16
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The Radiosensitivity of Human Keratinocytes: Influence of Activated C-H-ras Oncogene Expression and Tumorigenicity

, , &
Pages 1195-1206 | Received 03 Oct 1990, Accepted 24 Dec 1990, Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • Barbacid M. ras genes. Annual Review of Biochemistry 1987; 56: 779–827
  • Bishop J.M. The molecular genetics of cancer. Science 1987; 235: 305–311
  • Bos J.L. Ras oncogenes in human cancer: a review. Cancer Research 1989; 49: 4682–4689
  • Boukamp P., Petrusevska R.T., Breitkreutz D., Hornung J., Markham A., Fusenig N.E. Normal keratinization in a spontaneously immortalized aneuploid human keratinocyte cell line. Journal of Cell Biology 1988; 106: 761–771
  • Boukamp P., Stanbridge E.J., Foo D.Y., Cerutti P.A., Fusenig N.E. c-H-ras oncogene expression in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) alters growth potential in vivo but lacks correlation with malignancy. Cancer Research 1990; 50: 2840–2847
  • Breathnach R., Matrisian L.M., Gesnel M.-C., Staub A.S., Leroy P. Sequences coding for part of oncogene-induced transin are highly conserved in a related rat gene. Nucleic Acids Research 1987; 15: 1139–1151
  • Carney D.N., Mitchell J.B., Kinsella T.J. In vitro radiation and chemotherapy sensitivity of established cell lines of human small cell lung cancer and its large cell morphological variants. Cancer Research 1983; 43: 2806–2811
  • Chang E.H., Pirollo K.F., Zou Z.Q., Cheung H.-Y., Lawler E.L., Garner R., Whith E., Berstein W.B., Fraumeni J.W.J., Blattner W.A. Oncogenes in radioresistant, noncancerous skin fibroblasts from a cancer-prone family. Science 1987; 237: 1036–1039
  • Chiu R., Boyle W.J., Meek J., Smeal J., Hunter T., Karin M. The c-fos protein interacts with c-jun/AP-1 to stimulate transcription of AP-1 responsive genes. Cell 1988; 54: 541–552
  • Der C. The ras family of oncogenes. Oncogenes, C. Benz, E. Liu. Kluwer, Dordrecht 1989; 73–119
  • Downward J., Graves J.D., Warne P.H., Rayter S., Cantrell D.A. Stimulation of p21 ras upon T-cell activation. Nature 1990; 346: 719–723
  • Ellis C., Moran M., McCormick F., Pawson T. Phosphorylation of GAP and GAP-associated proteins by transforming and mitogenic tyrosine kinase. Nature 1990; 343: 377–381
  • Fertil B., Malaise E.P. Inherent cellular radiosensitivity as a basic concept for human tumor radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1981; 7: 621–629
  • Fertil B., Malaise E.P. Intrinsic radiosensitivity of human cell lines is correlated with radioresponse of human tumors: analysis of 101 published survival curves. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, and Physics 1985; 11: 1699–1707
  • Fitzgerald T.J., Daugherty C., Kase K., Rothstein L.A., McKenna M., Greenberger J.S. Activated human N-ras oncogene enhances x-irradiation repair of mammalian cells in vitro less effectively at low dose rate. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 1985; 8: 517–522
  • Gilman A.G. G Proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals. Annual Review of Biochemistry 1987; 56: 615–649
  • Grant M.L., Bruton R.K., Byrd P.J., Gallimore P.H., Steele J.C., Taylor A.M.R., Grand R.J.A. Sensitivity to ionising radiation of transformed human cells containng mutant ras genes. Oncogene 1990; 5: 1159–1164
  • Greenberg M.E., Ziff E.B. Stimulation of 3T3 cells induces transcription of the c-fos protooncogene. Nature (London) 1984; 311: 433–438
  • Hall A. ras and GAP—Who's controlling whom?. Cell 1990; 61: 921–923
  • Hunter T. Protein-tyrosine phosphatases: the other side of the coin. Cell 1989; 58: 1013–1016
  • Imler J.L., Schatz C., Wasylyk C., Chatton B., Wasylyk B. A Harvey-ras responsive transcription element is also responsive to a tumour-promoter and to serum. Nature (London) 1988; 332: 275–278
  • Kaplan D.R., Morrison D.K., Wong G., McCormick F., Williams L.T. PDGF β-receptor stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of GAP and association of GAP with a signaling complex. Cell 1990; 61: 125–133
  • Kasid U.N., Pfeifer A., Weichselbaum R.R., Dritschilo A., Mark G.E. The raf oncogene is associated with a radiation-resistant human laryngeal cancer. Science 1987a; 237: 1039–1041
  • Kasid U.N., Dritschilo A., Rhim J.S. Human epidermal keratinocytes retain radiation resistance following in vitro immortalization and malignant transformation. Radiation Research 1987b; 111: 565–571
  • Kasid U.N., Weichselbaum R.R., Brennan T., Mark G.E., Dritschilo A. Sensitivities of NIH/3T3-derived clonal cell lines to ionizing radiation: significance for gene transfer studies. Cancer Research 1989a; 49: 3396–3400
  • Kasid U., Pfeifer A., Brennan T., Beckett M., Weichselbaum R.R., Dritschilo A., Mark G.E. Effect of antisense c-raf-1 on tumorigenicity and radiation sensitivity of a human squamous carcinoma. Science 1989b; 243: 1354–1356
  • Kedar P.S., Lowy D.R., Wilen S.G., Wilson S.H. Transfected human β-polymerase promoter contains a ras-responsive element. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1990; 10: 3852–3856
