100
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Microbiological quality of water vending machines

Pages 197-206 | Published online: 21 Jul 2010

  • Association of Official Analytical Chemists . 1984 . The Official Methods of Analysis, , 14th edn.
  • APHA, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environmental Federation . 1992 . Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, , 18th edn , Washington, DC : American Public Health Association .
  • Bitton , G. 1994 . “ Microbiological aspects of drinking water treatment and distribution ” . In Wastewater Microbiology , 261 – 92 . New York, NY : Wiley-Liss .
  • Brown , L.M. and Gautheir , J.J. 1993 . Testing of home use carbon filters . J. Am. Water Works Assoc. , 71 : 577 – 9 .
  • Buck , A.C. and Cooke , E.M. 1969 . The fate of ingested Pseudomonas aeruginosa in normal persons . J. Med. Microbiol. , 2 : 521 – 5 .
  • Burgess , N.R.H. , McDermott , S.N. and Whiting , J. 1973 . Laboratory transmission of enterobacteriaceae by the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis . J. Hygiene , 71 : 9 – 14 .
  • Edberg , S.C. , Gallo , P. and Kontnick , C. 1996 . Analysis of the virulence characteristics of bacteria isolated from bottled water, and tap water . Microbial Ecol. Hlth Dis. , 9 : 67 – 77 .
  • Favero , M.S. , Carson , L.A. , Bond , W.W. and Petersen , NJ. 1971 . Pseudomonas aeruginosa: growth in distilled water from hospitals . Science , 173 : 836 – 8 .
  • Fotedar , R. , Banerjee , U. and Shriniwas , J.C. 1993 . Vector potential of the German cockroach in dissemination of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . J. Hospital Infection , 23 : 55 – 9 .
  • Geldreich , E.E. 1996 . Drinking water microbiology-new directions toward water quality enhancement . Int. J. Food Microbiol. , 9 : 295 – 312 .
  • Geldreich , E.E. 1996 . “ Creating microbial quality in drinking water ” . In Microbial Quality of Water Supply in Distribution Systems , 80 – 90 . Boca Raton, FL : CRC Inc . Chapter 2,
  • Gelt , J. 1996 . Consumers increasingly use bottled water, home water system, water vending machines to avoid direct tap water . Arroyo , 9 : 1 – 12 .
  • Hoadley , A.W. 1977 . “ Potential health hazards associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ” . In American Society for Testing and Materials Edited by: Hoadley , A.W. and Dutka , B.J. 80 – 114 .
  • Hunter , P.R. 1992 . Bacteriological, hygienic, and public health aspects of food and drink from vending machines . Crit. Rev. Environ. Control , 22 : 151 – 67 .
  • Hunter , P.R. 1994 . The microbiology of drinks' vending machines . Microbiol. Eur. , 2 : 8 – 10 .
  • Hunter , PR. and Burge , S.H. 1986 . Bacteriological quality of drinks from vending machines . J. Hyg. Comb. , 97 : 497 – 500 .
  • Khalil , K. , Lindblom , G.B. , Mazhae , K. and Kaijser , B. 1994 . Flies and water as reservoirs for bacterial enteropathogens in urban and rural areas in and around Lahore, Pakistan . Epidemiol. Infect. , 133 : 435 – 44 .
  • Kneller , P.B. , Jayasawal , R.K. and Eils , L.M. 1990 . Sanitation control for cold cup soft drink vending machines . Diary Food Environ. Sanitation , 10 : 449
  • Levesque , B. , Simard , P , Gauvin , D. , Gringas , S. , Dewally , E. and Letarte , R. 1994 . Comparison of the microbiological quality of the water coolers and that of municipal water systems . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 60 : 1174 – 8 .
  • Lynkins , B.W. , Clark , R.M. and Goodrich , J.A. 1992 . Point-Of-Use/Point-Of-Entry for Drinking Water Treatment , Chelsea, MI : Lewis .
  • Mack , W.N. 1977 . “ Total coliform bacteria ” . In Bacterial indicators/health hazards associated with water. American Society for Testing and Materials Edited by: Hoadley , A. W. and Dutka , B.J. 59 – 64 .
  • McFeters , G.A. 1990 . “ Microbiology of drinking water distribution ” . In Drinking Water Microbiology, Chapter 3 , 40 – 45 . New York, NY : Springer Verlag Inc .
  • Murray , PR. , Baron , E.J. , Pfaller , M.A. , Tenover , F.C. and Yolken , R.H. 1995 . “ Pseudomonas and Burkhordelia ” . In Manual of Clinical Microbiology, , 6th edn , 510 – 1 . Washington, DC : ASM Press .
  • Payment , P , Franco , E. , Richardson , L and Siemiatycki , J. 1991 . Gastrointestinal health effects associated with the consumption of drinking water produced by point-of-use domestic reverse osmosis filtration units . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , 57 : 945 – 8 .
  • Pollack , M. 1990 . “ Pseudomonas aeruginosa ” . In Principles and practice of infectious diseases , Edited by: Mandell , G.H. , Douglas , R.G. Jr. and Bennett , J.E. 1673 – 87 . New York : Livingstone .
  • Rusin , P.A. , Rose , J.B. , Haas , C.H. and Gerba , C.P. 1997 . Risk assessment of opportunistic bacterial pathogens in drinking water . Rev. Environ. Contain. Toxicol. , 152 : 57 – 83 .
  • Shooter , R.A. , Cooke , E.M. , Gaya , H. , Kumar , R , Patel , M.T. , Thorn , B.T. and France , D.R. 1969 . Food and medicaments as possible sources of hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Lancet , 1 : 1221 – 9 .
  • STAT . 1992 . Statistics Software for Today's Students. Release 1.1 , Minitab Inc. .
  • Tamagini , L.M. and Gonzalez , R.D. 1997 . Bacteriological stability and growth kinetics of P. aeruginosa in bottled water . J. Appl. Microbiol. , 83 : 91 – 4 .
  • Taylor , R.H. , Alien , M.J. and Geldreich , E.E. 1979 . Testing home use carbon filters . J. Am. Water Works Assoc. , 71 : 577 – 9 .
  • Wallis , C. , Stagg , H. and Melnick , J.L. 1974 . The hazards of incorporating charcoal filters into domestic water systems . Water Res. , 8 : 111 – 3 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.