0
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Case Report

Training to deal with distractions and conflicting situations in activities of daily living after traumatic brain injury (TBI): Preliminary evidence from a single-case experimental design study

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon &
Received 04 Dec 2023, Accepted 28 Jun 2024, Published online: 15 Jul 2024

References

  • Bogdanova, Y., Yee, M. K., Ho, V. T., & Cicerone, K. D. (2016). Computerized cognitive rehabilitation of attention and executive function in acquired brain injury: A systematic review. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 31(6), 419–433. https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000203
  • Bogner, J., Hade, E. M., Peng, J., Beaulieu, C. L., Horn, S. D., Corrigan, J. D., Hammond, F. M., Dijkers, M. P., Montgomery, E., Gilchrist, K., Giuffrida, C., Lash, A., & Timpson, M. (2019). Family involvement in traumatic brain injury inpatient rehabilitation: A propensity score analysis of effects on outcomes during the first year after discharge. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(10), 1801–1809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.04.008
  • Burgess, P. W. (2000). Strategy application disorder: The role of the frontal lobes in human multitasking. Psychological Research, 63(3–4), 279–288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004269900006
  • Chen, A. J. W., Abrams, G. M., & D’Esposito, M. (2006). Functional reintegration of prefrontal neural networks for enhancing recovery after brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 21(2), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001199-200603000-00004
  • Chen, M. H., & Goverover, Y. (2021). Self-awareness in multiple sclerosis: Relationships with executive functions and affect. European Journal of Neurology, 28(5), 1627–1635. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14762
  • Chen, A. J.-W., Loya, F., & Binder, D. (2017). Technological innovations to enhance neurocognitive rehabilitation. In R. L. Kane & T. D. Parsons (Eds.), The role of technology in clinical neuropsychology (pp. 329–389). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234737.003.0019.
  • Chen, A., Novakovic-Agopian, T., & Loya, F. (2019). Interventions to improve cognitive functioning after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In Traumatic brain injury: A clinician’s guide to diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation: Second edition (pp. 329–376). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22436-3_17.
  • Chevignard, M., Pillon, B., Pradat-Diehl, P., Taillefer, C., Rousseau, S., Le Bras, C., & Dubois, B. (2000). An ecological approach to planning dysfunction: Script execution. Cortex, 36(5), 649–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70543-4
  • Chevignard, M. P., Taillefer, C., Picq, C., Poncet, F., Noulhiane, M., & Pradat-Diehl, P. (2008). Ecological assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome using execution of a cooking task. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 18(4), 461–485. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602010701643472
  • Chiou, K. S., & Hillary, F. G. (2012). Benefits of order: The influence of item sequencing on metacognition in moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 18(2), 379–383. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711001846
  • Chiu, E.-C., Wu, W.-C., Hung, J.-W., & Tseng, Y.-H. (2018). Validity of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in patients with stroke. Disability and Rehabilitation, 40(16), 1967–1971. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1323020
  • Cicchetti, D. V. (2001). The precision of reliability and validity estimates re-visited: Distinguishing between clinical and statistical significance of sample size requirements. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 23(5), 695–700. https://doi.org/10.1076/jcen.23.5.695.1249
  • Cicerone, K. D., Goldin, Y., Ganci, K., Rosenbaum, A., Wethe, J. V., Langenbahn, D. M., Malec, J. F., Bergquist, T. F., Kingsley, K., Nagele, D., Trexler, L., Fraas, M., Bogdanova, Y., & Harley, J. P. (2019). Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation: Systematic review of the literature from 2009 through 2014. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 100(8), 1515–1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.02.011
  • Ciurli, P., Bivona, U., Barba, C., Onder, G., Silvestro, D., Azicnuda, E., Rigon, J., & Formisano, R. (2010). Metacognitive unawareness correlates with executive function impairment after severe traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16(2), 360–368. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561770999141X
  • Clearinghouse, W. W. (2022). Procedures and Standards Handbook, Version 5.0. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences.
