Self-cooling water disinfection reactor with ultraviolet-C light-emitting diodes

References

• Brassard J, Guévremont É, Gagné MJ, et al. Simultaneous recovery of bacteria and viruses from contaminated water and spinach by a filtration method. Int J Food Microbiol. 2011;144(3):565–568.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan H, Liu L, Wang R, et al. Binary composite MoS2/TiO2 nanotube arrays as a recyclable and efficient photocatalyst for solar water disinfection. Chem Eng J. 2020;401:126052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterley C, Linden K. Demonstration and evaluation of germicidal UV-LEDs for point-of-use water disinfection. J Water Health. 2010;8:479–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sholtes KA, Lowe K, Walters GW, et al. Comparison of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes and low-pressure mercury-arc lamps for disinfection of water. Environ Technol. 2016;37(17):2183–2188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrahim MAS, MacAdam J, Autin O, et al. Evaluating the impact of LED bulb development on the economic viability of ultraviolet technology for disinfection. Environ Technol. 2014;35(4):400–406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaun BR, Sumner SS, Eifert JD, et al. Inhibition of pathogens on fresh produce by ultraviolet energy. Int J Food Microbiol. 2004;90(1):1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bintsis T, Litopoulou-Tzanetaki E, Robinson RK. Existing and potential applications of ultraviolet light in the food industry – a critical review. J Sci Food Agric. 2000;80(6):637–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koutchma T, Forney LJ, Moraru CI. Ultraviolet light in food technology: principles and applications. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Kim DK, Kang DH. UVC LED irradiation effectively inactivates aerosolized viruses, bacteria, and fungi in a chamber-type air disinfection system. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018;84(17):e00944–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aoyagi Y, Takeuchi M, Yoshida K, et al. Inactivation of bacterial viruses in water using deep ultraviolet semiconductor light emitting diode. J Environ Eng. 2011;137(12):1215–1218.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oguma K, Kita R, Sakai H, et al. Application of UV light emitting diodes to batch and flow-through water disinfection systems. Desalination. 2013;328:24–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song K, Mohseni M, Taghipour F. Application of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) for water disinfection: a review. Water Res. 2016;94:341–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan Y, Tian X, Zhang B, et al. Numerical verification for a new type of UV disinfection reactor. Ain Shams Eng J. 2020;11(4):1191–1200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan H, Orava M. Performance evaluation of the UV disinfection reactors by CFD and fluence simulations using a concept of disinfection efficiency. J Water Supply: Res Technol-Aqua. 2007;56(3):181–189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreira FC, Bocos E, Faria AGF, et al. Selecting the best piping arrangement for scaling-up an annular channel reactor: an experimental and computational fluid dynamics study. Sci Total Environ. 2019;667:821–832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montecchio F, Altimira M, Andersson A, et al. Fluid dynamics modelling of UV reactors in advanced oxidation processes for VOC abatement applications. Chem Eng J. 2019;369:280–291.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright NG, Hargreaves DM. The use of CFD in the evaluation of UV treatment systems. J Hydroinform. 2001;3(2):59–70.
   Google Scholar
• Wols BA, Uijttewaal WSJ, Rietveld LC, et al. Residence time distributions in ozone contactors. Ozone: Sci Eng. 2008;30(1):49–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Huck PM, Anderson WB, et al. A computational fluid dynamics based integrated disinfection design approach for improvement of full-scale ozone contactor performance. Ozone: Sci Eng. 2007;29(6):451–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long F, Deng B, Xu Y, et al. Numerical simulation of the disinfection performance in an annular reactor with different internal configurations. J Water Process Eng. 2019;31:100824.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou X, Guo H, Li Z, et al. Experimental study on the disinfection efficiencies of a continuous-flow ultrasound/ultraviolet baffled reactor. Ultrason Sonochem. 2015;27:81–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao H, Deng B, Hong J, et al. Numerical simulation of the arrangement of baffles on radiation distribution and disinfection in UV reactors. Chem Eng Technol. 2016;39(1):108–114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li W, Li M, Bolton JR, et al. Configuration optimization of UV reactors for water disinfection with computational fluid dynamics: feasibility of using particle minimum UV dose as a performance indicator. Chem Eng J. 2016;306:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri M, Mohseni M. A study of enhanced performance of VUV/UV process for the degradation of micropollutants from contaminated water. J Hazard Mater. 2015;294:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamidnia M, Luo Y, Wang XD. Application of micro/nano technology for thermal management of high power LED packaging – a review. Appl Therm Eng. 2018;145:637–651.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kheyrandish A, Mohseni M, Taghipour F. Development of a method for the characterization and operation of UV-LED for water treatment. Water Res. 2017;122:570–579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sørensen H. (2012). Water cooling of high power Light Emitting Diode. 13th InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Sufian SF, Abdullah MZ. Heat transfer enhancement of LEDs with a combination of piezoelectric fans and a heat sink. Microelectron Reliab. 2017;68:39–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semenyuk V, Dekhtiaruk R. Novel thermoelectric modules for cooling powerful LEDs: experimental results. J Electron Mater. 2013;42:2227–2232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu XY, Hua TC, Wang YP. Thermal analysis of high power LED package with heat pipe heat sink. Microelectron J. 2011;42(11):1257–1262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bladimir RA, Feng B, Peterson GP. Comparison and optimization of single-phase liquid cooling devices for the heat dissipation of high-power LED arrays. Appl Therm Eng. 2013;59(1–2):648–659.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anithambigai P, Dinasha K, Mutharasua D, et al. Thermal analysis of power LED employing dual interface method and water flow as a cooling system. Thermochim Acta. 2011;523(1–2):237–244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergejevs A, Clarke CT, Allsopp DWE, et al. A calibrated UV-LED based light source for water purification and characterisation of photocatalysis. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2017;16:1690–1699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam SC, Gupta V, Haddad PR, et al. 3D printed liquid cooling interface for a deep-UV-LED-based flow-through absorbance detector. Anal Chem. 2019;91:8795–8800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linden KG, Hull N, Speight V. Thinking outside the treatment plant: UV for water distribution system disinfection. Acc Chem Res. 2019;52:1226–1233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang SY, Lin JC, Huang XQ, et al. Large-area 280 nm LED flexible sterilization light source with improved thermal performance. Optik (Stuttg). 2021;248:168109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang CP, Chang CS, Lin WC. Efficiency improvement of a flow-through water disinfection reactor using UV-C light emitting diodes. J Water Process Eng. 2021;40:101819.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wan J, Zhao H. Thermal performance of solid walls in a mesoscale combustor with a plate flame holder and preheating channels. Energy. 2018;157:448–459.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao XA, LeBoeuf SF, Stecher TE. Temperature-dependent electroluminescence of AlGaN-based UV LEDs. IEEE Electron Device Lett. 2006;27(5):329–331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu LH, Zheng QW, Ruan YJ, et al. Remote online two-step stress lifetime acceleration test system for ultraviolet light-emitting diodes. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas. 2021;70:1–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar