References
- Allen, K., Cuthbert, K., Hall, J. J., Hines, S., & Elley, S. (2022). Trailblazing the gender revolution? Young people’s understandings of gender diversity through generation and social change. Journal of Youth Studies, 25(5), 650–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1923674
- Almog, R., & Kaplan, D. (2017). The nerd and his discontent: The seduction community and the logic of the game as a geeky solution to the challenges of young masculinity. Men and Masculinities, 20(1), 27–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X15613831
- Amaya, A., Bach, R., Keusch, F., & Kreuter, F. (2021). New data sources in social science research: Things to know before working with reddit data. Social Science Computer Review, 39(5), 943–960. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439319893305
- Anderson, E., & McCormack, M. (2018). Inclusive masculinity theory: Overview, reflection and refinement. Journal of Gender Studies, 27(5), 547–561. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2016.1245605
- Bjørgo, T. (2008). Processes of disengagement from violent groups of the extreme right. In T. Bjørgo & J. Horgan (Eds.), Leaving terrorism behind: Individual and collective disengagement (pp. 31–48). Routledge.
- Butler, J. (2004). Precarious life: The powers of mourning and violence. Verso.
- Butler, J., Gambetti, Z., & Sabsay, L. (2016). Introduction. In J. Butler, Z. Gambetti, & L. Sabsay (Eds.), Vulnerability in resistance (pp. 1–11). Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11vc78r.5
- Connell, R. W., & Messerschmidt, J. W. (2005). Hegemonic masculinity: Rethinking the concept. Gender & Society, 19(6), 829–859. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243205278639
- Cover, R. (2019). Understanding anger: Ethical responsiveness and the cultural production of celebrity masculinities. In B. Fileborn & R. Loney-Howes (Eds.), #metoo and the politics of social change (pp. 301–315). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15213-0_19
- DeAngelis, M. (2017). Soft and hard: Accessible masculinity, celebrity, and post-millennial cuteness. In J. Dale, J. Goggin, J. Leyda, A. McIntyre, & D. Negra (Eds.), The aesthetics and affects of cuteness (pp. 204–225). Routledge.
- DeKeseredy, W. S., & Schwartz, M. D. (2013). Male peer support and violence against women: The history and verification of a theory. Northeastern University Press.
- Ebaugh, H. R. F. (1988). Becoming an ex: The process of role exit. University of Chicago Press.
- Flood, M. (2015). Men and gender equality. In M. G. Flood & R. Howson (Eds.), Engaging men in building gender equality (pp. 1–31). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
- Ging, D. (2019). Alphas, betas, and incels: Theorizing the masculinities of the manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 22(4), 638–657. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17706401
- Ging, D., & Murphy, S. (2021). Tracking the pilling pipeline: Limitations, challenges and a call for new methodological frameworks in incel and manosphere research. AoIr Selected Papers of Internet Research, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5210/spir.v2021i0.12174
- Johanssen, J. (2021). Fantasy, online misogyny and the manosphere: Male bodies of dis/inhibition. Routledge.
- Jones, C., Trott, V., & Wright, S. (2020). Sluts and soyboys: MGTOW and the production of misogynistic online harassment. New Media & Society, 22(10), 1903–1921. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819887141
- Kaplan, D., & Illousz, E. (2022). What is sexual capital?. Polity Press.
- Kelly, C. R. (2020). Apocalypse man: The death drive and the rhetoric of white masculine victimhood. The Ohio State University Press. https://doi.org/10.26818/9780814214329
- Kimmel, M. (1994). Masculinity as homophobia: Fear, shame, and silence in the construction of gender identity. In H. Brod & M. Kaufman (Eds.), Theorizing masculinity (pp. 119–141). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452243627.n7
- Kimmel, M. (2013). Angry white men: American masculinity at the end of an era. Nation Books.
- Kimmel, M. (2018). Healing from hate: How young men get into – and out of – violent extremism. University of California Press.
- Koehler, D. (2016). Understanding deradicalization: Methods, tools and programs for countering violent extremism. Routledge.
- Koivunen, A., Kyrölä, K., & Ryberg, I. (2018). Vulnerability as a political language. In A. Koivunen, K. Kyrölä, & I. Ryberg (Eds.), The power of vulnerability: Mobilising affect in feminist, queer and anti-racist media cultures (pp. 1–26). Manchester University Press.
- Markham, A., & Buchanan, E. (2017). Research ethics in context: Decision-making in digital research. In K. Van Es & M. T. Schäfer (Eds.), The datafied society: Studying culture through data (pp. 201–209). Amsterdam University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048531011-017
- Marwick, A. E., & Caplan, R. (2018). Drinking male tears: Language, the manosphere, and networked harassment. Feminist Media Studies, 18(4), 543–559. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2018.1450568
- Mellström, U. (2016). From a hegemonic politics of masculinity to an ontological politics of intimacy and vulnerability? Ways of imagining through Karen Barad’s work. Rhizomes, 30. https://doi.org/10.20415/rhiz/030.e07
- Messner, M. (2005). The triad of violence in men’s sports. In E. Buchwald, P. Fletcher, & M. Roth (Eds.), Transforming a rape culture (pp. 25–46). Milkweed Editions.
- Off, G., Charron, N., & Alexander, A. (2022). Who perceives women’s rights as threatening to men and boys? Explaining modern sexism among young men in Europe. Frontiers in Political Science, 4, 909811. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2022.909811
- O’Neill, R. (2018). Seduction: Men, masculinity and mediated intimacy. Polity Press.
- Regehr, K. (2022). In(cel)doctrination: How technologically facilitated misogyny moves violence off screens and on to streets. New Media & Society, 24(1), 138–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820959019
- Ribeiro, M. H., Blackburn, J., Bradlyn, B., De Cristofaro, E., Stringhini, G., Long, S., Greenberg, S., and Zannettou, S. (2021). The evolution of the manosphere across the web. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Virtual Location15, 196–207. Palo Alto, California, USA: AAAI Press. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18053
- Roose, J. M. (2020). The new demagogues: Religion, masculinity and the populist epoch. Routledge.
- Shefer, T., Kruger, L.-M., & Schepers, Y. (2015). Masculinity, sexuality and vulnerability in ‘working’ with young men in South African contexts: ‘you feel like a fool and an idiot … a loser’. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 17(s2), 96–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2015.1075253
- Tinklin, T., Croxford, L., Ducklin, A., & Frame, B. (2005). Gender and attitudes to work and family roles: The views of young people at the millennium. Gender and Education, 17(2), 129–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/0954025042000301429
- Van Valkenburgh, S. P. (2021). Digesting the red pill: Masculinity and neoliberalism in the manosphere. Men and Masculinities, 24(1), 84–103. https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X18816118
- Ward, J. (2020). The tragedy of heterosexuality. New York University Press.