  • Crawford, J. R., & Garthwaite, P. H. (2002). Investigation of the single case in neuropsychology: Confidence limits on the abnormality of test scores and test score differences. Neuropsychologia, 40(8), 1196–1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00224-X
  • Crawford, J. R., Garthwaite, P. H., & Porter, S. (2010). Point and interval estimates of effect sizes for the case-controls design in neuropsychology: Rationale, methods, implementations, and proposed reporting standards. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 27(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643294.2010.513967
  • Crawford, J. R., & Howell, D. C. (1998). Comparing an individual’s test score against norms derived from small samples. Clinical Neuropsychologist, 12(4), 482–486. https://doi.org/10.1076/clin.12.4.482.7241
  • Daza, P., Novy, D. M., Stanley, M. A., & Averill, P. (2002). The depression anxiety stress scale-21: Spanish translation and validation with a Hispanic sample. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 24(3), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016014818163
  • Doig, E. J., Fleming, J., & Ownsworth, T. (2020). Evaluation of an occupation-based metacognitive intervention targeting awareness, executive function and goal-related outcomes after traumatic brain injury using single-case experimental design methodology. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 31(10), 1527–1556. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2020.1786410
  • Doig, E., Fleming, J., Ownsworth, T., & Fletcher, S. (2017). An occupation-based, metacognitive approach to assessing error performance and online awareness. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 64(2), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1630.12322
  • Engel, L., Chui, A., Goverover, Y., & Dawson, D. R. (2019). Optimising activity and participation outcomes for people with self-awareness impairments related to acquired brain injury: An interventions systematic review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 29(2), 163–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2017.1292923
  • Faria, A. L., Pinho, M. S., & Bermúdez i Badia, S. (2020). A comparison of two personalization and adaptive cognitive rehabilitation approaches: A randomized controlled trial with chronic stroke patients. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 17(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-020-00691-5
  • Geusgens, C. A. V., Winkens, I., van Heugten, C. M., Jollens, J., & van den Heuvel, W. J. A. (2007). Occurrence and measurement of transfer in cognitive rehabilitation: A critical review. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 39(6), 425–439. https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0092
  • Giovannetti, T., Libon, D. J., & Hart, T. (2002). Awareness of naturalistic action errors in dementia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8(5), 633–644. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561770280131X
  • Gómez-de-Regil, L. (2020). Assessment of executive function in patients with traumatic brain injury with the Wisconsin card-sorting test. Brain Sciences, 10(10), 699. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100699
  • Heaton, R., Chelune, G., Talley, J., Kay, G., & Curtiss, G. (2009). Test de Clasificación de Tarjetas de Wisconsin (WCST). TEA ediciones.
  • Hendry, K., Ownsworth, T., Beadle, E., Chevignard, M. P., Fleming, J., Griffin, J., & Shum, D. H. K. (2016). Cognitive deficits underlying error behavior on a naturalistic task after severe traumatic brain injury. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 10, 190. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00190
  • Humphreys, G. W., & Forde, E. M. E. (1998). Disordered action schema and action disorganisation syndrome. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 15(6–8), 771–811.
  • Iannaccone, R., Hauser, T. U., Staempfli, P., Walitza, S., Brandeis, D., & Brem, S. (2015). Conflict monitoring and error processing: New insights from simultaneous EEG–fMRI. Neuroimage, 105, 395–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.028
  • Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.1.12
  • Jaywant, A., Arora, C., Lussier, A., & Toglia, J. (2021). Impaired performance on a cognitively-based instrumental activities of daily living task, the 10-item weekly calendar planning activity, in individuals with stroke undergoing acute inpatient rehabilitation. Frontiers in Neurology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.704775
  • Jaywant, A., Steinberg, C., Lee, A., & Toglia, J. (2022). Feasibility and acceptability of the multicontext approach for individuals with acquired brain injury in acute inpatient rehabilitation: A single case series. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 32(2), 211–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2020.1810710
  • Jeffay, E., Ponsford, J., Harnett, A., Janzen, S., Patsakos, E., Douglas, J., Kennedy, M., Kua, A., Teasell, R., & Welch-West, P. (2023). INCOG 2.0 guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury, part III: Executive functions. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 38(1), 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000838
  • Jory, J. I., Bruna, A. A., Muñoz-Neira, C., & Chonchol, A. S. (2013). Chilean version of the INECO Frontal Screening (IFS-Ch): Psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy. Dementia e Neuropsychologia, 7(1), 40–47. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642013dn70100007
  • Kennedy, M. R. T., & Coelho, C. (2005). Self-regulation after traumatic brain injury: A framework for intervention of memory and problem solving. Seminars in Speech and Language, 26(4), 242–255. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-922103
  • Kersey, J., Juengst, S. B., & Skidmore, E. (2019). Effect of strategy training on self-awareness of deficits after stroke. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 73(3), 7303345020p1–7303345020p7. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2019.031450
  • Klein, L. A., Houlihan, D., Vincent, J. L., & Panahon, C. J. (2017). Best practices in utilizing the changing criterion design. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 10(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-014-0036-x
  • Landa-Gonzalez, B. (2001). Multicontextual occupational therapy intervention: A case study of traumatic brain injury. Occupational Therapy International, 8(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1002/oti.131
  • Lane, J. D., & Gast, D. L. (2014). Visual analysis in single case experimental design studies: Brief review and guidelines. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 24(3–4), 445–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2013.815636
  • Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Bigler, E. D., & Tranel, D. (2012). Neuropsychological assessment. Neuropsychological assessment (5th ed). Oxford University Press.
  • Lopéz, R. F., & Antoli, A. (2020). Computer-based cognitive interventions in acquired brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One, 15(7 July), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235510
  • Mahoney, D., Kotler, J. M., Nilsen, D. M., & Gillen, G. (2023). Effectiveness of task-oriented approaches and occupation-based activities to improve performance and participation in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among adult stroke survivors (2009–2019). The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77(Supplement 1), https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2023.77S10008
  • Maier, M., Ballester, B. R., Leiva Bañuelos, N., Duarte Oller, E., & Verschure, P. F. M. J. (2020). Adaptive conjunctive cognitive training (ACCT) in virtual reality for chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 17(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-020-0652-3
  • Manolov, R. (2018). Linear trend in single-case visual and quantitative analyses. Behavior Modification, 42(5), 684–706. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445517726301
  • Manolov, R., Moeyaert, M., & Fingerhut, J. E. (2021). A priori justification for effect measures in single-case experimental designs. Perspectives on Behavior Science, 45(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-021-00282-2
  • Manolov, R., & Solanas, A. (2018). Analytical options for single-case experimental designs: Review and application to brain impairment. Brain Impairment, 19(1), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2017.17
  • McAlister, C., & Schmitter-Edgecombe, M. (2016). Everyday functioning and cognitive correlates in healthy older adults with subjective cognitive concerns. Clinical Neuropsychologist, 30(7), 1087–1103. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2016.1190404
  • Merchán-Baeza, J. A., Rodriguez-Bailon, M., Ricchetti, G., Navarro-Egido, A., & Funes, M. J. (2020). Awareness of cognitive abilities in the execution of activities of daily living after acquired brain injury: An evaluation protocol. BMJ Open, 10(10), https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-037542
  • Moeyaert, M., Ugille, M., Ferron, J. M., Beretvas, S. N., & Van den Noortgate, W. (2014). The influence of the design matrix on treatment effect estimates in the quantitative analyses of single-subject experimental design research. Behavior Modification, 38(5), 665–704. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445514535243
  • Nagelkop, N. D., Rosselló, M., Aranguren, I., Lado, V., Ron, M., & Toglia, J. (2021). Using multicontext approach to improve instrumental activities of daily living performance after a stroke: A case report. Occupational Therapy in Health Care, 35(3), 249–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/07380577.2021.1919954
  • Niki, C., Maruyama, T., Muragaki, Y., & Kumada, T. (2009). Disinhibition of sequential actions following right frontal lobe damage. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 26(3), 266–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643290903028484
  • O’Connell, R. G., Dockree, P. M., Bellgrove, M. A., Kelly, S. P., Hester, R., Garavan, H., Robertson, I. H., & Foxe, J. J. (2007). The role of cingulate cortex in the detection of errors with and without awareness: A high-density electrical mapping study. European Journal of Neuroscience, 25(8), 2571–2579. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05477.x
  • Onghena, P. (2020). One by one: The design and analysis of replicated randomized single-case experiments. In R. van de Schoot & M. Miocˇević (Eds.), Small sample size solutions: A guide for applied researchers and practitioners. Routledge. https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/22385/9780367221898_text (1).pdf.
  • Overdorp, E. J., Kessels, R. P. C., Claassen, J. A., & Oosterman, J. M. (2016). The combined effect of neuropsychological and neuropathological deficits on instrumental activities of daily living in older adults: A systematic review. Neuropsychology Review, 26(1), 92–106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-015-9312-y
  • Ownsworth, T., & Clare, L. (2006). The association between awareness deficits and rehabilitation outcome following acquired brain injury. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(6), 783–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2006.05.003
  • Ownsworth, T., Fleming, J., Desbois, J., Strong, J., & Kuipers, P. (2006). A metacognitive contextual intervention to enhance error awareness and functional outcome following traumatic brain injury: A single-case experimental design. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 12(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561770606005X
  • Ownsworth, T., Fleming, J., Tate, R., Beadle, E., Griffin, J., Kendall, M., Schmidt, J., Lane-Brown, A., Chevignard, M., & Shum, D. H. K. (2017). Do people with severe traumatic brain injury benefit from making errors? A randomized controlled trial of error-based and errorless learning. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 31(12), 1072–1082. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968317740635
  • Ownsworth, T., Quinn, H., Fleming, J., Kendall, M., & Shum, D. (2010). Error self-regulation following traumatic brain injury: A single case study evaluation of metacognitive skills training and behavioural practice interventions. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 20(1), 59–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602010902949223
  • Paolo, A. M., Axelrod, B. N., & Tröster, A. I. (1996). Test-retest stability of the Wisconsin card sorting test. Assessment, 3(2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/107319119600300205
  • Park, H. Y., Maitra, K., & Martinez, K. M. (2015). The effect of occupation-based cognitive rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Occupational Therapy International, 22(2), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1002/oti.1389
  • Pinasco, C., Oviedo, M., Goldfeder, M., Bruno, D., Lischinsky, A., Torralva, T., & Roca, M. (2021). Sensitivity and specificity of the INECO frontal screening (IFS) in the detection of patients with traumatic brain injury presenting executive deficits. Applied Neuropsychology:Adult, 30(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2021.1937170
  • Ricchetti, G., Navarro-Egido, A., Rodríguez-Bailón, M., Salazar-Frías, D., Merchán-Baeza, J. A., Ariza-Vega, P., & Funes, M. J. (2024). The breakfast and dressing conflict task: Preliminary evidence of its validity to measure online self-awareness after acquired brain injury. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 78(2), https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2024.050346
  • Ridderinkhof, K. R., Van Den Wildenberg, W. P. M., Segalowitz, S. J., & Carter, C. S. (2004). Neurocognitive mechanisms of cognitive control: The role of prefrontal cortex in action selection, response inhibition, performance monitoring, and reward-based learning. Brain and Cognition, 56(2), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2004.09.016
  • Rittmo, JÖ, & McIntosh, R. D. (2021). Singcar: Comparing single cases to small samples inR. Journal of Open Source Software, 6(68), 3887. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03887
  • Royall, D. R., Lauterbach, E. C., Kaufer, D., Malloy, P., Coburn, K. L., & Black, K. J. (2007). The cognitive correlates of functional status: A review from the committee on research of the American neuropsychiatric association. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 19(3), 249–265. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.2007.19.3.249
  • Rycroft, S. S., Giovannetti, T., Divers, R., & Hulswit, J. (2018). Sensitive performance-based assessment of everyday action in older and younger adults. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 25(2), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2017.1287855
