Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and antibacterial behaviour on fluorine and graphene synergistically modified TiO₂ nanocomposite for wastewater treatment

References

• Samarghandi MR, Dargahi A, Shabanloo A, et al. Electrochemical degradation of methylene blue dye using a graphite doped PbO2 anode: optimization of operational parameters, degradation pathway and improving the biodegradability of textile wastewater. Arab J Chem. 2020;13:6847–6864. doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadav DN, Kishore KA, Saroj D. A study on removal of methylene blue dye by photo catalysis integrated with nanofiltration using statistical and experimental approaches. Environ Technol. 2020: 1720303. doi:10.1080/09593330.2020.1720303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SP, Choi MY, Choi HC. Photocatalytic activity of SnO2 nanoparticles in methylene blue degradation. Mater Res Bull 2016;74:85–89. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2015.10.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klosowski EM, Souza BTL, Mito MS, et al. The photodynamic and direct actions of methylene blue on mitochondrial energy metabolism: a balance of the useful and harmful effects of this photosensitizer. Free Radical Bio Med. 2020;153:34–53. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mckinney CW, Pruden A. Ultraviolet disinfection of antibiotic resistant bacteria and their antibiotic resistance genes in water and wastewater. Environ Sci Technol. 2012;46:13393. doi:10.1021/es303652q
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell C, Hassard F, Jefferson B, et al. Turbidity composition and the relationship with microbial attachment and UV inactivation efficacy. Sci Total Environ. 2018;624:638–647. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Wong JWC, Liu P, et al. Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of phenanthrene in surfactant solution containing TiO2 particles. J Hazard. Mater. 2011;191:136–143. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.059
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari A, Shukla A, Lalliansanga, et al. Synthesis and characterization of Ag0(NPs)/TiO2 nanocomposite: insight studies of triclosan removal from aqueous solutions. Environ Technol. 2020;41:3500–3514. doi:10.1080/09593330.2019.1615127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li H, Zhong K, Zhai ZJ. A new double-skin fade system integrated with TiO2 plates for decomposing BTEX. Build Environ. 2020;180:107037. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107037
   Google Scholar
• Mu J, Luo DY, Miao H, et al. Synergistic wide spectrum response and directional carrier transportation characteristics of Se/SnSe2/TiO2 multiple heterojunction for efficient photoelectrochemical simultaneous degradation of Cr (Vi) and RhB. Appl Surf Sci. 2020;542:148673. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.148673
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dette C, Perez-Osorio MA, Kley CS, et al. Tio2 anatase with a bandgap in the visible region. Nano Lett 2014;14:6533–6538. doi:10.1021/nl503131s
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballari MM, Carballada J, Minen RI, et al. Visible light TiO2 photocatalysts assessment for air decontamination. Process Saf Environ. 2016;101:124–133. doi:10.1016/j.psep.2015.08.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalid NR, Mazia U, Tahir MB, et al. A reusable visible driven N and C-N doped TiO2 magnetic nanocomposites for photodegradation of direct red 16 azo dye in water and wastewater. Environ Technol. 2020: 1825530. doi:10.1080/09593330.2020.1825530
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang YF, Shen HY, Liu YH. Cooperation among N, F and Fe in tri-doped TiO2 photocatalyst. Res Chem Intermed 2016;42:6265–6287. doi:10.1007/s11164-016-2460-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang QW, Ding C, Liu YH. A type of novel glass for indoor air cleaning under visible-light. Build Environ. 2018;137:226–234. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.04.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao NV, Reddy LN, Kumari MM, et al. Photocatalytic recovery of H2 from H2S containing wastewater: surface and interface control of photo-excitons in Cu2S@TiO2 core-shell nanostructures. Appl Catal B Environ. 2019;254:174–185. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.04.090
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sepideh P, Duan JZ, Duan F, et al. New effects of TiO2 nanotube/g-C3N4 hybrids on the corrosion protection performance of epoxy coatings. J Mol Liq. 2020;317:114214. doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114214
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu B, Xu Z. From E-waste to Nb-Pb co-doped and Pd-loaded TiO2/BaTiO3 heterostructure: highly efficient photocatalytic performance. ChemSusChem. 2019;12:2819–2828. doi:10.1002/cssc.201900071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Y, Lockart M, Kispert LD, et al. Photo-induced charge separation in hydroxycoumarins on TiO2 and F-TiO2. Dalton Trans. 2019;48:10881–10891. doi:10.1039/C9DT01455A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhanvase BA, Shende TP, Sonawane SH. A review on graphene-TiO2 and doped graphene–TiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst for water and wastewater treatment. Environ Technol Rev. 2017;6:1–14. doi:10.1080/21622515.2016.1264489
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Chen C, Li J, et al. Graphene oxide-iron oxide and reduced graphene oxide-iron oxide hybrid materials for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Rsc Adv. 2012;2:8821–8826. doi:1.10.1039/c2ra20885g
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu XL, Ma R, Wang XX, et al. Graphene oxide-based materials for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution: A review. Environ Pollut. 2019;252:62–73. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nasr M, Balme S, Eid C, et al. Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance of electrospun rGO/TiO2 composite nanofibers. J Phys Chem C. 2017;121:261–269. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b08840
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Wang H, Huang K, et al. Degradation kinetics and mechanism of 3-chlorobenzoic acid in anoxic water environment using graphene/TiO2 as photocatalyst. Environ Technol. 2020;41:2165–2179. doi:10.1080/09593330.2018.1556741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afzal MJ, Pervaiz E, Farrukh S, et al. Highly integrated nanocomposites of rGO/TiO2 nanotubes for enhanced removal of microbes from water. Environ Technol. 2019;40:2567–2576. doi:10.1080/09593330.2018.1447021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan C, Teng N, Wu KX, et al. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of titania composite respond to visible light. Guangzhou Chem Ind. 2015;13:103–105. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9677.2015.13.030
   Google Scholar
• Dhanasekar M, Jenefer V, Nambiar RB, et al. Ambient light antimicrobial activity of reduced graphene oxide supported metal doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their pva based polymer nanocomposite films. Mater Res Bull. 2017;97:238–243. doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2017.08.056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-Ibáñez P, Polo-López MI, Wadhwa S, et al. Solar photocatalytic disinfection of water using titanium dioxide graphene composites. Chem Eng J. 2015;261:36–44. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2014.06.089
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akhavan O, Ghaderi E. Flash photo stimulation of human neural stem cells on graphene/TiO2 heterojunction for differentiation into neurons. Nanoscale. 2013;5:10316. doi:10.1039/c3nr02161k
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy K, Manorama S, Reddy A. Bandgap studies on anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Mater Chem Phys. 2003;78:239–245. doi:10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00343-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang QW, Hou JL, Liu J, et al. Visible photocatalysis of a building glass coated with N-F-TiO2/rGO. Environ Sci Eng. 2020;1:181–190. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-9520-8_20
   Google Scholar
• Sivasankaran S. Optimization and analysis of dry sliding wear behavior of stir casted AlSi6Cu4-TiO2 composite using central composite design. Surf Rev Lett. 2019;26:1–11. doi:10.1142/S0218625X19500525
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang QW, Qi TT, Yang T, et al. Ceramic tiles for photocatalytic removal of NO in indoor and outdoor air under visible light. Build Environ. 2019;158:94–103. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.05.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Pan C. Tio2/graphene composite from thermal reaction of graphene oxide and its photocatalytic activity in visible light. J Mater Sci. 2011;46:2622–2626. doi:10.1007/s10853-010-5116-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shio K, Yusuke A, Vequizo J, et al. Enhanced photocatalytic no x decomposition of visible-light responsive F-TiO2 /(N,C)-TiO2 by charge transfer between F-TiO2 and (N,C)-TiO2 through their doping levels. Appl Catal B Environ. 2018;238:358–364. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.07.038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SJ, Lee K, Kim JH. Preparation of brookite phase TiO2 colloidal sol for thin film coating. Mater Lett. 2006;60(3):364–367. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2005.08.054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hezam M, Qaid SMH, Bedja IM, et al. Synthesis of pure brookite nanorods in a nonaqueous growth environment. Crystals (Basel). 2019;9:562. doi:10.3390/cryst9110562
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiao Y, Zhao B, Chen F, et al. Insight into the crystal lattice formation of brookite in aqueous ammonia media: the electrolyte effect. CrystEngComm. 2011;13:4167–4173. doi:10.1039/C0CE00932F
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu S, Yu J. Effect of F-doping on the photocatalytic activity and microstructures of nanocrystalline TiO2 powders. In: H Yamashita, H Li, editor. Nanostructured photocatalysts: nanostructure science & technology. Cham.: Springer; 2016., pp. 187–200. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26079-2_10
   Google Scholar
• Zhi M, Huang W, Shi Q, et al. Enhanced electrochromic performance of mesoporous titanium dioxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite film prepared by electrophoresis deposition. J Electrochem Soc. 2018;165:804–812. doi:10.1149/2.0451813jes
   Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Xu X, Yang H, et al. The preparation and characterization of TiO2/r-GO/Ag nanocomposites and its photocatalytic activity in formaldehyde degradation. Environ Technol. 2021;42:193–205. doi:10.1080/09593330.2019.1625955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang YF, Shen HY, Liu YH. Synergistic effects of F and Fe in co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. J Nanopart Res. 2016;18:1–18. doi:10.1007/s11051-015-3258-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang G, Wang T, Yang B, et al. Enhanced visible-light activity of F-N co-doped TiO2 nanocrystals via nonmetal impurity, Ti3+ ions and oxygen vacancies. Appl Sur Sci. 2013;287:135–142. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.09.094
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park J, Cho S, Kim W, et al. Fabrication of graphene thin films based on layer-by-layer self-assembly of functionalized graphene nanosheets. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011;3:360–368. doi:10.1021/am100977p
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stankovich S, Dikin D, Piner R, et al. Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide. Carbon N Y. 2007;45:1558–1565. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.02.034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li C, Wang J, Feng S, et al. Low-temperature synthesis of heterogeneous crystalline TiO2-halloysite nanotubes and their visible light photocatalytic activity. J Mater Chem A. 2013;27:8045. doi:10.1039/c3ta11176h
   Google Scholar
• Xue SY, Wu CZ, Pu SY, et al. Direct Z-Scheme charge transfer in heterostructured MoO3/g-C3N4 photocatalysts and the generation of active radicals in photocatalytic dye degradations. Environ Pollut. 2019;250:338–345. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Ruan G, Ruan Y, et al. Hypercrosslinked porous polymers hybridized with graphene oxide for water treatment: dye adsorption and degradation. RSC Adv. 2018;8(24):13417–13422. doi:10.1039/C8RA01620H
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae S, Kim S, Lee S, et al. Dye decolorization test for the activity assessment of visible light photocatalysts: realities and limitations. Catal Today. 2014;224:21–28. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2013.12.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia Y, Zhan SH, Zhou Q. Fabrication of TiO2-Bi2WO6 binanosheet for enhanced solar photocatalytic disinfection of E. Coli: insights on the mechanism. Acs Appl Mater Inter. 2016;8:6841–6851. doi:10.1021/acsami.6b00004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ton NQ, Le TNT, Kim S, et al. High-efficiency photo-generated charges of ZnO/TiO2 heterojunction thin films for photocatalytic and antibacterial performance. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2020;20:2214–2222. doi:10.1166/jnn.2020.17306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh J, Chang Y, Kim Y, et al. Thickness-dependent photocatalytic performance of graphite oxide for degrading organic pollutants under visible light. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2016;18:10882–10886. doi:10.1039/C6CP00582A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mamaghani AH, Haghighat F, Lee CS. Photocatalytic oxidation technology for indoor environment air purification: the state-of-the-art. Appl Catal B Environ. 2017;203:247–269. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.10.037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar