1,268
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

The (un)making of the Pax Turca in the Middle East: understanding the social-historical roots of foreign policy

&

References

  • Al-Ahmeh, A (1993) Islams and modernities (London: Verso)
  • Akçalı, E and M Perinçek (2009) ‘Kemalist Eurasianism: an emerging geopolitical discourse in Turkey’, Geopolitics, 14:3, 550–569
  • Anderson, P (2008) ‘Kemalism’, London Review of Books, 30:17, 3–12
  • Aras, B (2000) ‘Turkey’s policy in the former Soviet south: Assets and options’, Turkish Studies, 1:1, 36–58
  • Atabaki, T and EJ Zurcher (eds) (2004) Men of order: authoritarian modernization under Atatürk and Reza Shah (London: IB Tauris)
  • Atasoy, S (2011) ‘The Turkish example: a model for change in the Middle East?’, Middle East Policy, 18:3, 86–100
  • Ayata, B (2015) ‘Turkish foreign policy in a changing Arab world: rise and fall of a regional actor?’, Journal of European Integration, 37:1, 95–112
  • Bertrand, N (2015) ‘US military official: “We were outraged” when Turkey pulled a fast one right after the anti-ISIS deal’, Business Insider UK, 11 August, <<http://uk.businessinsider.com/us-and-turkey-tension-in-isis-fight-2015-8?r=US&IR=T#ixzz3iWgG0obM>>, accessed 11 August 2015
  • Bilgic, A (2015) ‘“We are not barbarians”: gender politics and Turkey’s quest for the West’, International Relations, 14 January 2015, doi: 10.1177/0047117814565524
  • Bilgin, P (2007) ‘“Only strong states can survive in Turkey’s geography”: the uses of “geopolitical truths” in Turkey’, Political Geography, 26:7, 740–756
  • Birch, N (2008) ‘We are all Kemalists’, Prospect, 146, <<http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/magazine/weareallkemalists>>, accessed 19 August 2014
  • Bloxham, D (2005) The great game of genocide: imperialism, nationalism and the destruction of the Ottoman Armenians (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
  • Bookchin, M (1982) The ecology of freedom (Palo Alto (CA: Cheshire Books))
  • Braude, B and B Lewis (1980) Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire: the functioning of a plural society (New York, NY: Holmes & Meier)
  • Brenner, R (1985a) ‘Agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe’ in TH Ashton and CHE Philpin (eds) The Brenner debate: agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe (Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press), 10–63
  • Brenner, R (1985b) ‘The agrarian roots of European capitalism’ in TH Ashton and CHE Philpin (eds) The Brenner debate: agrarian class structure and economic development in pre-industrial Europe (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press), 213–327
  • Brenner, R (1986) ‘The social basis of economic development’ in John Roemer (ed) Analytical Marxism (Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press), 23–53
  • Buğra, A (1998) ‘Class, culture, and state: an analysis of interest representation by two Turkish business associations’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, 30:4, 521–539
  • Çağaptay, S (2006) Islam, secularism and nationalism in modern Turkey: who is a Turk? (London: Routledge)
  • Çağaptay, S (2011) ‘Turkish foreign policy under the AKP: the rift with Washington’, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Policy Notes, 3: 1–15
  • Cam, S (2002) ‘Neo-liberalism and labour within the context of an “emerging market” economy—Turkey’, Capital & Class, 26:2, 89–114
  • Cheterian, V (2014) ‘Turkey and the “Islamic State”’, Open Democracy, 23 September, <<https://www.opendemocracy.net/vicken-cheterian/turkey-and-islamic-state%E2%80%9D>>, accessed 21 January 2015
  • Cornell, SE (2012) ‘What drives Turkish foreign policy?’, Middle East Quarterly, Winter, 2012: 13–24
  • Coş, K and P Bilgin (2010) ‘Stalin’s demands: constructions of the “Soviet other” In Turkey’s foreign policy, 1919–1945’, Foreign Policy Analysis, 6:1, 43–60
  • Davutoğlu, A (2001) Stratejik Derinlik, Turkiye’nin Uluslararasi Konumu [Strategic depth, Turkey’s international position] (Istanbul: Kure Yayinlari)
  • Davutoğlu, A (2008) ‘Turkey’s foreign policy vision’, Insight Turkey, 10:1, 77–96
  • Davutoğlu, A (2012) ‘Principles of Turkish Foreign policy and regional political structuring’, TEPAV Turkey Policy Brief Series, <<http://www.tepav.org.tr/upload/files/1336135395-4.Principles_of_Turkish_Foreign_Policy_and_Regional_Political_Structuring_by_Ahmet_Davutoglu.pdf>>, accessed 24 January 2015
  • Demir, F (2005) ‘Militarization of the market and rent-seeking coalitions in Turkey’, Development and Change, 36:4, 667–690
  • Demir, Ö, A Mustafa and M Toprak (2004) ‘Anatolian Tigers or Islamic capital: prospects and challenges’, Middle Eastern Studies, 40:6, 166–188
  • Demirtaş-Bagdonas, Ö (2012) ‘A shift of axis in Turkish foreign policy or a marketing strategy? Turkey’s uses of its “uniqueness” vis-à-vis the West/Europe’, Turkish Journal of Politics, 3:2, 111–132
  • Demirtaş-Bagdonas, Ö (2014) ‘Reading Turkey’s foreign policy on Syria: the AKP’s construction of a great power identity and the politics of grandeur’, Turkish Studies, 15:1, 139–155
  • Deringil, S (1989) Turkish foreign policy during the Second World War: an ‘active’ neutrality (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press)
  • Dombey, D and F Güler (2013) ‘Turkey emerges as true Iraq War victor’, Financial Times, 12 March, <<http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c038427a-8a40-11e2-bf79-00144feabdc0.html>>, accessed 10 October 2014
  • Edelman, ES et al (2013) ‘The roots of Turkish conduct: understanding the evolution of Turkish policy in the Middle East’, Bipartisan Policy Center National Security Program, Foreign Policy Project, <<http://bipartisanpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/default/files/The%20Roots%20of%20Turkish%20Conduct.pdf>>, accessed 20 February 2015
  • Güneş, C (2012) The Kurdish national movement in Turkey: from protest to resistance (London: Routledge)
  • Hale, W (2000) Turkish foreign policy, 1774–2000 (London: Frank Cass)
  • Halliday, F (2002) ‘For an international sociology’ in S Hobden and J Hobson (eds) Historical sociology of international relations (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press), 244–264
  • Heydarian, RJ (2011) ‘Arab Spring, Turkish harvest’, Foreign Policy in Focus, 22 September, <<http://fpif.org/arab_spring_turkish_harvest>>, accessed 23 January 2015
  • Hoffmann, C (2008) ‘The balkanization of Ottoman rule: premodern origins of the modern international system in Southeastern Europe’, Cooperation and Conflict, 43:4, 373–396
  • Hoşgör, E (2011) ‘Islamic capital/Anatolian Tigers: past and present’, Middle Eastern Studies, 47:2, 343–360
  • Islamoglu, H (2004) The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press)
  • Islamoglu, H and C Keyder (1977) ‘Agenda for Ottoman history’, Review, 1:1, 31–55
  • Karpat, KH (2000) ‘Historical continuity and identity change or how to be modern Muslim, Ottoman and Turk’ in KH Karpat (ed) Ottoman past and today’s Turkey (Leiden: Brill), 1–28
  • Kavakçı, M (2009) ‘Turkey’s test with its deep state’, Mediterranean Quarterly, 20:4, 83–97
  • Kennedy, R and M Dickenson (2013) ‘Turkish foreign policy and public opinion in the AKP era’, Foreign Policy Analysis, 9:2, 171–188
  • Keyder, C (1987) State and class in Turkey: a study in capitalist development (London: Verso)
  • Lapointe, T and FG Dufour (2012) ‘Assessing the historical turn in IR: an anatomy of second wave historical sociology’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 25:1, 97–121
  • Leffler, MP (1985) ‘Strategy, diplomacy, and the Cold War: the United States, Turkey, and NATO, 1945–1952’, Journal of American History, 71:4, 807–825
  • Lippe, JMV (2000) ‘Forgotten brigade of the forgotten war: Turkey’s participation in the Korean War’, Middle Eastern Studies, 36:1, 92–102
  • Mardin, S (1969) ‘Power, civil society and culture in the Ottoman Empire’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 11:3, 258–281
  • Marois, T (2012) States, banks and crisis: emerging finance capitalism in Mexico and Turkey (Cheltenham (Edward Elgar): United Kingdom)
  • Matin, K (2015) ‘Why is Turkey bombing the Kurds?’, Open Democracy, 4 August, <<https://www.opendemocracy.net/arab-awakening/kamran-matin/why-is-turkey-bombing-kurds>>, accessed 5 August 2015
  • McDowall, D (2004) A modern history of the Kurds (London: IB Tauris)
  • Michaud-Emin, L (2007) ‘The restructuring of the military high command in the seventh harmonization package and its ramifications for civil–military relations in Turkey’, Turkish Studies, 8:1, 25–42
  • OECD (2012) Country Statistical Profile: Turkey 2010
  • Öniş, Z (1997) ‘The political economy of Islamic resurgence in Turkey’, Third World Quarterly, 18:4, 743–766
  • Öniş, Z (2004) ‘Turgut Özal and his economic legacy: Turkish neo-liberalism in critical perspective’, Middle Eastern Studies, 40:4, 113–134
  • Öniş, Z (2006) ‘Globalization and party transformation: Turkey’s Justice and Development Party in perspective’ in P. Burnell and A. W. M. Gerrits (eds) Globalizing democracy: party politics in emerging democracies (London: Routledge), 1–27
  • Öniş, Z (2009) ‘Beyond the 2001 financial crisis: the political economy of the new phase of neo-liberal restructuring in Turkey’, Review of International Political Economy, 16:3, 409–432
  • Öniş, Z (2012) ‘Turkey and the Arab Spring: between ethics and self-interest’, Insight Turkey, 14:3, 45–63
  • Öniş, Z (2014) ‘Turkey and the Arab revolutions: boundaries of regional power influence in a turbulent Middle East’, Mediterranean Politics, 19:2, 203–219
  • Özkan, B (2014) ‘Turkey, Davutoglu and the idea of pan-Islamism’, Survival, 56:4, 119–140
  • Özpek, BB and Y Demirağ (2014) ‘Turkish foreign policy after the “Arab Spring”: from agenda-setter state to agenda-entrepreneur state’, Israel Affairs, 20:3, 328–346
  • Pamuk, S (2000) ‘Intervention during the Great Depression—another look at the Turkish experience’ in S Pamuk and G Jeffrey (eds) The Mediterranean response to globalization before 1950 (London: Routledge), 321–339
  • Parla, T (1985) The social and political thought of Ziya Gokalp, 1876–1924 (Leiden: Brill)
  • Pijl, K Van Der (2007) ‘Capital and the state system: a class act’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 20:4, 619–637
  • Raiser, M (2015) ‘From know-who to know-how: Turkey and the “middle income trap”', Brookings Institution Blog, 19 February, <<http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/future-development/posts/2015/02/19-turkey-middle-income-trap-raiser>>, accessed 24 February 2015
  • Robins, P (2003) Suits and uniforms: Turkish foreign policy since the Cold War (Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press)
  • Rodinson, M (1966) Islam et capitalisme (Paris: Seuil)
  • Şenyüz, S and F Balıkçı (2015) ‘PM Davutoğlu wants a new Middle East for Turks, Kurds, Arabs’, Hurriyet Daily News, 25 January, <<http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/pm-davutoglu-wants-a-new-middle-east-for-turks-kurds-arabs.aspx?PageID=238&NID=77427&NewsCatID=338>>, accessed 19 January 2015
  • Söyler, M (2013) ‘Informal institutions, forms of state and democracy: the Turkish deep state’, Democratization, 20:2, 310–334
  • Taşpınar, Ö (2014) ‘The end of the Turkish model’, Survival, 56:2, 49–64
  • Teschke, B (2003) The myth of 1648: class, geopolitics, and the making of modern international relations (London: Verso)
  • Teschke, B and H Lacher (2007) ‘The changing logics of capitalist competition’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 20:4, 565–580
  • Teschke, B and C Cemgil (2014) ‘The dialectic of the concrete: reconsidering dialectic for IR and foreign policy analysis’, Globalizations, 11:5, 605–625
  • Tuğal, C (2007) ‘NATO’s Islamists’, New Left Review, 1:44, 5–34
  • Tuğal, C (2009) Passive revolution: absorbing the Islamic challenge to capitalism (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press)
  • TurkStat (2011) ‘The gross domestic product, 2nd quarter’, Press Release no. 186, Turkish Statistical Institute, Ankara
  • Weber, M (1920) ‘Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Kapitalismus’ in Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Religionssoziologie, vol 1 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck), 17–206; transl Talcott Parsons (1958) The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons)
  • Wood, EM (1981) ‘The separation of the economic and the political’, New Left Review, 1:127, 66–95
  • Yalman, GL (2009) Transition to neoliberalism—the case of Turkey in the 1980s (Istanbul: Bilgi University Press)
  • Yalvaç, F (2014) ‘Approaches to Turkish foreign policy: a critical realist analysis’, Turkish Studies, 15:1, 117–138
  • Yarkın, G (2015) ‘The ideological transformation of the PKK regarding the political economy of the Kurdish region in Turkey’, Kurdish Studies, 3:1, 26–46
  • Yavuz, MH (1998) ‘Turkish identity and foreign policy in flux: the rise of neo-Ottomanism’, Middle East Critique, 7:12, 19–41
  • Yavuz, MH (2003) Islamic political identity in Turkey (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
  • Yeginsu, C and H Cooper (2015) ‘U.S. jets to use Turkish bases in war on ISIS’, New York Times, 23 July, <<http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/24/world/europe/turkey-isis-us-airstrikes-syria.html>>, accessed 10 August 2015
  • Yeldan, AE (1995) ‘Surplus creation and extraction under structural adjustment: Turkey, 1980–1992’, Review of Radical Political Economics, 27:2, 38–72
  • Yeldan, AE, Taşçı, K., Voyvoda, E., and Özsan, E. (2013) Orta Gelir Tuzağı’ndan Çıkış: Hangi Türkiye, vol 2. Bölgesel Kalkınma ve İkili Tuzaktan Çıkış Stratejileri [Breaking the middle-income trap: which turkey, vol 2. Regional development and strategies for breaking the double trap] (Istanbul: TURKONFED)
  • Zürcher, EJ (2004) Turkey: a modern history (London: IB Tauris)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.