Agricultural pesticide residues in water from a karstic aquifer in Yucatan, Mexico, pose a risk to children’s health

References

• Adamu CI, Nganje TN, Edet A. 2015. Heavy metal contamination and health risk assessment associated with abandoned barite mines in Cross River State, southeastern Nigeria. Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag. 3:10–21. doi:10.1016/j.enmm.2014.11.001
   Google Scholar
• Akoto O, Oppong-Otoo J, Osei-Fosu P. 2015. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of organochlorine pesticide residues in processed cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children in Ghana. Chemosphere. 132:193–199. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.056
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert L. 2019. Los plaguicidas altamente peligrosos y la lista PAN. En: albert LA y Viveros Ruiz AD, Plaguicidas y Ambiente. Veracruz: México; p. 115–134.
   Google Scholar
• Ali N, Kalsoom SK, Ihsanullah IR, Muhammad S. 2018. Human health risk assessment through consumption of organophosphate pesticide-contaminated water of peshawar basin, pakistan. Expo Health. 10(4):259–272. doi:10.1007/s12403-017-0259-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali N, Khan S, Khan MA, Waqas M, Yao H. 2019. Endocrine disrupting pesticides in soil and their health risk through ingestion of vegetables grown in Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 26(9):8808–8820. doi:10.1007/s11356-019-04287-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bejarano González F. 2017. Los plaguicidas altamente peligrosos en México [Internet]. México: Red de Acción sobre Plaguicidas y Alternativas en México, AC. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://ipen.org/documents/los-plaguicidas-altamente-peligrosos-en-m%C3%A9xico
   Google Scholar
• Barreto Ml. 2004. The globalization of epidemiology: critical thoughts from Latin America. Int J Epidemiol. 33(5):1132–1137. doi:10.1093/ije/dyh113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• [COFEPRIS] Comisión Federal para la Protección contra Riesgos. 2019. Gobierno de México establece medidas para eliminar uso de plaguicidas de alta peligrosidad [Internet]. [Accessed 2019 Oct 20]. https://www.gob.mx/cofepris/prensa/gobierno-de-mexico-establece-medidas-para-eliminar-uso-de-plaguicidas-de-alta-peligrosidad-226795
   Google Scholar
• Cobos-Gasca V, Barrientos-Medina R, Navarro JA, Rendón-von Osten J. 2014. Plaguicidas organoclorados: contaminantes persistentes en cenotes de Yucatán. Bioagrociencias. 7(1):24–27.
   Google Scholar
• Core Team R. 2016. R: a language and environment for statistical computing [Internet]. Vienna (Austria): R Foundation for Statistical Computing. [Accessed 2019 Oct 20]. https://www.R-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Cuculic V, Cukrov N, Kwokal Z, Strmecki S, Plavsic M. 2018. Assessing trace metal contamination and organic matter in the brackish lakes as the major source of potable water. Environ Geochem Health. 40(1):489–503. doi:10.1007/s10653-017-9935-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ed de Acción sobre Plaguicidas y Alternativas en México, A.C. (RAPAM). Los Plaguicidas Altamente Peligrosos en México. 2017 . [Citado en agosto 2018]. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net.publication/319515704 _Los_Plaguicidas_Altamente_Peligrosos_en_Mexico
   Google Scholar
• [DOF] Diario Oficial de la Federación. 2000. Modificación a la Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM). NOM-127-SSA1-1994 Salud ambiental. Agua para uso y consumo humano. Límites permisibles de calidad y tratamientos a que debe someterse el agua para su potabilización [Internet]. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/110520/MODIFICACION_A_LA_NORMA_NOM_127_SSA1_1994_22_NOVIEMBRE_2000.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dougherty CP, Holtz SH, Reinert JC, Panyacosit L, Axelrad DA, Woodruff TJ. 2000. Dietary exposures to food contaminants across the United States. Environ Res. 84(2):170–185. doi:10.1006/enrs.2000.4027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dray S, Dufour AB. 2007. The ade4 package: implementing the duality diagram for ecologists. J Stat Softw. 22(4):1–20. doi:10.18637/jss.v022.i04.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Maio FG. 2011. Understanding chronic non-communicable diseases in Latin America: towards an equity-based research agenda. Glob Health. 7(1):36. doi:10.1186/1744-8603-7-36.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• [EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A). Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. [Accessed 2019 Oct 20]. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/rags_a.pdf
   Google Scholar
• [EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. Guidelines for exposure assessment. environmental protection agency washington, D.C. [Accessed 2019 Nov 20]. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-11/documents/guidelines_exp_assessment.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. [Accesed 2019 Dec 22]
   Google Scholar
• [EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 2018. Method 525.2: determination of organic compounds in drinking water by liquid-solid extraction and capillary column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. environmental protection agency, Cincinnati, OH. [Accessed 2018 Sep 20]. https://www.epa.gov/esam/epa-method-5252-determination-organic-compounds-drinking-water-liquid-solid-extraction-and
   Google Scholar
• [FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2015. New visual guide to protect children from pesticides Internet]. [Accessed 2019 Oct 20]. http://www.fao.org/news/story/es/item/286515/icode/
   Google Scholar
• [EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 2017. Integrated risk information system (iris). united states environmental protection agency. [Accessed 2019 Dec 20]. https://www.epa.gov/iris
   Google Scholar
• Ford D, Williams PD. 2013. Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology. England (EN): John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• García Hernández J, Leyva Morales JB, Martínez Rodríguez IE, Hernández Ochoa MI, Aldana Madrid ML, Rojas García AE, Betancourt Lozano M, Pérez Herrera NE, Perera Rios JH. 2018. Estado actual de la investigación sobre plaguicidas en México. Rev Int Contam Ambie. 34(esp01):29–60. doi:10.20937/RICA.2018.34.esp01.03.
   Google Scholar
• Giácoman-Vallejos G, Lizárraga-Castro I, Ponce-Caballero C, González-Sanchéz A, Hernández-Núñez E. 2018. Presence of DDT and lindane in a karstic groundwater aquifer in Yucatan, Mexico. Ground Water Monit Remediat. 38(2):1–11. doi:10.1111/gwmr.12267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González Herrera RA, BSI AE, Sánchez PIA, Osorio Rodríguez JH. 2018. El acuífero yucateco, Análisis del riesgo de contaminación con apoyo de un sistema de información geográfica. Rev Int Contam Ambie. 34(4):667–683. doi:10.20937/RICA.2018.3404.09.
   Google Scholar
• Helsel DR. 2012. Statistics for censored environmental data using Minitab® and R. New Jersey (NJ): John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9781118162729.
   Google Scholar
• Howard G, Bartam J, Williams A, Overbo A, Fuente D, Geere JA. 2020. Domestic Water Quantity, Service Level and Health. Geneva (GN): World Health Organization. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/338044/9789240015241-eng.pdf
   Google Scholar
• [INEGI] Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. 2017. Anuario estadístico y geográfico de Yucatán. México (MX):Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía.
   Google Scholar
• [IARC] International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2020. Monographs. Chlordane and heptachlor [Internet]. [Accessed 2018 Oct 20]. https://monographs.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono79-17.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jaipieam S, Visuthismajarn P, Sutheravut P, Siriwong W, Thoumsang S, Borjan M, Robson M. 2009. Organophosphate pesticide residues in drinking water from artesian Wells and health risk assesment of agricultural communities, Thailand. Hum Ecol Risk Assess. 15(6):1304–1316. doi:10.1080/10807030903306984.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kresic N, Stevanovic Z. 2009. Groundwater hydrology of springs: engineering, theory, management and sustainability. New York (NY): Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Laborde A, Tomasina F, Bianchi F, Bruné MN, Buka I, Comba P, Corra L, Cori L, Duffert CM, Harari R, et al. 2015. Children’s health in Latin America: the influence of environmental exposures. Environ Health Perspect. 123(3):201–209. doi:10.1289/ehp.1408292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landrigan PJ, Goldman LR. 2011. Children’s vulnerability to toxic chemicals: a challenge and opportunity for health and environmental policy. Health Aff. 30(5):842–850. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landrigan PJ, Sly JL, Ruchirawat M, Silva ER, Huo X, Díaz-Barriga F, Zar HJ, King M, Ha EH, Asante KA, et al. 2016. Health consequences of environmental exposures: changing global patterns of exposure and disease. Ann Glob Health. 82(1):10–19. doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2016.01.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long DT, Pearson AL, Voice TC, Polanco-Rodríguez AG, Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Xagoraraki I, Concha-Valdez FG, Puc-Franco M, Lopez-Cetz R, Rzotkiewicz AT. 2018. Influence of rainy season and land use on drinking water quality in a karst landscape, State of Yucatán, Mexico. Appl Geochem. 98:265–277. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.09.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenzo-Flores A, Giácoman Vallejos G, Ponce Caballero MC, Ghoveisi H. 2017. Adsorption of organophosphorus pesticides in tropical soils. The case of karst landscape or northwestern Yucatan. Chemosphere. 166:292–299. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnusson B, Örnemark U 2014. Eurachem Guide: the fitness for purpose of analytical methods – a Laboratory guide to method validation and related topics [Internet]. [Accessed 2018 Sep 24]. www.eurachem.org
   Google Scholar
• McMahon NF, Hardin BM. 1998. Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM). Washington DC (WA): Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
   Google Scholar
• Mora L, Bonifaz R, López-Martínez R. 2016. Unidades geomorfológicas de la cuenca del Río Grande de Comitán, Lagos de Montebello, Chiapas-México. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 68(3):377‒394. doi:10.18268/BSGM2016v68n3a1.
   Google Scholar
• Muñoz-Quezada MT, Lucero B, Iglesias V, Muñoz MP. 2014. Vías de exposición a plaguicidas en escolares de la Provincia de Talca. Gaceta Sanitaria. 28(3):190–195. doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.01.003.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ogbeide O, Tongo I, Ezemonye L. 2015. Risk assesment of agricultural pesticides in water, sediment, and fish from Owan River, Edo State, Nigeria. Environ Monit Assess. 187(10):1–16. doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4840-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oksanen J, Guillaume Blanchet F, Friendly M, Kindt R, Legendre P, McGlinn D, Minchin PR, O’Hara RB, Simpson GL, Solymos P, et al. 2019. Vegan: community Ecology Package. R package version 2.4-2 [Internet]. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan
   Google Scholar
• [PAN] Pesticide Action Network International. 2021. PAN international list of highly hazardous pesticides [Internet]. [Accessed 2019 Nov 13]. http://pan-international.org/wp-content/uploads/PAN_HHP_List.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Pawelczyk A. 2013. Assessment or health risk associated with persistent organic pollutants in water. Environ Monit Assess. 185(1):497–508. doi:10.1007/s10661-012-2570-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Herrera N, Polanco-Minaya H, Salazar-Arredondo E, Solís-Heredia MJ, Hernández-Ochoa I, Rojas-García E, Alvarado-Mejía J, Borja-Aburto VH, Quintanilla-Vega B. 2008. PON1Q192R genetic polymorphism modifies organophosphorous pesticide effects on semen quality and DNA integrity in agricultural workers from southern México. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 230(2):261–268. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.02.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-Herrera N, Vera-Avilés M, Castillo-Burguete T, Perera-Rios J, Esperón-Hernández R, Rojas-García AE, Medina-Díaz Q-VB. 2018. Pesticide exposure index: practices among women from an agricultural community in southeast Mexico. Rev Int Contam Ambie. 34(esp02):57–68. (Especial sobre Contaminación y Toxicología por Plaguicidas II). doi:10.20937/RICA.2018.34.esp02.05.
   Google Scholar
• Perry E, Velazquez-Oliman G, Marin L. 2002. The hydrogeochemistry of the karst aquifer system of the northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Int Geol Rev. 44(3):191–221. doi:10.2747/0020-6814.44.3.191.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pike RG, Redding TE, Moore RD, Winkler RD, Bladon KD 2010. Compendium of Forest Hydrology and Geomorphology in British Columbia. Victoria: b.C. Ministry of Forests and Range Forest Science Program; Kamloops: FORREX Forum for Research and Extension in Natural Resources [Internet]. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/lmh/Lmh66.htm
   Google Scholar
• Polanco Rodríguez AG, Navarro Alberto JA, Solorio Sánchez J, Mena Rejón GJ, Marrufo Gómez J, Del Valls Casillas TA. 2015. Contamination by organochlorine pesticides in the aquifer of the Ring of cenotes in Yucatán, México. Water Environ J. 29(1):140–150. doi:10.1111/wej.12080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polanco Rodríguez AG, Riba López IM, Del Valls Casillas TA, Araujo León JA, Mahjoub O, Prust AK. 2017a. Monitoring of organochlorine pesticides in blood of women with uterine cervix cancer. Environ Pollut. 220:853–862. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polanco Rodríguez AG, Riba López MI, Del Valls Casillas TA, Araujo León JA, Kumar Prusty BA, Álvarez Cervera FJ. 2017b. Levels of persistent organic pollutants in breast milk of Maya women in Yucatan, Mexico. Environ Monit Assess. 189(2):59. doi:10.1007/s10661-017-5768-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polanco Rodríguez AG, Riba López MI, Del Valls-Casillas TA, Araujo León JA, Datta-Banik S. 2018. Impact of pesticides in karst groundwater. Review of recent trends in Yucatan, Mexico. Groundw Sustain Dev. 7:20–29. doi:10.1016/j.gsd.2018.02.003
   Google Scholar
• Polanco‑Rodríguez AG, Arcega‑Cabrera F, Araujo‑León JA, Lamas‑Cosío E. 2020. Organochlorine Pesticides and Potentially Toxic Elements in Groundwater from a Protected Reserve in the Maya Region of Hopelchen, Mexico. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 104(5):568–574. doi:10.1007/s00128-020-02848-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pronczuk J, Bruné M-N GF. 2011. Children’s environmental health in developing countries. In: nriagu JO, Encyclopedia of Environmental Health. Burlington (BTV): Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Ramírez-Hernández H, Perera-Rios JH, May-Euán F, Uicab-Pool G, Peniche-Lara G, Pérez-Herrera N. 2018. Environmental Risks and Children’s Health in a Mayan Community from Southeast of Mexico. Ann Glob Health. 84(2):292–299. doi:10.29024/aogh.917.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rendón-von Osten J. 2016. Contaminación de cenotes con plaguicidas en la Península de Yucatán. Informe Final. Campeche, México: Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche-Greenpeace; p. 13. Informe.
   Google Scholar
• Venables WN, Ripley BD. 2002. Modern Applied Statistics with S. New York (NY): Springer.
   Google Scholar
• [WHO] World Health Organization. 1997. Guidelines for predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised) global environmental programme (GEMS/Food) in collaboration with Codex Committee on pesticide residues. Programme of Food Safety and Food Aid. 144. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/63787/WHO_FSF_FOS_97.7.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
   Google Scholar
• [WHO] World Health Organization. 2009. The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard and Guidelines to Classification [Internet]. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44271/1/9789241547963_eng.pdf27/08/017
   Google Scholar
• [WHO] World Health Organization. 2011‎. Guidelines for drinking-water quality [Internet]. [Accessed 2021 Jun 7]. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44584
   Google Scholar
• [WHO] World Health Organization. 2017. Pesticide residues in food [Internet]. [Accesssed 2021 Jun 7]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/pesticide-residues-in-food
   Google Scholar
• Wesseling C, Corriols M, Bravo V. 2005. Acute pesticide poisoning and pesticide registration in Central America. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 207(2 suppl):697–705. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.03.033.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Witczak A, Hassan A. 2014. Assessment of health risk from organochlorine pesticides residues in high-fat spreadable foods produced in Poland. J Environ Sci Health Part B. 49(12):917–928. doi:10.1080/03601234.2014.951574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu B, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Cheng S. 2010. Health Risk from Exposure of Organic Pollutants Through Drinking water Consumption in Nanjing, China. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 84:46–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-009-9900-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar