When do daily unattained tasks boost job performance? The moderating role of employee reflexivity and mindfulness

References

• Aikens, K. A., Astin, J., Pelletier, K. R., Levanovich, K., Baase, C. M., Park, Y. Y., & Bodnar, C. M. (2014). Mindfulness goes to work: Impact of an online workplace intervention. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 56(7), 721–731. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baas, M., De Dreu, C. K., & Nijstad, B. A. (2011). When prevention promotes creativity: The role of mood, regulatory focus, and regulatory closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(5), 794–809. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource?Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1252–1265. [Database] https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. V., Abbey, S., Speca, M., Velting, D., & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowlin, S. L., & Baer, R. A. (2012). Relationships between mindfulness, self-control, and psychological functioning. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 411–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 211–237. [Database] https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598298
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunstein, J. (2000). Motivation and performance following failure: The effortful pursuit of self‐defining goals. Applied Psychology, 49(3), 340–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnes, B., & Cooke, B. (2013). Kurt Lewin’s field theory: A review and re‐evaluation. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15, 408–425.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catalino, L. I., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011). A Tuesday in the life of a flourisher: The role of positive emotional reactivity in optimal mental health. Emotion, 11(4), 938–950. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cope, J. (2003). Entrepreneurial learning and critical reflection: Discontinuous events as triggers for ‘higher-level’ learning. Management Learning, 34(4), 429–450. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350507603039067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dane, E. (2011). Paying attention to mindfulness and its effects on task performance in the workplace. Journal of Management, 37(4), 997–1018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206310367948
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daudelin, M. W. (1996). Learning from experience through reflection. Organizational Dynamics, 24, 36–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum.
   Google Scholar
• Demerouti, E., & Rispens, S. (2014) . Improving the image of student-recruited samples: A commentary. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12048
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, R., Ranson, S., & Strain, M. (2002). Reflexivity: Towards a theory of lifelong learning. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 21(6), 525–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260137022000016749
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, S., Carette, B., Anseel, F., & Lievens, F. (2014). Systematic reflection: Implications for learning from failures and successes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413504106
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foulk, T. A., Lanaj, K., & Krishnan, S. (2019). The virtuous cycle of daily motivation: Effects of daily strivings on work behaviors, need satisfaction, and next-day strivings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 104(6), 755–775. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glomb, T. M., Duffy, M. K., Bono, J. E., & Yang, T. (2011). Mindfulness at work. In J. Martocchio, H. Liao, & A. Joshi (Eds.), Research in personnel and human resource management (pp. 115–157). https://doi.org/10.1108/S0742-7301(2011)0000030005
   Google Scholar
• Good, D. J., Lyddy, C. J., Glomb, T. M., Bono, J. E., Brown, K. W., Duffy, M. K., Baer, R. A., Brewer, J. A., & Lazar, S. W. (2016). Contemplating mindfulness at work: An integrative review. Journal of Management, 42(1), 114–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315617003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin, M. A., Neal, A., & Parker, S. K. (2007). A new model of work role performance: Positive behavior in uncertain and interdependent contexts. Academy of Management Journal, 50(2), 327–347. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2007.24634438
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grover, S. L., Teo, S. T., Pick, D., & Roche, M. (2017). Mindfulness as a personal resource to reduce work stress in the job demands-resources model. Stress and Health, 33(4), 426–436. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hülsheger, U. R., Alberts, H. J., Feinholdt, A., & Lang, J. W. (2013). Benefits of mindfulness at work: The role of mindfulness in emotion regulation, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(2), 310–325. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimura, R., Mori, M., Tajima, M., Somemura, H., Sasaki, N., Yamamoto, M., Nakamura, S., Okanoya, J., Ito, Y., Otsubo, T., & Tanaka, K. (2015). Effect of a brief training program based on cognitive behavioral therapy in improving work performance: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Occupational Health, 57(2), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1539/joh.14-0208-OA
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinger, E. (1975). Consequences of commitment to and disengagement from incentives. Psychological Review, 82(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076171
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaHuis, D. M., & Ferguson, M. W. (2009). The accuracy of significance tests for slope variance components in multilevel random coefficient models. Organizational Research Methods, 12(3), 418–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428107308984
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai, X., Li, F., & Leung, K. (2013). A Monte Carlo study of the effects of common method variance on significance testing and parameter bias in hierarchical linear modeling. Organizational Research Methods, 16(2), 243–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428112469667
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leary, M. R., & Tate, E. B. (2007). The multi-faceted nature of mindfulness. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 251–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewin, K. (1943). Field theory and learning. In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Field theory in social science: Selected theoretical papers by Kurt Lewin (pp. 60–86). Social Science Paperbacks.
   Google Scholar
• Masicampo, E. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2007). Relating mindfulness and self-regulatory processes. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 255–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598363
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masicampo, E. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2011a). Unfulfilled goals interfere with tasks that require executive functions. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(2), 300–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.10.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masicampo, E. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (2011b). Consider it done! Plan making can eliminate the cognitive effects of unfulfilled goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101(4), 667–683. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024192
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masicampo, E. J., Luebber, F., & Baumeister, R. F. (2020). The influence of conscious thought is best observed over time. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7, 87–102.
   Google Scholar
• Matsuo, M. (2018). How does managerial coaching affect individual learning? The mediating roles of team and individual reflexivity. Personnel Review, 47(1), 118–132. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-06-2016-0132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuo, M. (2020). Managers’ exploration activities and individual unlearning: The mediating role of learning orientation and reflection. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(5), 638–656. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1362022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moberly, N. J., & Watkins, E. R. (2010). Negative affect and ruminative self-focus during everyday goal pursuit. Cognition & Emotion, 24(4), 729–739. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930802696849
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nezlek, J. B. (2001). The motivational and cognitive dynamics of day-to-day social life. In J. P. Forgas, K. Williams, & L. Wheeler (Eds.), The social mind: Cognitive and motivational aspects of interpersonal behaviour (pp. 92–114). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ohly, S., Sonnentag, S., Niessen, C., & Zapf, D. (2010). Diary studies in organizational research. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 9(2), 79–93. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otte, K. P., Konradt, U., Garbers, Y., & Schippers, M. C. (2017). Development and validation of the REMINT: A reflection measure for individuals and teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(2), 299–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2016.1261826
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Jeong-Yeon, L., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interaction effects in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31(4), 437–448. https://doi.org/10.3102/10769986031004437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roche, M., Haar, J. M., & Luthans, F. (2014). Mindfulness, psychological capital and leader wellbeing. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(4), 476–489. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Brown, K. W. (2003). Why we don’t need self-esteem: On fundamental needs, contingent love, and mindfulness. Psychological Inquiry, 14, 71–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sauer, S., & Baer, R. A. (2010). Mindfulness and decentering as mechanisms of change in mindfulness-and acceptance-based interventions. In Assessing mindfulness and acceptance processes in clients: Illuminating the theory and practice of change (pp. 25–50). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Schippers, M. C., Den Hartog, D. N., & Koopman, P. L. (2007). Reflexivity in teams: A measure and correlates. Applied Psychology, 56(2), 189–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00250.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schippers, M. C., Den Hartog, D. N., Koopman, P. L., & Wienk, J. A. (2003). Diversity and team outcomes: The moderating effects of outcome interdependence and group longevity and the mediating effect of reflexivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 779–802. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schippers, M. C., Homan, A. C., & Van Knippenberg, D. (2013). To reflect or not to reflect: Prior team performance as a boundary condition of the effects of reflexivity on learning and final team performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(1), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1784
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmitt, N. (1994). Method bias: The importance of theory and measurement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15(5), 393–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150504
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz, P. P., & Ryan, R. M. (2015). The “why”, “what,” and “how” of healthy self-regulation: Mindfulness and well-being from a self-determination theory perspective. In B. Ostafin (Ed.) Handbook of mindfulness and self-regulation (pp. 81–94). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, P. P., Ryan, R. M., Niemiec, C. P., Legate, N., & Williams, G. C. (2015). Mindfulness, work climate, and psychological need satisfaction in employee well-being. Mindfulness, 6(5), 971–985. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-014-0338-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smit, B. W. (2016). Successfully leaving work at work: The self‐regulatory underpinnings of psychological detachment. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(3), 493–514. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stajkovic, A. D., & Luthans, F. (1998). Social cognitive theory and self-efficacy: Going beyond traditional motivational and behavioral approaches. Organizational Dynamics, 26(4), 62–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-2616(98)90006-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Netherlands. (2019). StatLine. Retrieved September 27, 2019, from https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/figures#filter=labour-society
   Google Scholar
• Stollberger, J., & Debus, M. E. (2020). Go with the flow, but keep it stable? The role of flow variability in the context of daily flow experiences and daily creative performance. Work & Stress, 34(4), 342–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2019.1695293
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Syrek, C. J., Weigelt, O., Peifer, C., & Antoni, C. H. (2017). Zeigarnik’s sleepless nights: How unfinished tasks at the end of the week impair employee sleep on the weekend through rumination. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(2), 225–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Totterdell, P., & Leach, D. (2001). Negative mood regulation expectancies and sports performance: An investigation involving professional cricketers. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2(4), 249–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1469-0292(01)00016-4
   Google Scholar
• Van Veldhoven, M., & Meijman, T. F. (1994). Het meten van psychosociale arbeidsbelasting met een vragenlijst: de vragenlijst beleving en beoordeling van de arbeid (VBBA) [The measurement of psychosocial work load with a questionnaire: the questionnaire experience and evaluation of work (QEEW)]. Nederlands Instituut voor Arbeidsomstandigheden [Dutch Institute for Working Conditions].
   Google Scholar
• Van Woerkom, M. (2004). The concept of critical reflection and its implications for human resource development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 6(2), 178–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422304263328
   Google Scholar
• Zeidan, F., Johnson, S. K., Diamond, B. J., David, Z., & Goolkasian, P. (2010). Mindfulness meditation improves cognition: Evidence of brief mental training. Consciousness and Cognition, 19(2), 597–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2010.03.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeigarnik, B. (1927). Das Behalten erledigter und unerledigter Handlungen [The memory of completed and uncompleted actions]. Psychologische Forschung, 9, 1–85.
   Google Scholar