Responsible leadership during international assignments: a novel approach toward expatriation success

References

• Antunes, A., & Franco, M. (2016). How people in organizations make sense of responsible leadership practices: Multiple case studies. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(1), 126–152. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-04-2014-0084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bader, A. K., Froese, F. J., Achteresch, A., & Behrens, S. (2017). Expatriates’ influence on the affective commitment of host country nationals in China: the moderating effects of individual values and status characteristics. European Journal of International Management, 11(2), 181–200. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIM.2017.082532
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bader, B., Schuster, T., Bader, A. K., & Shaffer, M. (2019). The dark side of expatriation: Dysfunctional relationships, expatriate crises, predjudice and a VUCA world. Journal of Global Mobility, 7(2), 126–136. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-06-2019-070
   Google Scholar
• Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
   Google Scholar
• Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (2012). Specification, evaluation, and interpretation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(1), 8–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0278-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballesteros-Leiva, F., Poilpot-Rocaboy, G., & St-Onge, S. (2017). The relationship between life-domain interactions and the well-being of internationally mobile employees. Personnel Review, 46(2), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-05-2015-0142
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bansal, P., & Song, H. C. (2017). Similar but not the same: Differentiating corporate sustainability from corporate responsibility. Academy of Management Annals, 11(1), 105–149. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2015.0095
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barclay, D., Higgins, C., & Thompson, R. (1995). The partial least squares (PLS) approach to casual modeling: Personal computer adoption and use as an Illustration. Technology Studies, Special Issue, Research Methodology, 2(2), 285–309.
   Google Scholar
• Baruch, Y., Altman, Y., & Tung, R. L. (2016). Career mobility in a global era: Advances in managing expatriation and repatriation. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1), 841–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2016.1162013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, R., Choi, C. J., & Kim, J. B. (2011). Responsible leadership for multinational enterprises in bottom of pyramid countries: The knowledge of local managers. Journal of Business Ethics, 101(4), 553–561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0736-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, A., & Mendenhall, M. E. (2016). From cross-cultural management to global leadership: Evolution and adaptation. Journal of World Business, 51(1), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2015.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, A., Mendenhall, M. E., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(8), 810–828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black, J. S. (1988). Work role transitions: A study of American expatriate managers in Japan. Journal of International Business Studies, 19(2), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black, J. S., & Stephens, G. K. (1989). The influence of the spouse on American expatriate adjustment and intent to stay in Pacific rim overseas assignments. Journal of Management, 15(4), 529–544. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920638901500403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black, J. S., Mendenhall, M. E., & Oddou, G. (1991). Toward a comprehensive model of international adjustment: An integration of multiple theoretical perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 291–317. https://doi.org/10.2307/258863
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brewer, M. B., & Kramer, R. M. (1985). The psychology of intergroup attitudes and behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 36(1), 219–243. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.36.020185.001251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.
   Google Scholar
• Caligiuri, P. M. (1997). Assessing expatriate success: Beyond just "being there”. In Z. Aycan (Ed.), Expatriate management: Theory and research (pp. 117–140). JAI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caligiuri, P. M. (2000). Selecting expatriates for personality characteristics: A moderating effect of personality on the relationship between host national contact and cross-cultural adjustment. Management International Review, 40(1), 61–80.
   Google Scholar
• Caligiuri, P. M., De Cieri, H., Minbaeva, D., Verbeke, A., & Zimmermann, A. (2020). International HRM insights for navigating the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for future research and practice. Journal of International Business Studies, 51(5), 697–713. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-020-00335-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron, K. (2011). Responsible leadership as virtuous leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 98(S1), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1023-6
   Google Scholar
• Chemers, M. M., Watson, C. B., & May, S. T. (2000). Dispositional affect and leadership effectiveness: A comparison of self-esteem, optimism, and efficacy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(3), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200265001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, K., Wei, F., & Lin, Y. (2019). The trickle-down effect of responsible leadership on unethical pro-organizational behavior: The moderating role of leader-follower value congruence. Journal of Business Research, 102, 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–383). Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, B., Wang, J., Bartram, T., & Cooke, F. L. (2019). Well‐being‐oriented human resource management practices and employee performance in the Chinese banking sector: The role of social climate and resilience. Human Resource Management, 58(1), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21934
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniels, K. (2000). Measures of five aspects of affective well-being at work. Human Relations, 53(2), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/a010564
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• David, S. A., Boniwell, I., & Ayers, A. C. (2014). The Oxford handbook of happiness. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• de Eccher, U., & Duarte, H. (2018). How images about emerging economies influence the willingness to accept expatriate assignments. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(4), 637–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1172653
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijkhuizen, J., Gorgievski, M., van Veldhoven, M., & Schalk, R. (2018). Well-being, personal success and business performance among entrepreneurs: A two-wave study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19(8), 2187–2204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9914-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimitrova, M., Chia, S. I., Shaffer, M. A., & Tay-Lee, C. (2020). Forgotten travelers: Adjustment and career implications of international business travel for expatriates. Journal of International Management, 26(1), 100707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2019.100707
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doh, J. P., & Quigley, N. R. (2014). Responsible leadership and stakeholder management: Influence pathways and organizational outcomes. Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(3), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2014.0013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doh, J. P., Stumpf, S. A., & Tymon, W. G. (2011). Responsible leadership helps retain talent in India. Journal of Business Ethics, 98(S1), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1018-3
   Google Scholar
• Doherty, N. T., & Dickmann, M. (2012). Measuring the return on investment in international assignments: An action research approach. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(16), 3434–3454. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.637062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elenkov, D. S., & Manev, I. M. (2009). Senior expatriate leadership’s effects on innovation and the role of cultural intelligence. Journal of World Business, 44(4), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2008.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk, R., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling. University of Akron Press.
   Google Scholar
• Fan, S. X., Cregan, C., Harzing, A. W., & Köhler, T. (2018). The benefits of being understood: The role of ethnic identity confirmation in knowledge acquisition by expatriates. Human Resource Management, 57(1), 327–339. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21839
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farh, C. I., Bartol, K. M., Shapiro, D. L., & Shin, J. (2010). Networking abroad: A process model of how expatriates form support ties to facilitate adjustment. Academy of Management Review, 35(3), 434–454. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.35.3.zok434
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonseca, A. G., Dias, S. S., Baptista, J. L., & Torgal, J. (2017). Psychological well-being of Portuguese expatriates in Sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Travel Medicine, 24(6), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/tax061
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150980
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frangieh, C. G., & Yaacoub, H. K. (2017). A systematic literature review of responsible leadership: Challenges, outcomes and practices. Journal of Global Responsibility, 8(2), 281–299. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGR-01-2017-0004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• George, G., Howard-Grenville, J., Joshi, A., & Tihanyi, L. (2016). Understanding and tackling societal grand challenges through management research. Academy of Management Journal, 59(6), 1880–1895. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.4007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graen, G. B., & Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(95)90036-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guest, D. E. (2017). Human resource management and employee well-being: Towards a new analytic framework. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 22–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109, 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Torsten, M. P., & Ringle, C. M. (2012). The use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in strategic management research: A review of past practices and recommendations for future applications. Long Range Planning, 45(5–6), 320–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haque, A., Fernando, M., & Caputi, P. (2019a). The relationship between responsible leadership and organisational commitment and the mediating effect of employee turnover intentions: An empirical study with Australian employees. Journal of Business Ethics, 156(3), 759–774. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3575-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haque, A., Fernando, M., & Caputi, P. (2019b). Responsible leadership, affective commitment and intention to quit: An individual level analysis. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(1), 45–64. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2017-0397
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, P., Stoner, J., Hochwarter, W., & Kacmar, C. (2007). Coping with abusive supervision: The neutralizing effects of ingratiation and positive affect on negative employee outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 264–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harzing, A., & Christensen, C. (2004). Expatriate failure: Time to abandon the concept?Career Development International, 9(7), 616–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430410570329
   Google Scholar
• He, J., Morrison, A. M., & Zhang, H. (2019). Improving millennial employee well-being and task performance in the hospitality industry: The interactive effects of HRM and responsible leadership. Sustainability, 11(16), 4410–4419. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henseler, J., Dijkstra, T. K., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., Diamantopoulos, A., Straub, D. W., Ketchen, D. J., Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., & Calantone, R. J. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about PLS: Comments on Rönkkö and Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods, 17(2), 182–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114526928
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman, J. L., Stevens, M. J., Bird, A., Mendenhall, M. E., & Oddou, G. (2010). The tolerance for ambiguity scale: Towards a more refined measure for international management research. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 34(1), 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2009.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg, M. A., & Abrams, D. (2003). Intergroup behavior and social identity. In M. A. Hogg & J. Cooper (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of social psychology (pp. 407–431). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hogg, M. A., Terry, D. J., & White, K. M. (1995). A tale of two theories: A critical comparison of identity theory with social identity theory. Social Psychology Quarterly, 58(4), 255–269. https://doi.org/10.2307/2787127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooper, D. T., & Martin, R. (2008). Beyond personal leader–member exchange (LMX) quality: The effects of perceived LMX variability on employee reactions. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.12.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424–453. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X., Zhan, Y., Yao, X., & Garden, R. (2017). Picture this: A field experiment of the influence of subtle affective stimuli on employee well-being and performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(6), 895–916. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huettermann, H., & Bruch, H. (2019). Mutual gains? Health‐related HRM, collective well‐being and organizational performance. Journal of Management Studies, 56(6), 1045–1072. https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.12446
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilies, R., Aw, S. S. Y., & Pluut, H. (2015). Intraindividual models of employee well-being: What have we learned and where do we go from here?European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(6), 827–838. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2015.1071422
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inceoglu, I., Thomas, G., Chu, C., Plans, D., & Gerbasi, A. (2018). Leadership behavior and employee well-being: An integrated review and a future research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 29(1), 179–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.12.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javed, M., Rashid, M. A., Hussain, G., & Ali, H. Y. (2020). The effects of corporate social responsibility on corporate reputation and firm financial performance: Moderating role of responsible leadership. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(3), 1395–1409. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1892
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, E. C., Kristof-Brown, A. L., Van Vianen, A. E. M., De Pater, I. E., & Klein, M. R. (2003). Expatriate social ties: Personality antecedents and consequences for adjustment. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 11(4), 277–288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0965-075X.2003.00251.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jyoti, J., & Kour, S. (2017). Factors affecting cultural intelligence and its impact on job performance: Role of cross-cultural adjustment, experience and perceived social support. Personnel Review, 46(4), 767–791. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-12-2015-0313
