3,523
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Papers

Intersectional inequalities and the U.S. opioid crisis: challenging dominant narratives and revealing heterogeneities

ORCID Icon, , , , &
Pages 398-414 | Received 24 Oct 2018, Accepted 24 May 2019, Published online: 19 Jun 2019

References

  • Alexander, M. J., Kiang, M. V., & Barbieri, M. (2018). Trends in black and white opioid mortality in the United States, 1979–2015. Epidemiology, 29(5), 707–715.
  • Axelsson Fisk, S., Mulinari, S., Wemrell, M., Leckie, G., Perez-Vicente, R., & Merlo, J. (2018). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Sweden: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy. Social Science & Medicine (Population Health), 4, 334–346.
  • Bauer, G. R. (2014). Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity. Social Science & Medicine, 110, 10–17.
  • Bechteler, S. S., & Kane-Willis, K. (2017). Whitewashed: The African American opioid epidemic. https://www.thechicagourbanleague.org/cms/lib/IL07000264/Centricity/Domain/1/Whitewashed%20AA%20Opioid%20Crisis%2011-15-17_EMBARGOED_%20FINAL.pdf
  • Berkman, L. F., & Kawachi, I. (Eds.). (2000). Social epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bonnie, R. J., Kesselheim, A. S., & Clark, D. J. (2017). Both urgency and balance needed in addressing opioid epidemic: A report from the national academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine. Jama, 318(5), 423–424.
  • Browne, W. J. (2017). MCMC estimation in MLwiN v3.00.
  • Carey, G., Crammond, B., & De Leeuw, E. (2015). Towards health equity: A framework for the application of proportionate universalism. International Jounal for Equity in Health, 14(81). doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0207-6
  • CDC. (2018). Overdose deaths involving prescription opioids. Date Accessed, February 15, 2019 Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/data/prescribing.html.
  • Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. (2016). 2015 national survey on drug use and health public use file codebook. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Retrieved from https://www.datafiles.samhsa.gov/study-dataset/national-survey-drug-use-and-health-2015-nsduh-2015-ds0001-nid16894
  • Charlton, C., Rashbash, J., Browne, W. J., Healy, M., & Cameron, B. (2017). MLwiN Version 3.00.
  • Choo, H. Y., & Ferree, M. M. (2010). Practicing intersectionality in sociological research: A critical analysis of inclusions, interactions, and institutions in the study of inequalities. Sociological Theory, 28(2), 129–149.
  • Collins, P. H., & Bilge, S. (2016). Intersectionality. Cambridge: Polity.
  • Conrad, P., & Kern, R. (1981). The social production of disease and illness. In P. Conrad & R. Kern (Eds.), The sociology of health and illness: Critical perspectives (pp. 9–11). New York: St. Martin’s Press.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 8(1), 139–167.
  • Cronrath, D. S. (May 9, 2018). Race and the opioid epidemic. Folio Weekly Retrieved from http://folioweekly.com/stories/race-and-the-opioid-epidemic,19717
  • Crutchfield, R. D., & Gove, W. R. (1984). Determinants of drug use: A test of the coping hypothesis. Social Science & Medicine, 18(6), 503–509.
  • Davis, J. H. (2017). Trump declares opioid crisis a ‘Health Emergency’ but Requests No Funds. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/26/us/politics/trump-opioid-crisis.html
  • Doyal, L. (1979). The policitcal economy of health. London: Pluto Press.
  • Evans, C. R. (2015). Innovative approaches to investigating social determinants of health - social networks, environmental effects and intersectionality. ( Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University, Boston, MA.
  • Evans, C. R. (2019). Modeling the intersectionality of processes in the social production of health inequalities. Social Science & Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.01.017
  • Evans, C. R., Williams, D. R., Onnela, J. P., & Subramanian, S. V. (2018). A multilevel approach to modeling health inequalities at the intersection of multiple social identities. Social Science & Medicine, 203, 64–73.
  • Ezenwa, M. O., Ameringer, S., Ward, S. E., & Serlin, R. C. (2006). Racial and ethnic disparities in pain management in the United States. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 38(3), 225–233.
  • Feagin, J., & Bennefield, Z. (2014). Systemic racism and U.S. health care. Social Science & Medicine, 103, 7–14.
  • Ferree, M. M., & Hall, E. J. (1996). Rethinking stratification from a feminist perspective: Gender, race, and class in mainstream textbooks. American Sociological Review, 61(6), 929–950.
  • Goldstein, H., Browne, W. J., & Rashbash, J. (2002). Partitioning variation in multilevel models. Understanding Statistics: Statistical Issues in Psychology, Education, and the Social Sciences, 1(4), 223–231.
  • Gravlee, C. C. (2009). How race becomes biology: Embodiment of social inequality. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 139(1), 47–57.
  • Green, C. R., Anderson, K. O., Baker, T. A., Campbell, L. C., Decker, S., Fillingim, R. B., … Vallerand, A. H. (2003). The unequal burden of pain: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in pain. Pain Medicine, 4(3), 277–294.
  • Green, M. A., Evans, C. R., & Subramanian, S. V. (2017). Can intersectionality theory enrich population health research? Social Science & Medicine, 178, 214–216.
  • Guy, G. P., Jr., Zhang, K., Bohm, M. K., Losby, J., Lewis, B., Young, R., … Dowell, D. (2017). Vital signs: Changes in opioid prescribing in the United States, 2006–2015. Morbidiity and Mortality Weekly Report, 66(26), 697–704.
  • Han, B., Compton, W. M., Blanco, C., Crane, E., Lee, J., & Jones, C. M. (2017). Prescription opioid use, misuse, and use disorders in US adults. Annals of Internal Medicine, 167(5), I24–I24.
  • Hansen, H., & Netherland, J. (2016). Is the prescription opioid epidemic a white problem? American Journal of Public Health, 106(12), 2127–2129.
  • Harrison, J. M., Lagisetty, P., Sites, B. D., Guo, C., & Davis, M. A. (2018). Trends in prescription pain medication use by race/ethnicity among US adults with noncancer pain, 2000–2015. American Journal of Public Health, 108(6), 788–790.
  • Hernández-Yumar, A., Wemrell, M., Abásolo Alessón, I., González López-Valcárce, B., Leckie, G., & Merlo, J. (2018). Socioeconomic differences in body mass index in Spain: An intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy. PLoS One, 13(12), e0208624.
  • Jones, K., Johnston, R., & Manley, D. (2016). Uncovering interactions in multivariate contingency tables: A multi-level modelling exploratory approach. Methodological Innovations, 9. doi: 10.1177/2059799116672874
  • Kaplan, J. (2014). The quality of data on “Race” and “Ethnicity”: Implications for health researchers, policy makers, and practitioners. Race and Social Problems, 6(3), 214–236.
  • Kaufman, J. S., & Cooper, R. S. (2010). The use of racial/ethnic categories in medical diangosis and treatment. In I. Whitmarsh & D. S. Jones (Eds.), What’s the use of race? Modern governance and the biology of difference (pp. 187–206). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  • King, N. B., Fraser, V., Boikos, C., Richardson, R., & Harper, S. (2014). Determinants of increased opioid-related mortality in the United States and Canada, 1990–2013: A systematic review. American Journal of Public Health, 104(8), E32–E42.
  • Kolodny, A., Courtwright, D. T., Hwang, C. S., Kreiner, P., Eadie, J. L., Clark, T. W., & Alexander, G. C. (2015). The prescription opioid and heroin crisis: A public health approach to an epidemic of addiction. Annu Rev Public Health, 36, 559–574.
  • Krieger, N. (2003). Does racism harm health? Did child abuse exist before 1962? On explicit questions, critical science, an current controversies: An ecosocial perspective. American Journal of Public Health, 93, 194–199.
  • Krieger, N. (2011). Epidemiology and the people’s health – Theory and context. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.
  • Laguna, S. (2018). Constructing drug using victims: Raceand class in policy debates on ecstasy use in the U.S. Contemporary Drug Problems, 45(1), 67–81.
  • Leckie, G., & Charlton, C. (2013). runmlwin – A program to run the MLwiN multilevel modelling software from within Stata. Journal of Statistical Software, 52(11), 1–40.
  • Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. (1995). Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 80–94. doi:10.2307/2626958
  • Lofters, A., & O’Campo, P. (2012). Differences that matter. In P. O’Campo & J. Dunn (Eds.), Rethinking social epidemiology: Towards a science of change (pp. 93–109). Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Manchikanti, L., Helm, S., 2nd, Fellows, B., Janata, J. W., Pampati, V., Grider, J. S., & Boswell, M. V. (2012). Opioid epidemic in the United States. Pain Physician, 15(3 Suppl), ES9–38.
  • Marmot, M., & Bell, R. (2012). Fair society, healthy lives. Public Health, 126(Supplement 1), S4–S10.
  • May, V. M. (2015). Pursuing intersectionality, unsettling dominant imaginaries. New York: Routledge.
  • McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs, 30(3), 1771–1800.
  • Merlo, J. (2018). Multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) within an intersectional framework. Social Science & Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.026
  • Merlo, J., Mulinari, S., Wemrell, M., Subramanian, S. V., & Hedblad, B. (2017). The tyranny of the averages and the indiscriminate use of risk factors in public health: The case of coronary heart disease. Social Science & Medicine (Population Health), 3, 684–698.
  • Monnat, S. M. (2017). Drugs, alcohol, and suicide represent growing share of U.S. mortality. In The Carsey school of public policy at the scholars’ repository (pp. 1–6). Durham, NH: Carsey School of Public Policy, University of New Hampshire. Retrieved from: https://scholars.unh.edu/carsey/292
  • Mossey, J. M. (2011). Defining racial and ethnic disparities in pain management. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 469(7), 1859–1870.
  • Mulinari, S., Wemrell, M., Rönnerstrand, B., Subramanian, S. V., & Merlo, J. (2018). Categorical and anti-categorical approaches to US racial/ethnic groupings: Revisiting the National 2009 H1N1 Flu Survey (NHFS). Critical Public Health, 28(2), 177–189.
  • Murakawa, N. (2011). TOOTHLESS the methamphetamine “Epidemic,” “Meth Mouth,” and the racial construction of drug scares. Du Bois Review-Social Science Research on Race, 8(1), 219–228.
  • Netherland, J., & Hansen, H. (2016). The war on drugs that wasn’t: Wasted whiteness, “Dirty Doctors,” and race in media coverage of prescription opioid misuse. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 40(4), 664–686.
  • Netherland, J., & Hansen, H. (2017). White opioids: Pharmaceutical race and the war on drugs that wasn’t. Biosocieties, 12(2), 217–238.
  • Nicholson, H. L., & Ford, J. A. (2018). Correlates of prescription opioid misuse among black adults: Findings from the 2015 national survey on drug use and health. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 186, 264–267.
  • Nowotny, K. M., Rogers, R. G., & Boardman, J. D. (2017). Racial disparities in health conditions among prisoners compared with the general population. Social Science & Medicine (Population Health), 3, 487–496.
  • O’Campo, P., & Dunn, J. R. (2012). Rethinking social epidemiology: Towards a science of change. Dordrecht and New York: Springer.
  • Olofsson, A., Zinn, J. O., Griffin, G., Nygren, K. G., Cebulla, A., & Hannah-Moffat, K. (2014). The mutual constitution of risk and inequalities: Intersectional risk theory. Health, Risk & Society, 16(5), 417–430.
  • Peterson, K., & Armour, S. (2018). Opioid Vs. crack: Congress reconsiders its approach to drug epidemic. The Wall Street Journal, Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/opioid-v-crack-congress-reconsiders-its-approach-to-drug-epidemic-1525518000
  • Phelan, J. C., & Link, B. G. (2015). Is racism a fundamental cause of inequalities in health? Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 311–330.
  • Pletcher, M. J., Kertesz, S. G., Kohn, M. A., & Gonzales, R. (2008). Trends in opioid prescribing by race/ethnicity for patients seeking care in us emergency departments. Jama, 299(1), 70–78.
  • Provine, D. M. (2007). Unequal under law: Race in the war on drugs. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Rasbash, J., Steele, F., Browne, W. J., & Goldstein, H. (2017). A user’s guide to MLwiN v3.00. Bristol, UK: Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.
  • Reinarman, C. (1994). The social construction of drug scares. In P. A. Adler & P. Adler (Eds.), Constructions of deviance: Social power, context, and interaction (pp. 92–105). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
  • Rigg, K. K., & Monnat, S. M. (2015). Urban vs. rural differences in prescription opioid misuse among adults in the United States: Informing region specific drug policies and interventions. International Journal of Drug Policy, 26(5), 484–491.
  • Scholl, L., Seth, P., Kariisa, M., Wilson, N., & Baldwin, G. (2019). Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths — United States, 2013–2017. Morbidiity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(5152), 1419–1427.
  • Schuchat, A., Houry, D., & Guy, G. P., Jr. (2017). New data on opioid use and prescribing in the united states. Jama, 318(5), 425–426.
  • Schultz, A. J., & Mullings, L. (Eds.). (2006). Gender, race, class, and health: Intersectional approaches. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Sen, G., Iyer, A., & Mukherjee, C. (2009). A methodology to analyse the intersections of social inequalities in health. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 10(3), 397–415.
  • Seth, P., Scholl, L., Rudd, R. A., & Bacon, S. (2018). Overdose deaths involving opioids, cocaine, and psychostimulants – United States, 2015–2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 67(12), 349–358.
  • Singhal, A., Tien, -Y.-Y., & Hsia, R. Y. (2016). Racial-ethnic disparities in opioid prescriptions at emergency department visits for conditions commonly associated with prescription drug abuse. PLoS One, 11(8), e0159224.
  • Stanistreet, D. (2005). Constructions of marginalised masculinities among young men who die through opiate use. International Journal of Men’s Health, 4(3), 243–265.
  • Steele, F. (2008). Introduction to multilevel modelling concepts. Module 5. Bristol, UK: Centre for Multilevel Modelling, University of Bristol.
  • U.S. Bureau of the Census. (2015). Poverty threshold by size of famiy and number of children. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/income-poverty/historical-poverty-thresholds.html
  • Valles, S. A. (2012). Heterogeneity of risk within racial groups, a challenge for public health programs. Preventive Medicine, 55(5), 405–408.
  • Veenstra, G. (2013). Race, gender, class, sexuality (RGCS) and hypertension. Social Science & Medicine, 89, 16–24.
  • Wemrell, M., Merlo, J., Mulinari, S., & Hornborg, A. C. (2016). Contemporary epidemiology: A review of critical discussions within the discipline and a call for further dialogue with social theory. Sociological Compass, 10(2), 153–171.
  • Wemrell, M., Mulinari, S., & Merlo, J. (2017a). An intersectional approach to multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity (MAIH) and discriminatory accuracy. Social Science & Medicine, 178, 217–219.
  • Wemrell, M., Mulinari, S., & Merlo, J. (2017b). Intersectionality and risk for ischemic heart disease in Sweden: Categorical and anti-categorical approaches. Social Science & Medicine, 177, 213–222.
  • Yedinak, J., Kinnard, E., Hadland, S., Green, T., Clark, M., & Marshall, B. (2016). Social context and perspectives of non-medical prescription opioid use among young adults in Rhode Island: A qualitative study. The American Journal on Addictions, 25, 659–665.