References
- Anis, S. B., & Hayat, M. (1998). The Indian species of Homalotylus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Oriental Insects, 32(1), 191–218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1998.10433775
- Arshad, M., Ullah, M. I., Afzal, M., Zahid, S., & Riaz, M. (2020). First record of Oomyzus scaposus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), as a parasitoid of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Pakistan. EPPO Bulletin, 50(2), 288–291. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.12663
- Brown, P. M. J., Thomas, C. E., Lombaert, E., Jeffries, D. L., Estoup, A., & Handley, L. J. L. (2011). The global spread of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): distribution, dispersal and routes of invasion. BioControl, 56(4), 623–641. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-011-9379-1
- Ceryngier, P., & Hodek, I. (1996). Enemies of Coccinellidae. In I. Hodek, H. F. van Emden, & A. Honêk (Eds.), Ecology and behaviour of the ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) (pp. 319–350). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1349-8_8
- Ceryngier, P., Roy, H. E., & Poland, R. L. (2012). Natural enemies of ladybird. Beetles. In I. Hodek, H. F. van Emden, & A. Hondêk (Eds.), Ecology and behaviour of the ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) (pp. 375–443). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118223208.ch8
- Chau, A., & Mackauer, M. (2000). Host-instar selection in the aphid parasitoid Monoctonus paulensis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae): A preference for small pea aphids. European Journal of Entomology, 97(3), 347–353. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2000.052
- Dorn, S., & Beckage, N. (2007). Superparasitism in gregarious hymenopteran. Parasitoids: Ecological, behavioural and physiological perspectives. Physiological Entomology, 32(3), 199–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.2007.00576.x
- Faraway, J. J. (2016). Extending the linear model with R. CRC Press.
- Fei, M., Hu, H., Gols, R., Liu, S., Wan, X., Li, B., & Harvey, J. A. (2021). Development and oviposition strategies in two congeneric gregarious larval-pupal endoparasitoids of the seven-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata. Biological Control, 163, 104756. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2021.104756
- Godfray, H. C. J. (1994). Parasitoids: Behavioral and evolutionary ecology. Princeton University Press.
- Hågvar, E. B., & Hofsvang, T. (1991). Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiidae): biology, host selection and use in biological control. Biocontrol News and Information, 12(1), 13–41.
- Harvey, J. A. (2005). Factors affecting the evolution of development strategies in parasitoid wasps: The importance of functional constraints and incorporating complexity. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 117(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2005.00348.x
- Harvey, J. A., & Strand, M. R. (2002). The developmental strategies of endoparasitoid wasps vary with host feeding ecology. Ecology, 83(9), 2439–2451. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2439:TDSOEW]2.0.CO;2
- Hoffmann, J. A. (2003). The immune response of Drosophila. Nature, 426(6962), 33–38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02021
- Iperti, G. (1964). Les parasites des Coccinelles aphidiphages dans les Alpes-Maritimes et les Basses-Alpes. Entomophaga, 9(2), 153–180. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02376737
- Kadono-Okuda, K., Weyda, F., & Okuda, T. (1998). Dinocampus (= Perilitus) coccinellae teratocyte-specific polypeptide: Its accumulative property, localization and characterization. Journal of Insect Physiology, 44(11), 1073–1080. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1910(98)00063-8
- Klausnitzer, B. (1969). Zur Kenntnis der Entomoparasiten mitteleuropaischer Coccinellidae. Abhandlungen aus dem Berlin Museum, Goerlitz, 44(9), 1–15.
- Koch, R. L. (2003). The multicolored Asian lady beetle, Harmonia axyridis: A review of its biology, uses in biological control, and non-target impacts. Journal of Insect Science, 3(32), 1–6. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/jis/3.1.32
- Kouamé, K. L., & Mackauer, M. (1991). Influence of aphid size, age and behaviour on host choice by the parasitoid wasp Ephedrus californicus: A test of host-size models. Oecologia, 88(2), 197–203. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00320811
- Lavine, M. D., & Strand, M. R. (2002). Insect hemocytes and their role in cellular. Immune responses. Insect Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 32(10), 1237–1242. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-1748(02)00092-9
- Lenth, R., Singmann, H., Love, J., Buerkner, P., & Herve, M. (2020). Emmeans: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means. R package version 1.5.0. https://CRAN.R-Project.Org/Package = emmeans. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages=emmeans
- Li, H., Li, B., Lövei, G. L., Kring, T. J., & Obrycki, J. J. (2021). Interactions among native and non-native predatory coccinellidae influence biological control and biodiversity. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 114(2), 119–136. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/saaa047
- Michaud, J. P. (2012). Coccinellids in biological control. In I. Hodek, H. F. van Emden, & A. Hondêk (Eds.), Ecology and behaviour of the ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae) (pp. 488–519). Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118223208.ch11
- Obrycki, J. J., Tauber, M. J., & Tauber, C. A. (1985). Perilitus coccinellae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Parasitization and development in relation to host-stage attacked. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 78(6), 852–854. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/78.6.852
- Pennacchio, F., & Strand, M. R. (2006). Evolution of developmental strategies in parasitic Hymenoptera. Annual Review of Entomology, 51(1), 233–258. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151029
- Quicke, D. L. (1997). Parasitic wasps. Chapmann & Hall.
- R Core Team. (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for statistical computing. https://www.R-project.org/
- Raak-van den Berg, C. L., Hemerik, L., van der Werf, W., de Jong, P. W., & van Lenteren, J. C. (2017). Life history of the harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis: A global meta-analysis. BioControl, 62(3), 283–296. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-017-9805-0
- Richerson, J. V., & DeLoach, C. J. (1972). Some aspects of host selection by Perilitus coccinellae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 65(4), 834–839. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/65.4.834
- Rondoni, G., Borges, I., Collatz, J., Conti, E., Costamagna, A. C., Dumont, F., Evans, E. W., Grez, A. A., Howe, A. G., Lucas, E., Maisonhaute, JÉ, Onofre Soares, A., Zaviezo, T., & Cock, M. J. W. (2021). Exotic ladybirds for biological control of herbivorous insects–a review. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 169(1), 6–27. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.12963
- Roy, H. E., Brown, P. M. J., Adriaens, T., Berkvens, N., Borges, I., Clusella-Trullas, S., Comont, R. F., De Clercq, P., Eschen, R., Estoup, A., Evans, E. W., Facon, B., Gardiner, M. M., Gil, A., Grez, A. A., Guillemaud, T., Haelewaters, D., Herz, A., Honek, A., … Zhao, Z. (2016). The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis: Global perspectives on invasion history and ecology. Biological Invasions, 18(4), 997–1044. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1077-6
- Song, H., Meng, L., & Li, B. (2017). Fitness consequences of body-size-dependent parasitism in a gregarious parasitoid attacking the 7-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Biological Control, 113, 73–79. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2017.07.006
- Strand, M. R. (2000). Developmental traits and life-history evolution in parasitoids. In M. E. Hochberg & A. R. Ives (Eds.), Parasitoid population biology (pp. 139–162). Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1h9dh14.14
- Strand, M. R., & Casas, J. (2008). Parasitoid and host nutritional physiology in behavioral ecology. In É Wajnberg, C. Bernstein, & J. van Alphen (Eds.), Behavioral ecology of insect parasitoids, from theoretical approaches to field applications (pp. 113–128). Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Strand, M. R., & Pech, L. L. (1995). Immunological compatibility in parasitoid–host relationships. Annual Review of Entomology, 40(1), 31–56. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.40.010195.000335
- Tang, Y., & Zhao, J. (1997). Two new species of the genus Homalotylus Mayr from China (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Journal of Hubei University (Natural Science), 19(4), 85–87.
- Trjapitzin, V. A., & Triapitsyn, S. V. (2003). A new species of Homalotylus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from Mexico, parasitoid of Azya orbigeraorbigera (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomological News, 114(4), 192–196.
- van Emden, H. F., & Harrington, R. (2007). Aphids as crop pests. CABI Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.02.0001br.