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, H., & Shen, J. (2018). Antecedents and consequences of host-country nationals’ attitudes and behaviors toward expatriates: What we do and do not know. Human Resource Management Review, 28(2), 164–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khoreva, V., & Wechtler, H. (2018). HR practices and employee performance: The mediating role of well-being. Employee Relations, 40(2), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-08-2017-0191
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koveshnikov, A., Wechtler, H., & Dejoux, C. (2014). Cross-cultural adjustment of expatriates: The role of emotional intelligence and gender. Journal of World Business, 49(3), 362–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2013.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraimer, M. L., Bolino, M., & Mead, B. (2016). Themes in expatriate and repatriate research over four decades: What do we know and what do we still need to learn?Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 3(1), 83–109. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-041015-062437
   Google Scholar
• Kraimer, M. L., Wayne, S. J., & Jaworski, R. A. A. (2001). Sources of support and expatriate performance: The mediating role of expatriate adjustment. Personnel Psychology, 54(1), 71–99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2001.tb00086.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lämsä, A.-M., Heikkinen, S., Smith, M., & Tornikoski, C. (2017). The expatriate’s family as a stakeholder of the firm: A responsibility viewpoint. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(20), 2916–2935. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1146785
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauring, J., & Selmer, J. (2009). Expatriate compound living: An ethnographic field study. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(7), 1451–1467. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190902983215
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law, K. S., Wong, C.-S., Wang, D., & Wang, L. (2000). Effect of supervisor–subordinate guanxi on supervisory decisions in China: An empirical investigation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(4), 751–765. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190050075105
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarova, M., Westman, M., & Shaffer, M. A. (2010). Elucidating the positive side of the work-family interface on international assignments: A model of expatriate work and family performance. Academy of Management Review, 35(1), 93–117. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.35.1.zok93
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, L.-Y., Veasna, S., & Wu, W.-Y. (2013). The effects of social support and transformational leadership on expatriate adjustment and performance: The moderating roles of socialization experience and cultural intelligence. Career Development International, 18(4), 377–415. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-06-2012-0062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., & Ipe, M. (2010). The impact of organizational and leader–member support on expatriate commitment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(7), 1035–1048. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585191003783496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, J. G., Quoidbach, J., Gino, F., Chakroff, A., Maddux, W. W., & Galinsky, A. D. (2017). The dark side of going abroad: How broad foreign experiences increase immoral behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 112(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynham, S. A., & Chermack, T. J. (2006). Responsible leadership for performance: A theoretical model and hypotheses. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 12(4), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179190601200405
   Google Scholar
• Maak, T. (2007). Responsible leadership, stakeholder engagement, and the emergence of social capital. Journal of Business Ethics, 74(4), 329–344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9510-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maak, T., & Pless, N. M. (2006). Responsible leadership in a stakeholder society – A relational perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 66(1), 99–115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9047-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäkelä, L., Lämsä, A.-M., Heikkinen, S., & Tanskanen, J. (2017). Work-to-personal-life conflict among dual and single-career expatriates: Is it different for men and women?Journal of Global Mobility, 5(3), 304–316. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-12-2016-0065
   Google Scholar
• Marques, T. M. G., & Gomes, J. F. S. (2020). Responsible leadership and/versus responsible management. In O. Laasch, D. Jamali, E. Freeman, & R. Suddaby (Eds.), Research handbook of responsible management (pp. 138–154). Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Marques, T. M. G., & Miska, C. (2021). Responsible leadership. In A. Farazmand (Ed.), Global encyclopedia of public administration, public policy, and governance (pp. 1–4). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4125-1
   Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y., & Brewster, C. (2020). The changing context of expatriation and its impact on cross-cultural management. In B. Szkudlarek, J. Osland, D. Caprar, & L. Romani (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of contemporary cross-cultural management (pp. 424–438). SAGE Publications Limited.
   Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y., De Cieri, H., & Hutchings, K. (2013). Expatriate return on investment in the Asia Pacific: An empirical study of individual ROI versus corporate ROI. Journal of World Business, 48(2), 209–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2012.07.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNulty, Y., Lauring, J., Jonasson, C., & Selmer, J. (2019). Highway to hell? Managing expatriates in crisis. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 7(2), 157–180. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-10-2018-0054
   Google Scholar
• Miska, C., & Mendenhall, M. E. (2018). Responsible leadership: A mapping of extant research and future directions. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(1), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2999-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, P., Felfe, J., & Fooken, I. (2013). Antecedents of commitment to a parent company and to a local operation: Empirical evidence from Western employees working for multinational companies in Vietnam. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(7), 1346–1375. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.706820
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie, D., & Lämsä, A.-M. (2015). The leader–member exchange theory in the Chinese context and the ethical challenge of guanxi. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(4), 851–861. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1983-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pattie, M. W., Benson, G., Casper, W., & McMahan, G. C. (2013). Goal congruence: Fitting international assignment into employee careers. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(13), 2554–2570. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.744336
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pless, N. M. (2007). Understanding responsible leadership: Role identity and motivational drivers. Journal of Business Ethics, 74(4), 437–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9518-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pless, N. M., Maak, T., & Stahl, G. K. (2011). Developing responsible global leaders through international service-learning programs: The Ulysses experience. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 10(2), 237–260. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.10.2.zqr237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: The strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political Science and Politics, 28(04), 664–684. https://doi.org/10.2307/420517
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnam, R. D. (2007). E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and community in the twenty-first century. The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture. Scandinavian Political Studies, 30(2), 137–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9477.2007.00176.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravasi, C., Salamin, X., & Davoine, E. (2015). Cross-cultural adjustment of skilled migrants in a multicultural and multilingual environment: An explorative study of foreign employees and their spouses in the Swiss context. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(10), 1335–1359. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.985328
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rego, A., & Cunha, M. P. e. (2008). Authentizotic climates and employee happiness: Pathways to individual performance?Journal of Business Research, 61(7), 739–752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.08.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rego, A., Ribeiro, N., Cunha, M. P. e., & Jesuino, J. C. (2011). How happiness mediates the organizational virtuousness and affective commitment relationship. Journal of Business Research, 64(5), 524–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.04.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinartz, W., Haenlein, M., & Henseler, J. (2009). An empirical comparison of the efficacy of covariance-based and variance-based SEM. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26(4), 332–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2009.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Bönningstedt: SmartPLS. http://www.smartpls.com
   Google Scholar
• Russell, E., & Daniels, K. (2018). Measuring affective well-being at work using short-form scales: Implications for affective structures and participant instructions. Human Relations; Studies towards the Integration of the Social Sciences, 71(11), 1478–1507. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726717751034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, M. (2002). A stakeholder model of organizational leadership. Organization Science, 13(2), 209–220. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.2.209.531
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, S. C., Barsoux, J.-L., & Stahl, G. K. (2014). Managing across cultures (3rd ed.). Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Selmer, J. (1996). Expatriate or local bosses? HCN subordinates’ preferences in leadership behaviour. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585199600000123
   Google Scholar
• Shaffer, M. A., Harrison, D. A., Gregersen, H., Black, J. S., & Ferzandi, L. A. (2006). You can take it with you: Individual differences and expatriate effectiveness. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 109–125. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.1.109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaffer, M. A., Kraimer, M. L., Chen, Y.-P., & Bolino, M. C. (2012). Choices, challenges, and career consequences of global work experiences: A review and future agenda. Journal of Management, 38(4), 1282–1327. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312441834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shay, J. P., & Baack, S. (2006). An empirical investigation of the relationships between modes and degree of expatriate adjustment and multiple measures of performance. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 6(3), 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470595806070634
   Google Scholar
• Sher, P. J.-H., Zhuang, W.-L., Wang, M.-C., Peng, C.-J., & Lee, C.-H. (2019). Moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between leader–member exchange and expatriate voice in multinational banks. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 41(5), 898–913. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-08-2018-0211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, X., & Franklin, P. (2014). Business expatriates’ cross-cultural adaptation and their job performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 52(2), 193–214. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, Y., & Ye, M. (2016). Responsible leadership: Review and prospects. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 06(08), 877–884. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2016.68083
   Google Scholar
• Sims, R. H., & Schraeder, M. (2004). An examination of salient factors affecting expatriate culture shock. Journal of Business & Management, 10(1), 73–87.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, J. S. K., & Mahmood, N. H. N. (2017). Emotional intelligence and expatriate job performance in the ICT sector: The mediating role of cultural adjustment. Global Business and Management Research, 9(1), 230–243.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon, Z., Mikulincer, M., & Hobfoll, S. E. (1986). Effects of social support and battle intensity on loneliness and breakdown during combat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1269–1276. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1269
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahl, G. K., & Sully de Luque, M. (2014). Antecedents of responsible leader behavior: A research synthesis, conceptual framework, and agenda for future research. Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(3), 235–254. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2013.0126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szőcs, I., & Miska, C. (2020). Ethics in the context of cross-cultural management. In B. Szkudlarek, J. Osland, D. Caprar, & L. Romani (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of contemporary cross-cultural management (pp. 227–238). SAGE Publications Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel, H. (1974). Social identity and intergroup behaviour. Social Science Information, 13(2), 65–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/053901847401300204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tajfel, H., & Forgas, J. P. (1981). Social categorization: Cognitions, values and groups. In J. P. Forgas (Ed.), Social cognition: Perspectives on everyday understanding (pp. 113–140). Academy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 7–24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (2004). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In J. T. Jost & J. Sidanius (Eds.), Political psychology (pp. 276–293). Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, R. (2010). A critical review of expatriate adjustment research through a multiple stakeholder view: Progress, emerging trends, and prospects. Journal of Management, 36(4), 1040–1064. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309349308
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toh, S. M., & DeNisi, A. S. (2007). Host country nationals as socializing agents: A social identity approach. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(3), 281–301. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.421
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, J. C. (1985). Social categorization and the self-concept: A social cognitive theory of group behaviour. In E. J. Lawler (Ed.), Advances in group processes (Vol. 2, pp. 77–122). JAIPress.
   Google Scholar
• van Bakel, M. (2019). It takes two to tango: A review of the empirical research on expatriate-local interactions. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(21), 2993–3025. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1449763
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van De Voorde, K., Paauwe, J., & Van Veldhoven, M. (2012). Employee well-being and the HRM-organizational performance relationship: A review of quantitative studies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(4), 391–407. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00322.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Laken, P. A., van Engen, M. L., van Veldhoven, M. J. P. M., & Paauwe, J. (2019). Fostering expatriate success: A meta-analysis of the differential benefits of social support. Human Resource Management Review, 29(4), 100679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Knippenberg, D. (2000). Work Motivation and performance: A social identity perspective. Applied Psychology, 49(3), 357–371. https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Woerkom, M., & De Reuver, R. S. (2009). Predicting excellent management performance in an intercultural context: A study of the influence of multicultural personality on transformational leadership and performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(10), 2013–2029. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190903175589
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varma, A., & Stroh, L. K. (2001). Different perspectives on selection for international assignments: The impact of LMX and gender. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 8(3/4), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1108/13527600110797290
   Google Scholar
• Varma, A., Stroh, L. K., & Schmitt, L. B. (2001). Women and international assignments: The impact of supervisor-subordinate relationships. Journal of World Business, 36(4), 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9516(01)00062-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voegtlin, C. (2011). Development of a scale measuring discursive responsible leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 98(S1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1020-9
   Google Scholar
• Voegtlin, C., Frisch, C., Walther, A., & Schwab, P. (2020). Theoretical development and empirical examination of a three-roles model of responsible leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 167(3), 411–431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04155-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M., & Scherer, A. G. (2012). Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0952-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waibel, S., Aevermann, T., & Rueger, H. (2018). International mobility and well-being of public sector expatriates: The role of family formation and gender. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 6(2), 158–177. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-10-2017-0043
   Google Scholar
• Wang, C.-H., & Varma, A. (2018). A process model of how interpersonal interaction leads to effectiveness of the expatriate-host country national relationship: An intergroup contact perspective. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, 25(4), 670–689. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-11-2017-0147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warr, P. (1990). The measurement of well-being and other aspects of mental health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(3), 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00521.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, E. D., & St. Peters, H. Y. (2014). Short-term cross-cultural study tours: Impact on cultural intelligence. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(4), 558–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.796315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wurtz, O. (2018). Expatriation, alcohol and drugs: Antecedents and consequences of substance use in expatriation. Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 6(3/4), 316–334. https://doi.org/10.1108/JGM-08-2017-0035
   Google Scholar
• Xu, J., Xie, B., & Chung, B. (2019). Bridging the gap between affective well-being and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of work engagement and collectivist orientation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), 4503. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar