Change in screen time of preschool children according to parental attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic with an online survey

References

• Aydoğdu F, Dilekmen M. 2016. Ebeveyn tutumlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından değerlendirilmesi. Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi.11(2). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/befdergi/issue/28762/307860
   Google Scholar
• Başaran M, Aksoy A. 2020. Parents’ views on the family lives in the Corona-Virus (Covıd-19) outbreak process. J Int Soc Res. 13(71):667–678.
   Google Scholar
• Bjelland M, Soenens B, Bere E, Kovács É, Lien N, Maes L, Manios Y, Moschonis G, Te Velde SJ. 2015. Associations between parental rules, style of communication and children’s screen time. BMC Public Health. 15(1):1002. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2337-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Çakırlı N. 2017. Anne-Babaların Çocuk Yetiştirme Tutumları ile 5-6 Yaş Aralığındaki Çocukların Özgüven Düzeyinin İncelenmesi [ Master]. Gazimağusa, Kuzey Kıbrıs: Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Education.
   Google Scholar
• Cardy R E, Dupuis A, Anagnostou E, Ziolkowski J, Biddiss E A, Monga S, Brian J, Penner M and Kushki A. (2021). Characterizing Changes in Screen Time During the COVID-19 Pandemic School Closures in Canada and Its Perceived Impact on Children With Autism Spectrum DisorderData_Sheet_1.docx. Front. Psychiatry, 12 doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.70277410.3389/fpsyt.2021.702774.s001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çaylan N, Yalçın SS, Erat-Nergiz M, Yıldız, D, Oflu, A, Tezol, Ö, Çiçek, Ş, Foto-Özdemir, D. 2021. Associations between parenting styles and excessive screen usage in preschool children. Turkish Arch Pediatr. 56(3):261–266. doi:10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.43765.
   Google Scholar
• Demir EK, Şendil G. 2008. Ebeveyn tutum ölçeği (ETÖ). Türk Psikoloji Yazıları. 11(21):15–25.
   Google Scholar
• Detnakarintra K, Trairatvorakul P, Pruksananonda C, Chonchaiya W. 2020. Positive mother-child interactions and parenting styles were associated with lower screen time in early childhood. Acta Paediatr. 109(4):817–826. doi:10.1111/apa.15007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domingues-Montanari S. 2017. Clinical and psychological effects of excessive screen time on children. J Paediatr Child Health. 53(4):333–338. doi:10.1111/jpc.13462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egan S M, Pope J, Moloney M, Hoyne C and Beatty C. (2021). Missing Early Education and Care During the Pandemic: The Socio-Emotional Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on Young Children. Early Childhood Educ J., 49(5), 925–934. doi: 10.1007/s10643-021-01193-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill D, Ameenuddin N, Reid Chassiakos Y, Cross C, Hutchinson J, Levine A, Boyd R, Mendelson R, Moreno M, Swanson WS, et al. 2016. Council on communications and media. Media and young minds. Pediatrics. 138(5):e20162591. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-2591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiao WY, Wang LN, Liu J, Fang SF, Jiao FY, Pettoello-Mantovani M, Somekh E. 2020. Behavioral and emotional disorders in children during the COVID-19 epidemic. J Pediatr. 221(264):e261. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.013.
   Google Scholar
• Kağıtçıbaşı Ç. 1990. İnsan-Aile-Kültür. (Human-family culture). İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
   Google Scholar
• Karaçanta H. 2009. Anne babanın çocuğa uyguladığı ceza ile çocuğun anne babaya karşı sevgisi arasindaki ilişki. Gazi Üniversitesi Endüstriyel Sanatlar Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 25:41–49.
   Google Scholar
• Maccoby EE, Martin J. 1983. Socialization in the context of the family: parent child interaction. Mussen, PH, Hetherington, EM. In: Hand book of child psychology: socialization, personality, and social development. New York: Wiley. pp. 1–101.
   Google Scholar
• Madigan S, Eirich R, Pador P, McArthur B Anne and Neville R D. (2022). Assessment of Changes in Child and Adolescent Screen Time During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Pediatr, 176(12), 1188 doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.4116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller PH. 1983. Theories of developmental psychology. New York: W. H.: Freeman and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Monteiro R, Rocha NB, Fernandes S. 2021. Are emotional and behavioral problems of infants and children aged younger than 7 years related to screen time exposure during the coronavirus disease 2019 confinement? An exploratory study in Portugal. Front Psychol. 12:590279. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.590279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oflu A, Bükülmez A, Elmas E, Tahta EG, Çeleğen M. 2021. Comparison of screen time and digital gaming habits of Turkish children before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Turkish Archives of Pediatrics. 56(1):22–26. doi:10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.41017.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oflu A, Tezol O, Yalcin S, Yıldız D, Çaylan N, Foto Özdemir D, Çiçek Ş, Erat Nergiz M. 2021. Excessive screen time is associated with emotional lability in preschool children. Arch Argent Pediatr. 119(2):106–113. doi:10.5546/aap.2021.eng.106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozturk Eyimaya A, Yalcin Irmak A. 2021. Relationship between parenting practices and children’s screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. J Pediatr Nurs. 56:24–29. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2020.10.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TC İçişleri Bakanlığı. [2020 accessed20 may 2021]. https://www.icisleri.gov.tr/81-il-valiligine-koronavirus-tedbirleri-konulu-ek-genelge-gonderildi
   Google Scholar
• Tezol O, Yıldız D, Yalçın S, Oflu A, Nergiz ME, Çaylan N, Çiçek S, Özdemir DF. 2022. Excessive screen time and lower psychosocial well-being among preschool children. Arch Pediatr. 29(1):61–66. doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2021.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veldhuis L, van Grieken A, Renders CM, HiraSing RA, Raat H. 2014. Parenting style, the home environment, and screen time of 5-year-old children; the ‘be active, eat right’ study. PLoS One. 9(2):e88486. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalçin SS, Tezol Ö, Çaylan N, Erat Nergiz M, Yildiz D, Çiçek Ş, Oflu A. 2021. Evaluation of problematic screen exposure in pre-schoolers using a unique tool called “seven-in-seven screen exposure questionnaire”: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr. 21(1):472. doi:10.1186/s12887-021-02939-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalçın S, Yıldız D, Oflu A, Tezol Ö, Nergiz ME, Ceylan Ş, Çaylan ND, Yurdakök K. 2018. Multi-centered investigation of pre-school children’s screen time and digital game playing habits. Proceedings of the International Child and Information Safety Congress ‘Digital Games’; Ankara.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao J, Zhang Y, Jiang F, Ip P, Ho FK, Zhang Y, Huang H. 2018. Excessive screen time and psychosocial well-being: the mediating role of body mass index, sleep duration, and parent-child interaction. J Pediatr. 202:157–162 e151. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.06.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar