Negotiating authoritarian law and (dis)order: medicines, drug shops, and regulators in a poor Yangon suburb

References

• Azam, A. (2014). Health Care for the urban poor in Myanmar. Hera: Right to health and development. https://careersdocbox.com/70229855-Nursing/Health-care-for-the-urban-poor-in-myanmar-assessment-to-identify-the-scope-of-problem-and-intervention-options-consultancy-mission-report.html
   Google Scholar
• Bacchi, C. (2016). Problematizations in health policy: Questioning how “problems” are constituted in policies. Sage Open, 6(2). 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016653986
   Google Scholar
• Bowcott, O. (2019, December 11). Aung San Suu Kyi tells court: Myanmar genocide claims ‘factually misleading’. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/dec/11/aung-san-suu-kyi-tells-icj-myanmar-genocide-claims-factually-misleading
   Google Scholar
• Broom, A., Kenny, K., Kirby, E., George, N., & Chittem, M. (2020a). Improvisation, therapeutic brokerage and antibiotic (mis) use in India: A qualitative interview study of Hyderabadi physicians and pharmacists. Critical Public Health,30(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2018.1516032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broom, A., Kenny, K., Prainsack, B., & Broom, J. (2020b). Antimicrobial resistance as a problem of values? Views from three continents. Critical Public Health,6(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2020
   Google Scholar
• Cheesman, N. (2009). Thin rule of law or un-rule of law in Myanmar? Pacific Affairs, 82(4), 597–613. https://doi.org/10.5509/2009824597
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheesman, N. (2014). What does the rule of law have to do with democratization (in Myanmar)? South East Asia Research, 22(2), 213–232. https://doi.org/10.5367/sear.2014.0203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Food and Drug Administration. (2020). Regulations [webpage]. Ministry of Health and Sports, Republic of the Union of Myanmar. https://www.fda.gov.mm/?p=4481
   Google Scholar
• Given, L. M. (2008). The Sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods, (pp. 422–423). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Holloway, K. A., Rosella, L., & Henry, D. (2016). The impact of WHO essential medicines policies on inappropriate use of antibiotics. Plos One, 11(3), e0152020. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Htun Nyun, R., Aung-Than-Batu, H., N.,Tin, F. U. T., Myint, T., & Kyi, K. K. (1975). Chloroquine-resistant malaria in Burma. The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 78 (8), 186–189. PMID: 128638. https://europepmc.org/article/med/128638
   Google Scholar
• Maung Aung Myoe, (2014). The soldier and the state: The Tatmadaw and political liberalization in Myanmar since 2011. South East Asia Research, 22(2), 233–249. https://doi.org/10.5367/sear.2014.0205
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Action Plan for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance: Myanmar (NAP AMR). Ministry of Health and Sports, Republic of the Union of Myanmar. (2017). apps.who.int/datacol/answer_upload.asp?survey_id=666&view_id=722&question_id=13163&answer_id=19958&respondent_id=249312
   Google Scholar
• Oehlers, A. (2005). Public health in Burma: Anatomy of a crisis. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 35(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472330580000131
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry, P. J. (2007). Myanmar (Burma) since 1962: The failure of development. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Prasse-Freeman, E. (2015). Conceptions of justice and the rule of law. In D. I. Steinberg (Ed.), Myanmar: The dynamics of an evolving polity (pp. 89–114). Lynne Rienner.
   Google Scholar
• Prasse-Freeman, E., & Latt, P. W. (2018). Class and inequality. In A. Simpson, N. Farrelly, & I. Holliday (Eds.), Routledge handbook of contemporary Myanmar (pp. 404–416). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Rhoads, E. (2020). Informal (Justice) brokers: Buying, selling and disputing property in Yangon. In H. M. Kyed (Ed.), Everyday justice in Myanmar: Informal resolutions and state evasion in a time of contested transition (pp. 283–315). Nias Press.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, J. L. (2020, November 17). Nalehmu urbanism: The informal, intimate and relational economies of Yangon Street Vending. https://www.lse.ac.uk/seac/events/2020/seminar-roberts
   Google Scholar
• Sabai Phyu, Thandar Lwin, T., Ti Ti, Win Maung, Win W. Mar, San S. Shein, & Grewal, H. M. (2005). Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Yangon, Myanmar. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 37(11–12), 846–851. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365540500265065
   Google Scholar
• Sanchez, J. (2020). Blinded like a state? Urban sanitation, improvement and high modernism in contemporary Myanmar. Political Geography, 82, 102255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2020.102255
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seekins, D. (2009). State, society and natural disaster: Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar (Burma). Asian Journal of Social Science, 37(5), 717–737. https://doi.org/10.1163/156848409X12474536440500
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seekins, D. M. (2005). Burma and US sanctions: Punishing an authoritarian regime. Asian Survey, 45(3), 437–452. https://doi.org/10.1525/as.2005.45.3.437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shwe Yee San Myint. (2014a, July 21). Call for action on use of drugs in fish farming. Myanmar Times. https://www.mmtimes.com/national-news/11096-call-for-action-on-use-of-drugs-in-fish-farming.html
   Google Scholar
• Shwe Yee San Myint. (2014b). Mingalar market, an illegal medicine cabinet.Myanmar Times. https://www.mmtimes.com/national-news/11439-mingalar-market-an-illegal-medicine-cabinet.html
   Google Scholar
• Skidmore, M. (2003). Darker than midnight: Fear, vulnerability, and terror making in urban Burma (Myanmar). American Ethnologist, 30(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.2003.30.1.5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skidmore, M., & Wilson, T. (2008). Dictatorship, disorder and decline in Myanmar. ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stokke, K., & Soe Myint Aung.(2020). Transition to democracy or hybrid regime? The dynamics and outcomes of democratization in Myanmar. The European Journal of Development Research, 32, 274–293. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-019-00247–x
   Google Scholar
• The Global Fund. (2019). Focus on regional artemisinin-resistance initiative (RAI). https://www.theglobalfund.org/media/6509/publication_regionalartemisininresistanceinitiative_focuson_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• The Ministry of Health and Sports. (2018). First national multisectoral steering committee meeting combating AMR Myanmar [report]. http://mohs.gov.mm/Main/content/publication/antimicrobial-resistance-first-national-multi-sectoral-steering-committee-meeting-for-combating-antimicrobial-resistance
   Google Scholar
• The Union of Myanmar. (1992). National drug law. Ministry of Health, Republic of the Union of Myanmar. http://www.fdamyanmar.gov.mm/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Regulations-on-National-Drug-Law-min.pdf
   Google Scholar
• The Union of Myanmar. (2018). Amendment of the national drug law. Ministry of Health and Sports, Republic of the Union of Myanmar. https://www.fda.gov.mm/?p=166
   Google Scholar
• USAID. (2020). U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative Burma Malaria Operational Plan FY 2020. United States Agency for International Development. https://www.pmi.gov
   Google Scholar
• May Thandar Win (2016, September 19). The great medical brain drain. Frontier Myanmar. https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/the-great-medical-brain-drain/
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (2014). The Republic of the Union of Myanmar health system review. World Health Organization. https://iris.wpro.who.int/handle/10665.1/11354
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2015). Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/antimicrobial-resistance/global-action-plan/en/
   Google Scholar
• Zellweger, R. M., Carrique-Mas, J., Limmathurotsakul, D., Day, N. P. J., Thwaites, G. E., & Baker, S., & Southeast Asia Antimicrobial Resistance Network. (2017). A current perspective on antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asia. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(11), 2963–2972. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx260
   Google Scholar