  • Salazar-Frías, D., Funes, M. J., Merchán-Baeza, J. A., Ricchetti, G., Torralba-Muñoz, J. M., & Rodríguez-Bailón, M. (2023). Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the 10-item weekly calendar planning activity in spanish-speaking ABI patients: A multicenter study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1018055
  • Schmidt, J., Fleming, J., Ownsworth, T., & Lannin, N. A. (2013). Video feedback on functional task performance improves self-awareness after traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled trial. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 27(4), 316–324. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968312469838
  • Schmidt, J., Fleming, J., Ownsworth, T., & Lannin, N. A. (2015). Maintenance of treatment effects of an occupation-based intervention with video feedback for adults with TBI. NeuroRehabilitation, 36(2), 175–186. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE-151205
  • Sierra Sanjurjo, N., Saraniti, A. B., Gleichgerrcht, E., Roca, M., Manes, F., & Torralva, T. (2019). The IFS (INECO Frontal Screening) and level of education: Normative data. Applied Neuropsychology:Adult, 26(4), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2018.1427096
  • Snodgrass, M. R., Chung, M. Y., Meadan, H., & Halle, J. W. (2018-03). Social validity in single-case research: A systematic literature review of prevalence and application, 74, 160–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.01.007
  • Sohlberg, M. M., & Mateer, C. A. (2001). Cognitive rehabilitation: An integrative neuropsychological approach. Cognitive rehabilitation: An integrative neuropsychological approach. Guilford Press.
  • Steinberg, C., & Zlotnik, S. (2019). The multicontext approach. In T. Wolf, E. Df, & G. Gm (Eds.), Functional cognition and occupational therapy: A practical approach to treating individuals with cognitive loss (pp. 219–237). American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.
  • Stuss, D. T. (2011). Functions of the frontal lobes: Relation to executive functions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17(5), 759–765. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617711000695
  • Tanious, R., Manolov, R., Onghena, P., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2024). Single-case experimental designs: The importance of randomization and replication. Nature Reviews Methods Primers, 4(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-024-00312-8
  • Tate, R., Kennedy, M., Ponsford, J., Douglas, J., Velikonja, D., Bayley, M., & Stergiou-Kita, M. (2014a). INCOG recommendations for management of cognition following traumatic brain injury, part III: Executive function and self-awareness. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 29(4), 338–352. https://doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000068
  • Tate, R. L., Perdices, M., McDonald, S., Togher, L., & Rosenkoetter, U. (2014b). The design, conduct and report of single-case research: Resources to improve the quality of the neurorehabilitation literature. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 24(3–4), 315–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2013.875043
  • Tate, R. L., Perdices, M., Rosenkoetter, U., Shadish, W., Vohra, S., Barlow, D. H., Horner, R., Kazdin, A., Kratochwill, T., McDonald, S., Sampson, M., Shamseer, L., Togher, L., Albin, R., Backman, C., Douglas, J., Evans, J. J., Gast, D., Manolov, R., … Wilson, B. (2016). The Single-Case Reporting Guideline in BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 statement. Remedial and Special Education, 37(6), 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741932516652893
  • Tate, R. L., Wakim, D., Sigmundsdottir, L., & Longley, W. (2020). Evaluating an intervention to increase meaningful activity after severe traumatic brain injury: A single-case experimental design with direct inter-subject and systematic replications. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 30(4), 641–672. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2018.1488746
  • Toglia, J. (2015). Weekly calendar planning activity: A performance test of executive function. AOTA Press.
  • Toglia, J. (2018). The dynamic interactional model and the multicontext approach. In N. Katz & J. Toglia (Eds.), Cognition, occupation, and participation across the lifespan: Neuroscience, neurorehabil- itation, and models for intervention in occupational therapy (4th ed., pp. 355–383). AOTA Press.
  • Toglia, J., & Foster, E. R. (2022). The multicontext approach to cognitive rehabilitation: A metacognitive strategy intervention to optimize functional cognition. Gatekeeper Press.
  • Toglia, J., & Goverover, Y. (2022). Revisiting the dynamic comprehensive model of self-awareness: A scoping review and thematic analysis of its impact 20 years later. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 32(8), 1–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2022.2075017
  • Toglia, J., Goverover, Y., Johnston, M. V., & Dain, B. (2011). Application of the multicontextual approach in promoting learning and transfer of strategy use in an individual with TBI and executive dysfunction. OTJR : occupation. Participation and Health, 31(1), S53–S60. https://doi.org/10.3928/15394492-20101108-09
  • Toglia, J., Johnston, M. V., Goverover, Y., & Dain, B. (2010). A multicontext approach to promoting transfer of strategy use and self regulation after brain injury: An exploratory study. Brain Injury, 24(4), 664–677. https://doi.org/10.3109/02699051003610474
  • Toglia, J., & Kirk, U. (2000). Understanding awareness deficits following brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation, 15(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE-2000-15104
  • Toglia, J., Lee, A., Steinberg, C., & Waldman-Levi, A. (2020). Establishing and measuring treatment fidelity of a complex cognitive rehabilitation intervention: The multicontext approach. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 83(6), 363–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308022619898091
  • Torralva, T., Roca, M., Gleichgerrcht, E., López, P., & Manes, F. (2009). INECO frontal screening (IFS): A brief, sensitive, and specific tool to assess executive functions in dementia. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 15(5), 777–786. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617709990415
  • Van De Ven, R. M., Murre, J. M. J., Veltman, D. J., & Schmand, B. A. (2016). Computer-based cognitive training for executive functions after stroke: A systematic review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00150
  • Villalobos, D., Bilbao, Á, López-Muñoz, F., & Pacios, J. (2020a). Conciencia de déficit como proceso clave en la rehabilitación de pacientes con daño cerebral adquirido: revisión sistemática. Revista de Neurología, 70(01), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7001.2019313
  • Villalobos, D., Caperos, J. M., Bilbao, Á, Bivona, U., Formisano, R., & Pacios, J. (2020b). Self-awareness moderates the association between executive dysfunction and functional independence after acquired brain injury. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 35(7), 1059–1068. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa048
  • Villalobos, D., Caperos, J. M., Bilbao, Á, López-Muñoz, F., & Pacios, J. (2021). Cognitive predictors of self-awareness in patients with acquired brain injury along neuropsychological rehabilitation. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 31(6), 983–1001. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2020.1751663
  • Wilbert, J. (2023). Scplot: An R package for visualizing single-case data. University of Potsdam. https://cran.r-project.org/package=scplot.
  • Wilbert, J., Börnert-Ringleb, M., & Lüke, T. (2022). Statistical power of piecewise regression analyses of single-case experimental studies addressing behavior problems. Frontiers in Education, 7, 917944. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.917944
  • Wilbert, J., & Lueke, T. (2023). scan: Single-Case Data Analyses for Single and Multiple Baseline Designs. (0.60) [English]. CRAN. https://cran.r-project.org/package=scan.
  • Wilson, B. (1987). Single-case experimental designs in neuropsychological rehabilitation. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology : Official Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 9(5), 527–544. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638708410767
  • Wolf, T. J., Chuh, A., Floyd, T., McInnis, K., & Williams, E. (2015). Effectiveness of occupation-based interventions to improve areas of occupation and social participation after stroke: An evidence-based review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 69(1), 6901180060p1–6901180060p11. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2015.012195
  • Wulf-Andersen, C., & Mogensen, J. (2017). Family and home in cognitive rehabilitation after brain injury: The importance of family oriented interventions. NeuroRehabilitation, 41(2), 519–525. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE-162007

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.