References
- Aguinis, H. (2013). Performance management. Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Allen, N., & Meyer, J. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00506.x
- Andersen, L., Heinesen, E., & Pedersen, L. (2014). How does public service motivation among teachers affect student performance in schools? Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 24(3), 651–671. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mut082
- Armstrong, M. (2017). Armstrong on reinventing performance management: Building a culture of continuous improvement. Kogan Page Ltd.
- Audenaert, M., Decramer, A., George, B., Verschuere, B., & Van Waeyenberg, T. (2019). When employee performance management affects individual innovation in public organizations: The role of consistency and LMX. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(5), 815–834.
- Bach, S., & Bordogna, L. (2011). Varieties of new public management or alternative models? The reform of public service employment relations in industrialized democracies. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(11), 2281–2294. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.584391
- Bakker, A., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
- Bauwens, R., Audenaert, M., Huisman, J., & Decramer, A. (2019). Performance management fairness and burnout: Implications for organizational citizenship behaviors. Studies in Higher Education, 44(3), 584–598.
- Bednall, T., Sanders, K., & Runhaar, P. (2014). Stimulating informal learning activities through perceptions of performance appraisal quality and human resource management system strength: A two-wave study. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 13(1), 45–61. doi:https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2012.0162
- Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley.
- Bos-Nehles, A., & Meijerink, J. (2018). HRM implementation by multiple HRM actors: A social exchange perspective. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(22), 3025–3068. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1443958
- Bowen, D., & Ostroff, C. (2004). Understanding HRM-firm performance linkages: The role of the “strength” of the HRM system. Academy of Management Review, 29(2), 203–221. doi:https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2004.12736076
- Brown, M., & Benson, J. (2005). Managing to overload? Work overload and performance appraisal processes. Group & Organization Management, 30(1), 99–124. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601104269117
- Brown, M., Hyatt, D., & Benson, J. (2010). Consequences of the performance appraisal experience. Personnel Review, 39(3), 375–396. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481011030557
- Conway, E., Fu, N., Monks, K., Alfes, K., & Bailey, C. (2016). Demands or resources? The relationship between HR practices, employee engagement, and emotional exhaustion within a hybrid model of employment relations. Human Resource Management, 55(5), 901–917. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21691
- Cropanzano, R., Rupp, D., & Byrne, Z. (2003). The relationship of emotional exhaustion to work attitudes, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(1), 160–169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.1.160
- Day, C. (2008). Committed for life? Variations in teachers’ work, lives and effectiveness. Journal of Educational Change, 9(3), 243–260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-007-9054-6
- Decramer, A., Audenaert, M., Van Waeyenberg, T., Claeys, T., Claes, C., Vandevelde, S., van Loon, J., & Crucke, S. (2015). Does performance management affect nurses’ well-being?. Evaluation and Program Planning, 49, 98–105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2014.12.018
- Decramer, A., Smolders, C., Vanderstraeten, A., & Christiaens, J. (2012). The impact of institutional pressures on employee performance management systems in higher education in the low countries. British Journal of Management, 23, S88–S103. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00820.x
- Demerouti, E., Bakker, A., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
- Demerouti, E., Mostert, K., & Bakker, A. (2010). Burnout and work engagement: A thorough investigation of the independency of both constructs. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 15(3), 209–222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019408
- Den Hartog, D., Boon, C., Verburg, R., & Croon, M. (2013). HRM, communication, satisfaction, and perceived performance: A cross-level test. Journal of Management, 39(6), 1637–1665. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312440118
- Den Hartog, D., Boselie, P., & Paauwe, J. (2004). Performance management: A model and research agenda. Applied Psychology, 53(4), 556–569. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2004.00188.x
- DeNisi, A., & Murphy, K. (2017). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 421–433. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000085
- DeNisi, A., & Smith, C. (2014). Performance appraisal, performance management, and firm-level performance: A review, a proposed model, and new directions for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 127–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2014.873178
- Department of Education. (2007). Omzendbrief omtrent fucntiebeschrijving en evaluatie. (Letter to the schools about job descriptions and evaluation). Department of Education.
- Department of Education. (2016). Vlaams onderwijs in cijfers 2015–2016. (Flemish education in numbers 2015–2016). Department of Education.
- Dewettinck, K., & Remue, J. (2011). Contextualizing HRM in comparative research: The role of the Cranet network. Human Resource Management Review, 21(1), 37–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.010
- Diefenbach, T. (2009). New public management in public sector organizations: The dark sides of managerialistic ‘enlightenment. Public Administration, 87(4), 892–909. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2009.01766.x
- Edgar, F., Geare, A., Halhjem, M., Reese, K., & Thoresen, C. (2015). Well-being and performance: Measurement issues for HRM research. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(15), 1983–1994. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1041760
- European Commission. (2013). Key data on education in Europe 2012. Publications office of the European Union.
- Farndale, E., & Kelliher, C. (2013). Implementing performance appraisal: Exploring the employee experience. Human Resource Management, 52(6), 879–897. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21575
- Franco-Santos, M., & Doherty, N. (2017). Performance management and well-being: A close look at the changing nature of the UK higher education workplace. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(16), 2319–2350. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1334148
- Gerrish, E. (2016). The Impact of performance management on performance in public organizations: A meta‐analysis. Public Administration Review, 76(1), 48–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12433
- Grant, A., Christianson, M., & Price, R. (2007). Happiness, health, or relationships? Managerial practices and employee well-being tradeoffs. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(3), 51–63. doi:https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2007.26421238
- Guest, D. (2017). Human resource management and employee well‐being: Towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12139
- Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
- Hakanen, J., Bakker, A., & Schaufeli, W. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of School Psychology, 43(6), 495–513. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2005.11.001
- Hauff, S., Alewell, D., & Hansen, N. (2017). HRM system strength and HRM target achievement: Toward a broader understanding of HRM processes. Human Resource Management, 56(5), 715–729. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21798
- Hewett, R., Shantz, A., Mundy, J., & Alfes, K. (2018). Attribution theories in human resource management research: A review and research agenda. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(1), 87–126. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1380062
- Hu, L., & Bentler, P. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Jiang, K., Lepak, D., Hu, J., &., & Baer, J. (2012). How does human resource management influence organizational outcomes? A meta-analytic investigation of mediating mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal, 55(6), 1264–1294. doi:https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0088
- Johnson, S., Cooper, C., Cartwright, S., Donald, I., Taylor, P., & Millet, C. (2005). The experience of work-related stress across occupations. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(2), 178–187. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940510579803
- Kelley, H. (1973). The processes of causal attribution. American Psychologist, 28(2), 107–128. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034225
- Knies, E., Boselie, P., Gould-Williams, J., & Vandenabeele, W. (2015). Special issue of International Journal of Human Resource Management: Strategic human resource management and public sector performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(3), 421–424. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.980127
- Kooij, D., Guest, D., Clinton, M., Knight, T., Jansen, P., & Dikkers, J. (2013). How the impact of HR practices on employee well-being and performance changes with age. Human Resource Management Journal, 23(1), 18–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12000
- Koustelios, A., & Tsigilis, N. (2005). The relationship between burnout and job satisfaction among physical education teachers: A multivariate approach. European Physical Education Review, 11(2), 189–203. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X05052896
- Marsh, H., Hau, K., Balla, J., & Grayson, D. (1998). Is more ever too much? The number of indicators per factor in confirmatory factor analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 33(2), 181–220. doi:https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr3302_1
- McNeish, D., Stapleton, L., & Silverman, R. (2017). On the unnecessary ubiquity of hierarchical linear modeling. Psychological Methods, 22(1), 114–140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000078
- Meyer, J., Allen, N., & Smith, C. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(4), 538–551. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.4.538
- Meyer, J., Stanley, D., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842
- Murphy, K. (2020). Performance evaluation will not die, but it should. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(1), 13–31. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12259
- Muthén, L., & Muthén, B. (2017). Mplus User’s Guide (Eighth Edition). Muthén & Muthén.
- Muthén, B., & Satorra, A. (1995). Complex data in structural equation modeling. Sociological Methodology, 25, 267–316. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/271070
- Nishii, L., & Wright, P. (2008). Variability within organizations: Implications for strategic human resource management. In D., Smith (Ed.), The people make the place. (pp. 225–248). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Ostroff, C., & Bowen, D. (2016). Reflections on the 2014 decade award: Is there strength in the construct of HR system strength? Academy of Management Review, 41(2), 196–214.
- Paauwe, J., & Farndale, E. (2017). Strategy, HRM, and performance: A contextual approach. Oxford University Press.
- Peccei, R. (2004). Human resource management and the search for the happy workplace. Erasmus Research Institute of Management.
- Peccei, R., & Van De Voorde, K. (2019). Human resource management – well-being – performance research revisited: Past, present, and future. Human Resource Management Journal, 29(4), 539–525. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12254
- Peccei, R., Van De Voorde, K., & Van Veldhoven, M. (2013). HRM, well-being and performance: A theoretical and empirical review. In J., Paauwe, D., Guest, & P., Wright (Eds.), Human resource management and performance: Achievements and challenges. (pp. 9–33). Wiley.
- Perry, J., & Wise, L. (1990). The motivational bases of public service. Public Administration Review, 50(3), 367–373. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/976618
- Pichler, S. (2012). The social context of performance appraisal and appraisal reactions: A meta‐analysis. Human Resource Management, 51(5), 709–732. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21499
- Podsakoff, P., MacKenzie, S., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.
- Pollitt, C., & Bouckaert, G. (2004). Public management reform: A comparative analysis. University Press.
- Posthuma, R., Campion, M., & Campion, M. (2018). A taxonomic foundation for evidence-based research on employee performance management. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(2), 168–187. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2018.1438411
- Pulakos, E., & O’Leary, R. (2011). Why is performance management broken? Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 4(2), 146–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2011.01315.x
- Saridakis, G., Lai, Y., & Cooper, C. (2017). Exploring the relationship between HRM and firm performance: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Human Resource Management Review, 27(1), 87–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.09.005
- Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66(4), 507–514. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02296192
- Schleicher, D. J., Baumann, H. M., Sullivan, D. W., Levy, P. E., Hargrove, D. C., & Barros-Rivera, B. A. (2018). Putting the system into performance management systems: A review and agenda for performance management research. Journal of Management, 44(6), 2209–2245. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206318755303
- Selden, S., & Sowa, J. (2011). Performance management and appraisal in human service organizations: Management and staff perspectives. Public Personnel Management, 40(3), 251–264. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/009102601104000305
- Shantz, A., Arevshatian, L., Alfes, K., & Bailey, C. (2016). The effect of HRM attributions on emotional exhaustion and the mediating roles of job involvement and work overload. Human Resource Management Journal, 26(2), 172–191. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12096
- Sharma, N., Sharma, T., & Agarwal, M. (2016). Measuring employee perception of performance management system effectiveness. Employee Relations, 38(2), 224–247. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-01-2015-0006
- Trullen, J., Stirpe, L., Bonache, J., & Valverde, M. (2016). The HR department's contribution to line managers' effective implementation of HR practices. Human Resource Management Journal, 26(4), 449–470.
- Tseng, S., & Levy, P. (2019). A multilevel leadership process framework of performance management. Human Resource Management Review, 29(4), 100668. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.10.001
- Tuytens, M., & Devos, G. (2018). Teacher evaluation policy as perceived by school principals: The case of Flanders (Belgium). Teachers and Teaching, 24(3), 209–222. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2017.1397508
- Van De Voorde, K., & Beijer, S. (2015). The role of employee HR attributions in the relationship between high‐performance work systems and employee outcomes. Human Resource Management Journal, 25(1), 62–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12062
- Van De Voorde, K., Paauwe, J., & Van Veldhoven, M. (2012). Employee well-being and the HRM - organizational performance relationship: A review of quantitative studies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(4), 391–407. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00322.x
- Van Veldhoven, M., & Peccei, R. (2015). Well-being and performance at work: The role of context. Psychology Press.
- Van Waeyenberg, T., & Decramer, A. (2018). Line managers’ AMO to manage employees’ performance: The route to effective and satisfying performance management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(22), 3093–3114. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1445656
- Van Waeyenberg, T., Decramer, A., Audenaert, M., & Desmidt, S. (2017). The relationship between employee performance management and civil servants’ turnover intentions: A test of the mediating roles of system satisfaction and affective commitment. Public Management Review, 19(6), 747–764. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2016.1209230
- Vekeman, E., Devos, G., & Tuytens, M. (2015). The influence of teachers’ expectations on principals’ implementation of a new teacher evaluation policy in Flemish secondary education. Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 27(2), 129–151. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11092-014-9203-4
- Vekeman, E., Devos, G., Valcke, M., & Rosseel, Y. (2018). Principals’ configuration of a bundle of human resource practices: Does it make a difference for the relationship between teachers’ fit, job satisfaction and intention to move to another school?. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 46(5), 820–840. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143217711189
- Warr, P. (1987). Work, unemployment, and mental health. Oxford University Press.
- Welbourne, T., Johnson, D., & Erez, A. (1998). The role-based performance scale: Validity analysis of a theory-based measure. Academy of Management Journal, 41(5), 540–555. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/256941
- Whitener, E. (2001). Do “high commitment” human resource practices affect employee commitment? A cross-level analysis using hierarchical linear modeling. Journal of Management, 27(5), 515–535. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(01)00106-4
- Yang, C., Nay, S., & Hoyle, R. (2010). Three approaches to using lengthy ordinal scales in structural equation models: Parceling, latent scoring, and shortening scales. Applied Psychological Measurement, 34(2), 122–142. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621609338592