References
- Anemaet WK, Moffa-Trotter ME. Functional tools for assessing balance and gait impairments. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation 1999; 15: 66–83
- Bogochikhin MM, Takasi S, Vu V 1991 Tai Chi Chuan (text in Russian). Printed in Kaliningrad, Peace Street 5, 236000
- Franchignoni F, Tesio L, Martino MT, Ricupero C 1998 Reliability of four simple, quantitative tests of balance and mobility in healthy elderly females. Aging 10: 26–31
- Hartman CA, Manos TM, Winter C, Hartman DM, Li B, Smith JC. Effects of T'ai Chi training on function and quality of life indicators in older adults with osteoarthritis. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2000; 48: 1553–1559
- Jacobson BH, Ho-Cheng C, Cashel C, Guerrero L. The effect of T'ai Chi Chuan training on balance, kinesthetic sense, and strength. Perceptual Motor Skills 1997; 84: 27–33
- Lan C, Lai J-S, Chen S-Y. Tai Chi Chuan an ancient wisdom on exercise and health promotion. Sports Medicine 2002; 32: 217–224
- Li JX, Hong Y, Chan KM. Tai chi: Physiological characteristics and beneficial effects on health. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2001; 35: 148–156
- Murphy L, Riley D, Rodgers J, Plank S, Lehman S, Duryea B. Effects of Tai Chi on balance, mobility, and strength among older persons participating in an osteoporosis prevention and education program. Explore 2005; 1: 192–193
- Powell LE, Myers AM. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 1995; 50A: M28–M34
- Rikli RE, Jones CJ. Functional fitness normative scores for community-residing older adults, ages 60–94. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 1999; 7: 162–181
- Robbins AS, Rubenstein LZ, Josephson KR, Schulman BL, Osterweil D, Fine G. Predictors of falls among elderly people. Archives of Internal Medicine 1989; 149: 1628–1633
- Ross MC, Bohannon AS, Davis DC, Gurchiek L. The effects of a short-term exercise program on movement, pain, and mood in the elderly. Journal of Holistic Nursing 1999; 17: 139–147
- Shumway-Cook A, Brauer S, Woollacott M. Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the Timed Up and Go Test. Physical Therapy 2000; 80: 896–903
- Speechley M, Tinetti M. Falls and injuries in frail and vigorous community elderly persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1991; 39: 46–52
- Studenski S, Duncan PW, Chandler J. Postural responses and effector factors in persons with unexplained falls: Results and methodologic issues. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1991; 39: 229–234
- Taggert HM. Effects of Tai Chi exercise on balance, functional mobility, and fear of falling among older women. Applied Nursing Research 2002; 15: 235–242
- Tinetti ME, Speechley M, Ginter SF. Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. New England Journal of Medicine 1988; 319: 1701–1707
- Tinetti ME, Williams TF, Mayewski R. Fall risk index for elderly patients based on number of chronic disabilities. American Journal of Medicine 1986; 80: 429–434
- US National Osteoporosis Foundation. Fast Facts on Osteoporosis. Available at http://www.niams.nih.gov/bone/hi/ff_osteoporosis.htm
- Whipple RH, Wolfson LI, Amerman PM. The relationship of knee and ankle weakness to falls in nursing home residents: An isokinetic study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1987; 35: 13–20
- Wolf SL, Barnhart HX, Kutner NG, McNeely E, Coogler C, Xu T, Clements SD, Connell BR, Fletcher BJ, Green R, Kutner M, Rusin M, Snider A, Schorr R. Reducing frailty and falls in older persons: An investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1996; 44: 489–497
- Wolfson L, Whipple R, Derby C, Judge J, King M, Amerman P, Schmidt J, Smyers D. Balance and strength training in older adults: Intervention gains and Tai Chi maintenance. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1996; 44: 498–506
- Wong AM, Lin Y-C, Chou S-W, Tang F-T, Wong P-Y. Coordination exercise and postural stability in elderly people: Effect of Tai Chi Chuan. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2001; 82: 608–612
- Wu G. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Tai Chi for improving balance and preventing falls in the older population—A review. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2002; 50: 746–754
- Yan JH. Tai Chi practice improves senior citizens’ balance and arm movement control. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 1998; 6: 271–284
- Zwick D, Rochelle A, Choksi A, Domowicz J. Evaluation and treatment of balance in the elderly: A review of the efficacy of the Berg Balance Test and Tai Chi Quan. Neurorehabilitation 2000; 15: 49–56