Family risk factors for cannabis use: a population-based survey of Australian secondary school students

References

• Windle M, Windle RC. Adolescent tobacco, alcohol, and drug use: current findings. Adolesc Med 1999;10:153–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen K, Kandel D. The natural history of drug use from adolescence to mid-thirties in a general population sample. Am J Public Health 1995;85:41–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coffey C, Lynskey MT, Wolfe R, Patton G. Initiation and progression of cannabis use in a population-based Austra- lian adolescent longitudinal study. Addiction 2000;95:1679–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administra- tion (SAMHSA). Preliminary results from the 1996 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (DHHS publication no. SMA 97-3137). Washington, DC: Govern- ment Printing Office, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Johnston LD, O’Malley PM, Bachman JG. National survey results on drug use from the Monitoring the Future Study, 1975-1995, vol 1. Secondary school students (NIH publication no. 96-4139). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Chassin L, Rogosch F, Barrera M. Substance use sympto- matology among adolescent children of alcoholics. J Abnorm Psychol 1991;100:449–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofler M, Lieb R, Perkonigg A, Schuster P, Sonntag H, Wittchen H. Covariates of cannabis use progression in a representative population sample of adolescents: a prospec- tive examination of vulerability and risk factors. Addiction 1999;94:1679–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swadi H. Individual risk factors for adolescent substance use. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999;55:209–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992;112:64–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dembo R, Farrow D, Schmeidler J. Testing a causal model of environmental influences on early drug involvement of inner city junior high school youths. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1979;6:313–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandel DB, Andrews K. Processes of adolescent socialisa- tion by parents and peers. Int J Addict 1987;43:746–54.
   Google Scholar
• Maddahian E, Newcomb MD, Bentler PM. Adolescent drug use and intention to use drugs: concurrent and longitudinal analyses of four ethnic groups. Addict Behav 1988;13:191–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose G. Sick individuals and sick populations. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:427–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz S, Diez-Roux R. Commentary: causes of in- cidence and causes of cases—a Durkheimian perspective on Rose. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:435–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sutherland I, Shepherd JP. Social dimensions of adolescent substance use. Addiction 2001;96:445–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakalahi HF. Adolescent substance use and family-based risk and protective factors: a literature review. J Drug Educ 2001;31:29–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wills TA, Cleary SD. How are social support effects mediated? A test with parental support and adolescent substance use. J Pers Social Psychol 1996;71:937–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner RA, Irwin CE, Millstein SG. Family structure, family processes, and experimentation with substances during adolescence. J Res Adolesc 1991;1:93–106.
   Google Scholar
• Windle M. Alcohol use among adolescents. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Duncan SC, Ducan TE, Biglan A, Dennis A. Contributions of the social context to the development of adolescent substance use: a multivariate latent growth modeling approach. Drug Alcohol Depend 1998;50:57–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnick MD, Bearman PS, Blum RW et al. Protecting adolescents from harm: findings of the national longitudinal study on adolescent heatlh. J Am Med Assoc 1997;278:823–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott DS, Huizinga D, Ageton SS. Explaining delinquency and drug use. Beverly Hills, California: Sage Publications, 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Jenson JM, Howard MO, Yaffe J. Treatment of adolescent substance abusers: issues for practice and research. Soc Work Health Care 1995;21:1–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mechanic D, Hansell S. Divorce, family, conflict and adolescents’ well-being. J Health Soc Behav 1989;30:105–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Needle R, Su S, Doherty W, Lavee Y, Brown P. Familial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal correlates of drug use: a longitudinal comparison of adolescents in treatment, drug- using adolescent not in treatment, and nondrug-using adolescents. Int J Addict 1988;23:1211–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes JE, Jason LA. A social stress model of substance abuse. J Consult Clin Psychol 1990;58:395–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb JA, Baer PA, McLaughlin RJ, McKelvey RS, Caid CD. Risk factors and their relationship to Initiation of alcohol use among early adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1991;30:563–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilkinson K. The broken home and delinquent behavior: and alternative interpretation of contradictory findings. In: Hirschi T, Cottfredson M, eds. Understanding crime: current theory and research. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1980:21–42.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson CA, Pentz MA, Webber MD et al. Relative effectiveness of comprehensive community programming for drug abuse prevention with high-risk and low-risk adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol 1990;58:447–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prinstein MJ, Boergers J, Spirito A. Adolescents’ and their friends’ health-risk behaviour: factors that alter or add to peer influence. J Pediatr Psychol 2001;26:287–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDermott D. The relationship of parental drug use and parents’ attitude concerning adolescent drug use to adoles- cent drug use. Adolescence 1984;19:89–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson V, Pandina RJ. Effects of the family environment on adolescent substance use, delinquency, and coping styles. Am J Alcohol Drug Abuse 1991;17:71–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adrados JR. The influence of family, school, and peers on adolescent substance use: the influence of parents and friends. Int J Addict 1995;30:1407–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bond L, Thomas L, Toumbourou J, Patton GC, Catalano R. Improving the lives of young Victorians in our commu- nity: a survey of risk and protective factors. Victoria: Centre for Adolescent Health Report prepared for Community Care Division, Department of Human Services, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Kosterman R, Hawkins JD, Guo J, Catalano RF, Abbott RD. The dynamics of alcohol and marijuana initiation: patterns and predictors of first use in adolescence. Am J Public Health 2000;9:360–6.
   Google Scholar
• Toumbourou JW, Gregg ME. Working with families to promote healthy adolescent development. Family Matters 2001;59:54–60.
   Google Scholar
• Catalano RF, Gainey RR, Fleming CB, Haggerty KP, Johnson NO. (1999) An experimental intervention with families of substance abusers: 1-year follow-up of the focus on families project, Addiction 1999; 94:241–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar