Bystanders’ roles and children with special educational needs in bullying situations among preschool-aged children

References

• Alsaker, F. D. 2012. Mutig gegen mobbing in kindergarten und schule. Bern: Verlag Hans Huber.
   Google Scholar
• Alsaker, F. D., and S. Valkanover. 2001. “Early Diagnosis and Prevention of Victimization in Kindergarten.” In Peer Harassment in School: The Plight of the Vulnerable and Victimized, edited by J. Juvonen and S. Graham, 175–196. New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Alsaker, F. D., and Nägele, C. 2008. Bullying in Kindergarten and Prevention. In Understanding and Addressing Bullying: An International Perspective, edited by D. Pepler and W. Craig, 230–252. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse.
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister, A. L., E. A. Storch, and G. R. Geffen. 2008. “Peer Victimization in Children with Learning Disabilities.” Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 25: 11–23.10.1007/s10560-007-0109-6
   Google Scholar
• Berkowitz, L. 1989. “Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis: Examination and Reformulation.” Psychological Bulletin 106: 59–73.10.1037/0033-2909.106.1.59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björkqvist, K., K. Ekman, and K. Lagerspetz. 1982. “Bullies and Victims: Their Ego Picture, Ideal Ego Picture and Normative Ego Picture.” Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 23: 307–313.10.1111/j.1467-9450.1982.tb00445.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björqvist, K., K. M. Lagerspetz, and A. Kaukiainen. 1992. “Do Girls Manipulate and Boys Fight? Developmental Trends in Regard to Direct and Indirect Aggression.” Aggressive Behavior 18: 117–127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boivin, M., S. Hymel, and W. M. Bukowski. 1995. “The Roles of Social Withdrawal, Peer Rejection, and Victimization by Peers in Predicting Loneliness and Depressed Mood in Childhood.” Development and Psychopathology 7 (4): 765–785.10.1017/S0954579400006830
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brendgen, M., F. Vitaro, R. E. Tremblay, and F. Lavoie. 2001. “Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Predictions to Physical Violence in Different Contexts and Moderating Effects of Parental Monitoring and Caregiving Behavior.” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 29: 293–304.10.1023/A:1010305828208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copeland, W. E., D. Wolke, A. Angold, and J. Costello. 2013. “Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and Being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence.” JAMA Psychiatry 70 (4): 419–426.10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowie, H., and J. Dawn. 2008. New Perspectives on Bullying. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Crick, N. R., J. F. Casas, and M. Mosher. 1997. “Relational and Overt Aggression in Preschool.” Developmental Psychology 33: 579–588.10.1037/0012-1649.33.4.579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fandrem, H., D. Sthohmeier, and E. Roland. 2009. “Bullying and Victimization among Native and Immigrant Adolescents in Norway: The Role of Proactive and Reactive Aggressiveness.” Journal of Early Adolescence 29 (6): 898–923.10.1177/0272431609332935
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frederickson, N. 2010. Bullying or Befriending? Children’s Responses to Classmates with Special Needs. British Journal of Special Education. 37 (1): 4–12.
   Google Scholar
• Hanish, L. D., B. Kochenderfer-Ladd, R. A. Fabes, C. L. Martin, and D. Denning. 2004. “Bullying among Young Children: The Influence of Peers and Teachers.” In Bullying in American Schools: A Social Ecological Perspective on Prevention and Intervention, edited by D. L. Espelage and S. Swearer, 141–160. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Hanson, M. J., E. Horn, P. Beckman, M. Morgan, J. Marquart, D. Barnwell, and H.-Y. Chou. 2001. “After Preschool Inclusion: Children’s Educational Pathways over the Early School Years.” Exceptional Children 68 (1): 65–83.10.1177/001440290106800104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Höistad, G. 2005. Mobbning och människovärde. Om förtryck, utanförskap och vad vi kan göra [Bullying and Human Dignity. About Oppression, Exclusion and What to Do]. 3rd ed. Solna: Ekelunds.
   Google Scholar
• Kasvun ja oppimisen tuen linjaukset varhaiskasvatuksessa. 2012. Työryhmän raportti 4.9.2012 [Guidelines for Growth and Learning for Children with Special Educational Needs]. Vantaa. http://www.vantaa.fi/instancedata/prime_product_julkaisu/vantaa/embeds/vantaawwwstructure/86546_www_varhaiserityiskasvatus_raportti_2012.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kirves, L., and N. Sajaniemi. 2012. “Bullying in Early Educational Settings.” Early Child Development and Care 182 (3–4): 383–400.10.1080/03004430.2011.646724
   Google Scholar
• Kochenderfer, B., and G. W. Ladd. 1996. “Peer Victimization: Manifestations and Relations to School Adjustment in Kindergarten.” Journal of School Psychology 34: 267–283.10.1016/0022-4405(96)00015-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S.-H., P. K. Smith, and C. Monks. 2011. “Perception of Bullying-like Phenomena in South Korea: A Qualitative Approach from a Lifespan Perspective.” Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 3: 210–221.10.1108/17596591111187738
   Google Scholar
• Lyons, J., L. A. Serbin, and K. Marchessault. 1988. “The Social Behavior of Peer-Identified Aggressive, Withdrawn, and Aggressive/Withdrawn Children.” Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 16: 605–552.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McManus, B. M., A. C. Carle, and M. J. Rapport. 2014. “Classifying Infants and Toddlers with Developmental Vulnerability: Who is Most Likely to Receive Early Intervention?” Child: Care, Health and Development 40 (2): 205–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merk, W., O. de Castro, W. Koops, and W. Matthys. 2005. “The Distinction between Reactive and Proactive Aggression: Utility for Theory, Diagnosis and Treatment?” European Journal of Developmental Psychology 2 (2): 197–220.10.1080/17405620444000300
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monks, C. P. 2011. “Peer-Victimization in Preschool.” In Bullying in Different Contexts, edited by C. P. Monks and I. Coyne, 13–36. New York: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511921018
   Google Scholar
• Monks, C., R. O. Ruiz, and E. T. Val. 2002. “Unjustified Aggression in Preschool.” Aggressive Behavior 28: 458–476.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monks, C., and P. K. Smith. 2010. “Peer, Self and Teacher Nominations of Participant Roles Taken in Victimization by Five- and Eight-Years-Old.” Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 2 (4): 4–14.10.5042/jacpr.2010.0532
   Google Scholar
• Monks, C., P. Smith, and K. Swettenham. 2005. “Psychological Correlates of Peer Victimization in Preschool: Social Cognitive Skills, Executive Function and Attachment Profiles.” Aggressive Behavior 31: 571–588.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilholm, C., L. Almqvist, K. Göransson, and G. Lindqvist. 2013. “Is It Possible to Get Away from Disability Based Classifications’ in Education? An Empirical Investigation of the Swedish System.” Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research 15 (4): 379–391.10.1080/15017419.2012.735201
   Google Scholar
• Olweus, D. 1993. Bullying at School: What We Know and What We Can Do. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Ostrov, J. M., G. M. Masseti, K. Stauffer, S. A. Godleski, K. C. Hart, K. M. Karch, A. D. Mullins, and E. E. Ries. 2009. “An Intervention for Relational and Physical Aggression in Early Childhood: A Preliminary Study.” Early Childhood Research Quarterly 24: 15–28.10.1016/j.ecresq.2008.08.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perren, S. 2000. “Kindergarten Children Involved in Bullying: Social Behavior, Peer Relationships, and Social Status.” PhD diss., University of Berne.
   Google Scholar
• Perren, S., and F. Alsaker. 2006. “Social Behavior and Peer Relationships of Victims, Bully-Victims, and Bullies in Kindergarten.” Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47: 45–57.10.1111/jcpp.2006.47.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pihlaja, P. 2009. “Erityisen tuen käytännöt varhaiskasvatuksessa –näkökulmana inkluusio.” [Special Education Practices in Early Childhood Education of a Perceptive of Inclusion.] Kasvatus 2: 146–156.
   Google Scholar
• Pikas, A. 1987. Så Bekämpar Vi Mobbning I Skolan [How So We Tackle School Bullying]. Uppsala: AMA Dataservice.
   Google Scholar
• Pöyhönen, V. 2013. “Defending Behavior in Bullying Situations.” PhD diss., University of Turku.
   Google Scholar
• Repo, L., and S. Sajaniemi. in press. “Prevention of Bullying in Early Educational Settings: Pedagogical and Organizational Factors Related to Bullying.” European Early Childhood Education Research Journal.
   Google Scholar
• Rigby, K., and P. Slee. 1991. “Bullying among Australian School Children: Reported Behavior and Attitudes toward Victims.” Journal of Social Psychology 131: 615–627.10.1080/00224545.1991.9924646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, C. A., L. E. Monda-Amaya, and D. I. Espelage. 2011. “Bullying Perpetration and Victimization in Special Education: A Review of the Literature.” Remedial and Special Education 32: 114–130.10.1177/0741932510361247
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmivalli, C. 2009a. “Bullying and the Peer Group: A Review.” Aggression and Violent Behavior 15: 112–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmivalli, C. 2009b. Bullying is a Group Phenomenon – What Does It Mean and Why Does It Matter. http://www.education.com/reference/article/peer-social-group-role-in-bullying/?page=2
   Google Scholar
• Salmivalli, C., K. Lagerspetz, K. Björkqvist, K. Österman, and A. Kaukiainen. 1996. “Bullying as a Group Process: Participant Roles and Their Relations to Social Status within the Group.” Aggressive Behavior 22: 1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmivalli, C., and E. Nieminen. 2002. “Proactive and Reactive Aggression among School Bullies, Victims, and Bully-Victims.” Aggressive Behavior 28: 30–44.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmivalli, C., M. Voeten, and E. Poskiparta. 2011. “Bystanders Matter: Association between Reinforcing, Defending and the Frequency of Bullying Behavior in Classrooms.” Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 40 (5): 668–676.10.1080/15374416.2011.597090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, P. K., H. Cowie, R. E. Olafsson, and A. P. D. Liefooghe. 2002. “Definitions of Bullying: A Comparison of Terms Used, and Age and Gender Differences, in a Fourteen-Country International Comparison.” Child Development 73 (4): 1119–1133.10.1111/cdev.2002.73.issue-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Son, E., S. L. Parish, and N. A. Peterson. 2012. “National Prevalence of Peer Victimization among Young Children with Disabilities in the United States.” Children and Youth Services Review 34: 1540–1545.10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.04.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sourander, A., J. Ronning, A. Brunstein-Klomek, D. Gyllenberg, K. Kumpulainen, S. Niemelä, H. Helenius, et al. 2009. “Childhood Bullying Behavior and Later Psychiatric Hospital and Psychopharmacologic Treatment: Findings from the Finnish 1981 Birth Cohort Study.” Archives of General Psychiatry 66 (9): 1005–1012.10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.122
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stack, D. M., J. P. Martin, L. A. Serbin, J. Ledingham, and A. E. Schwatzman. 2011. “Fostering Healthy Interaction Patterns: Lessons Learned from Research with a High-Risk Community Sample.” In Creating a World without Bullying, PREVNet Series 3, edited by D. Pepler, J. Cummings and W. Graig, 17–36. Ottawa: National Printers.
   Google Scholar
• Swearer, S. M., C. Wang, J. W. Maag, A. B. Siebecker, and L. J. Frerichs. 2012. “Understanding the Bullying Dynamic among Students in Special and General Education.” Journal of School Psychology 50: 503–520.10.1016/j.jsp.2012.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay, R. 2000. “The Development of Aggressive Behavior during Childhood: What Have We Learned in the past Century?” International Journal of Behavioral Development 24: 129–141.10.1080/016502500383232
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ttofi, M. M., and D. P. Farrington. 2011. “Effectiviness of School-Based Programs to Reduce Bullying: A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review.” Journal of Exprimental Criminology 7 (1): 27–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaillancourt, T., M. Brendgen, M. Boivin, and R. E. Tremblay. 2003. “A Longitudinal Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Indirect and Physical Aggression: Evidence of Two Factors over Time?” Child Development 74 (6): 1628–1638.10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00628.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vantaa pocket info. 2012. http://www.vantaa.fi/instancedata/prime_product_julkaisu/vantaa/embeds/vantaawwwstructure/92887_Taskutilasto2013_EN.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Vitiello, B., and D. M. Stoff. 1997. “Subtypes of Aggression and Their Relevance to Child Psychiatry.” Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36: 307–315.10.1097/00004583-199703000-00008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlachou, M., K. Botsoglou, and E. Andreou. 2013. “Assessing Bully/Victim Problems in Preschool Children: A Multimethod Approach.” Journal of Criminology 2013. 8 pages. Article ID 301658.
   Google Scholar
• Whitney, I., P. K. Smith, and D. Thompson. 1994. Bullying and Children with Special Educational Needs. In. School Bullying: Insights and Perspectives. edited by P. K. Smith and S. Sharp, 213–240. London: Routlegde
   Google Scholar