  • Kitayama H., Sugimoto Y., Matsuzaki T., Ikawa Y., Noda M.A. A ras related gene with transforming suppressor activity. Cell 1989; 56: 77–84
  • Lacal J.C., Fleming T.P., Warren B.S., Blumberg P.M., Aaronson S.A. Involvement of functional protein kinase C in the mitogenic response to the H-ras oncogene product. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1987; 7: 4146–4149
  • Lee W., Mitchell P., Tijan R. Purified transcription factor AP-1 interacts with TPA-inducible enhancer elements. Cell 1987; 49: 741–752
  • Ling C.C., Endlich B. Radioresistance induced by oncogenic transformation. Radiation Research 1989; 120: 267–279
  • Little C.D., Nau M.M., Carney D.N., Gazdar A.F., Minna J.D. Amplification and expression of the c-myc oncogene in human lung cancer cell lines. Nature 1983; 306: 194–196
  • Lochrie M.A., Simon M.I. G protein multiplicity in eukaryotic signal transduction systems. Biochemistry 1988; 27: 4957–4965
  • Lord J.M., Bunce C.M., Brown G. The role of protein phosphorylation in the control of cell growth and differentiation. British Journal of Cancer 1988; 58: 549–555
  • Malaise E.P., Fertil B., Chavaudra N., Guichard M. Distribution of radiation sensitivities for human tumour cells of specific histological types: comparison of in vitro to in vivo data. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics 1986; 12: 617–624
  • McCormick F. ras GTPase activating protein: signal transmitter and signal terminator. Cell 1989; 56: 5–8
  • McKenna W.G., Weiss M.C., Endlich B., Ling C.C., Bakanauskas V.J., Kelsten M.L., Muschel R.J. Synergistic effect of the v-myc oncogene with H-ras on radioresistance. Cancer Research 1990; 50: 97–102
  • Mueller R., Bravo R., Burckhardt J., Curran T. Induction of c-fos gene and protein by growth factors precedes activation of c-myc. Nature (London) 1984; 312: 716–720
  • Parada L.F., Tabin C.J., Shih C., Weinberg R.A. Human EJ bladder carcinoma oncogene is homologue of Harvey sarcoma virus ras gene. Nature (London) 1982; 297: 474–478
  • Pirollo K.F., Garner R., Yuan S.Y., Li L., Blattner W.A., Chang E.H. Raf involvement in the simultaneous genetic transfer of the radioresistant and transforming phenotypes. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1989; 55: 783–796
  • Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A., Vetterling W.T. Numerical Recipes in C. Cambridge University Press, New York 1988; 542–547
  • Rauscher F.J., III, Cohen D.R., Curran T., Bos T.J., Vogt P.K., Bohman D., Tijan R., Franza B.R., Jr. fos-associated protein p39 is the product of the jun protooncogene. Science 1988; 240: 1010–1016
  • Ruddon R.W. Cancer Biology2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 1987
  • Santos E., Nebreda A.R. Structural and functional properties of ras proteins. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 1989; 3: 2151–2163
  • Sassone-Corsi P., Sisson J.C., Verma I.M. Transcriptional autoregulation of the protooncogene fos. Nature (London) 1988; 334: 314–319
  • Seeger R.C., Brodeur G.M., Sather H., Dalton A., Siegel S.E., Wong K.Y., Hammond D. Association of multiple copies of the N-myc oncogene with rapid progression of neuroblastomas. New England Journal of Medicine 1985; 313: 1111–1116
  • Sklar M.D. The ras oncogenes increase the intrinsic resistance of NIH3T3 cells to ionizing radiation. Science 1988; 239: 645–646
  • Spandidos A., Wilkie N.M. The normal human H-ras1 gene can act as an oncosuppressor. British Journal of Cancer 1988; 58: 67–71
  • Stacey D.W., Watson T., Kung H.-F., Curran T. Microinjection of transforming ras protein induces c-fos expression. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1987; 7: 523–527
  • Stacey M., Thacker S., Taylor M.R. Cultured skin keratinocytes from both normal individuals and basal cell naevus syndrome patients are more resistant to gamma-rays and UV light compared with cultured skin fibroblasts. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1989; 56: 45–58
  • Varmus H.E. The molecular genetics of cellular oncogenes. Annual Review of Genetics 1984; 18: 553–612
  • Viola M.V., Fromwitz F., Oravez S., Deb S., Finkel G., Lundy J., Hand P., Thor A., Schlom J. Expression of ras oncogene p21 in prostrate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 1986; 314: 133–137
  • Weichselbaum R.R., Dahlberg W., Little J.B. Inherently radioresistant cells exist in some human tumors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 1985; 82: 4732–4735
  • Weichselbaum R.R., Beckett M.A., Schwartz J.L., Dritschilo A. Radioresistant tumor cells are present in head and neck carcinomas that recur after radiotherapy. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, and Physics 1988; 15: 575–579
  • Weichselbaum R.R., Rotmensch J., Ahmed-Swan S., Beckett M.A. Radiobiological characterization of 53 human tumor cell lines. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1989; 56: 553–560
  • Weinberg R.A. The action of oncogenes in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Science 1985; 230: 770–776

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.