Guo GZ. 2013. Electromagnetic pulse exposure induces overexpression of beta amyloid protein in rats. Arch Med Res. 44:178–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinkenberg I, Blokland A, Riedel WJ, Sambeth A. 2013. Cholinergic modulation of auditory processing, sensory gating and novelty detection in human participants. Psychopharmacology. 225:903–921.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knief A, Schulte M, Bertran O, Pantev C. 2000. The perception of coherent and non-coherent auditory objects: a signature in gamma frequency band. Hear Res. 145:161–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai H. 1994. Neurological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Vol. 1. New York: Plenum. (Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems).
   Google Scholar
• Loughran SP, McKenzie RJ, Jackson ML, Howard ME, Croft RJ. 2012. Individual differences in the effects of mobile phone exposure on human sleep: rethinking the problem. Bioelectromagnetics. 33:86–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowden A, Akerstedt T, Ingre M, Wiholm C, Hillert L, Kuster N, Nilsson JP, Arnetz B. 2011. Sleep after mobile phone exposure in subjects with mobile phone-related symptoms. Bioelectromagnetics. 32:4–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupien SJ. 2009. Brains under stress. Can J Psychiatry. 54:4–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manjarrez G, Hernandez E, Robles A, Hernandez J. 2005. N1/P2 component of auditory evoked potential reflect changes of the brain serotonin biosynthesis in rats. Nutr Neurosci. 8:213–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mausset-Bonnefont AL, Hirbec H, Bonnefont X, Privat A, Vignon J, de Seze R. 2004. Acute exposure to GSM 900-MHz electromagnetic fields induces glial reactivity and biochemical modifications in the rat brain. Neurobiol Dis. 17:445–454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meral I, Mert H, Mert N, Deger Y, Yoruk I, Yetkin A, Keskin S. 2007. Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic field emitted from cellular phone on brain oxidative stress and some vitamin levels of guinea pigs. Brain Res. 1169:120–124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moliadze V, Atalay D, Antal A, Paulus W. 2012. Close to threshold transcranial electrical stimulation preferentially activates inhibitory networks before switching to excitation with higher intensities. Brain Stimul. 5:505–511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson FR, Zvirbulis R, Pilla AA. 2013. Non-invasive electromagnetic field therapy produces rapid and substantial pain reduction in early knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind pilot study. Rheumatol Int. 33:2169–2173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pall ML. 2013. Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects [Review]. J Cell Mol Med. 17:958–965.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peyman A, Rezazadeh AA, Gabriel C. 2001. Changes in the dielectric properties of rat tissue as a function of age at microwave frequencies [Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]. Phys Med Biol. 46:1617–1629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilla AA. 2013. Nonthermal electromagnetic fields: from first messenger to therapeutic applications. Electromagn Biol Med. 32:123–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasouli J, Lekhraj R, White NM, Flamm ES, Pilla AA, Strauch B, Casper D. 2012. Attenuation of interleukin-1beta by pulsed electromagnetic fields after traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Lett. 519:4–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regel SJ, Gottselig JM, Schuderer J, Tinguely G, Retey JV, Kuster N, Landolt HP, Achermann P. 2007. Pulsed radio frequency radiation affects cognitive performance and the waking electroencephalogram. Neuroreport. 18:803–807.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roggeveen S, van Os J, Viechtbauer W, Lousberg R. 2015. EEG changes due to experimentally induced 3G mobile phone radiation. Plos One. 10:e0129496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohde C, Chiang A, Adipoju O, Casper D, Pilla AA. 2010. Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on interleukin-1 beta and postoperative pain: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study in breast reduction patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 125:1620–1629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury DF, Collins KC, McCarley RW. 2010. Reductions in the N1 and P2 auditory event-related potentials in first-hospitalized and chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 36:991–1000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sambucci M, Laudisi F, Nasta F, Pinto R, Lodato R, Lopresto V, Altavista P, Marino C, Pioli C. 2011. Early life exposure to 2.45GHz WiFi-like signals: effects on development and maturation of the immune system . Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 107:393–398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmid MR, Murbach M, Lustenberger C, Maire M, Kuster N, Achermann P, Loughran SP. 2012. Sleep EEG alterations: effects of pulsed magnetic fields versus pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields. J Sleep Res. 21:620–629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schonborn F, Pokovic K, Kuster N. 2004. Dosimetric analysis of the carousel setup for the exposure of rats at 1.62 GHz. Bioelectromagnetics. 25:16–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahriari Y, Krusienski D, Dadi YS, Seo M, Shin HS, Choi JH. 2016. Impaired auditory evoked potentials and oscillations in frontal and auditory cortex of a schizophrenia mouse model. World J Biol Psychiatry. 17:439–448.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallon-Baudry C, Bertrand O. 1999. Oscillatory gamma activity in humans and its role in object representation. Trends Cogn Sci. 3:151–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thorlin T, Rouquette JM, Hamnerius Y, Hansson E, Persson M, Bjorklund U, Rosengren L, Ronnback L, Persson M. 2006. Exposure of cultured astroglial and microglial brain cells to 900 MHz microwave radiation. Radiat Res. 166:409–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Traub RD, Whittington MA, Buhl EH, Jefferys JGR, Faulkner HJ. 1999. On the mechanism of the gamma ->beta frequency shift in neuronal oscillations induced in rat hippocampal slices by tetanic stimulation. J Neurosci. 19:1088–1105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tynan RJ, Beynon SB, Hinwood M, Johnson SJ, Nilsson M, Woods JJ, Walker FR. 2013. Chronic stress-induced disruption of the astrocyte network is driven by structural atrophy and not loss of astrocytes. Acta Neuropathol. 126:75–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkow ND, Tomasi D, Wang GJ, Vaska P, Fowler JS, Telang F, Alexoff D, Logan J, Wong C. 2011. Effects of cell phone radiofrequency signal exposure on brain glucose metabolism. J Am Med Assoc. 305:808–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasowicz W, Neve J, Peretz A. 1993. Optimized steps in fluorometric determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in serum: importance of extraction pH and influence of sample preservation and storage. Clin Chem. 39:2522–2526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuen EY, Wei J, Liu WH, Zhong P, Li XN, Yan Z. 2012. Repeated stress causes cognitive impairment by suppressing glutamate receptor expression and function in prefrontal cortex. Neuron. 73:962–977.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yun HY, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. 1996. Neurobiology of nitric oxide. Crit Rev Neurobiol. 10:291–316.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar