Pakistan's agricultural exports, determinants and its potential: an application of stochastic frontier gravity model

References

• Ahsan, M.R., and S.N. Chu. 2014. “The Potential and Constraints of the Exports of Environmental Goods: The Case of Bangladesh.” Working Paper No. 05. Australia South Asia Research Centre, Australian National University.
   Google Scholar
• Aigner, D., C.A.K. Lovell, and P. Schmidt. 1977. “Formulation and Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Function Models.” Journal of Econometrics 6: 21–37.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. 1979. “A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation.” The American Economic Review 69 (1): 106–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J.E., and E.V. Wincoop. 2003. “Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle.” The American Economic Review 93 (1): 170–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baier, S., and J. Bergstrand. 2009. “Bonus Vetus OLS: A Simple Method for Approximating International Trade-Cost Effects Using the Gravity Equation.” Journal of International Economics 77 (1): 77–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barro, R.J. 1991. “Economic Growth in a Cross-Section of Countries.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (2): 407–443.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bashir, Z. 2003. “The Impact of Economic Reforms and Trade Liberalization on Agriculture Export Performance in Pakistan.” Pakistan Development Review 42 (4): 941–960.
   Google Scholar
• Battese, G.E., and T.J. Coelli. 1988. “Production of Firm Level Efficiencies: With a Generalized Frontier Production Function and Panel Data.” Journal of Econometrics 38: 387–399.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergstrand, J. 1989. “The Generalized Gravity Equation, Monopolistic Competition, and Factor Proportions Theory in International Trade.” Review of Economics and Statistics 73 (1): 143–153.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenery, H.B., and A.M. Strout. 1966. “Foreign Assistance and Economic Development.” The American Economic Review 56 (4): 679–733.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deardorff, A.V. 1995. “Determinants of Bilateral Trade: Does Gravity Work in a Neoclassical World?” Working Papers no. 5377. National Bureau of Economic Research, University of Chicago press.
   Google Scholar
• Egger, P., and D. Nelson. 2011. “How Bad Is Antidumping? Evidence from Panel Data.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 93 (4): 1374–1390.
   Google Scholar
• Erdal, G., H. Erdal, and K. Esengün. 2012. “The Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility on Trade: Evidence from Turkish Agricultural Trade.” Applied Economics Letters 19 (3): 297–303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdem, E., and S. Nazlioglu. 2008. “Gravity Model of Turkish Agricultural Exports to the European Union.” Working Paper # 21. International Trade and Finance Association, The Berkeley Electronic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ferro, E., T. Otsuk, and J.S. Wilson. 2015. “The Effect of Product Standards on Agricultural Exports.” Food Policy 50: 68–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frankel, J. 1992. “Is Japan Creating a Yen Block in East Asia and Pacific?” Working Papers, No 4050. National Bureau of Economic Research, University of Chicago press.
   Google Scholar
• Frankel, J., and D. Romer. 1999. “Does Trade Cause Growth?” The American Economic Review 89 (3): 379–399.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghazalian, P.L. 2012. “Home Bias in Primary Agricultural and Processed Food Trade: Assessing the Effects of National Degree of Uncertainty Aversion.” Journal of Agriculture Economics 63 (2): 265–290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghazalian, P.L., L.D. Tamini, B. Larue, and J.P. Gervais. 2012. “A Gravity Model to Account for Vertical Linkages Between Markets with an Application to the Cattle/Beef Sector.” Journal of International Trade and Economic Development 21 (4): 579–601.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gul, N., and H.M. Yasin. 2011. “The Trade Potential of Pakistan: An Application of the Gravity Model.” The Lahore Journal of Economics 16 (1): 23–62.
   Google Scholar
• Head, K., and T. Mayer. 2000. “Non-Europe: The Magnitude and Causes of Market Fragmentation in the EU.” Review of World Economics 136 (2): 284–314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helpman, E., and P. Krugman. 1985. Market Structure and Foreign Trade. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jambor, A., and A. Torok. 2013. “Intra-Industry Agri-Food Trade of the Baltic Countries.” paper presented at the 87th Annual Conference of the Agricultural Economics Society. University of Warwick, UK, April 8–10.
   Google Scholar
• Kalirajan, K. 2007. “Regional Cooperation and Bilateral Trade Flows: An Empirical Measurement of Resistance.” The International Trade Journal 21 (2): 85–107.
   Google Scholar
• Karemera, D., W.I. Smith, K. Ojah, and J.A. Cole. 1999. “A Gravity Model Analysis of the Benefits of Economic Integration in the Pacific Rim.” Journal of Economic Integration 14 (3): 347–367.
   Google Scholar
• Krueger, A. 1980. “Trade Policy as an Input to Development.” The American Economic Review 70 (2): 288–292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnemann, H. 1966. An Econometric Study of International Trade Flows. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
   Google Scholar
• Malik, N. 2010. “Pakistan Agricultural Export Performance in the Light of Trade Liberalization and Economic Reforms.” World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 6 (1): 29–38.
   Google Scholar
• Mesike, C.S., D.Y. Giroh, and O.E.D. Owie. 2008. “Analyzing the Effect of Trade Liberalization Policy on Nigerian Rubber Industry.” Journal of Agriculture and Social Sciences 4: 132–134.
   Google Scholar
• Natale, F., A. Borrello, and A. Motova. 2015. “Analysis of the Determinants of International Seafood Trade Using a Gravity Model.” Marine Policy 60: 89–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, B. 2010. “The Determinants of Vietnamese Export Flow: Static and Dynamic Panel Gravity Approach.” International Journal of Economics and Finance 2 (4): 122–129.
   Google Scholar
• Raimondi, V., and A. Olper. 2008. “Explaining National Border Effects in the QUAD Food Trade.” Journal of Agricultural Economics 59 (3): 436–462.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravishankar, G., and M. Stack. 2014. “The Gravity Model and Trade Efficiency: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Eastern European Countries’ Potential Trade.” The World Economy 37 (5): 690–704.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sevela, M. 2002. “Gravity-Type Model of Czech Agricultural Export.” Agricultural Economics 48: 463–466.
   Google Scholar
• Shangquan, G. 2000. “Economic Globalization: Trends, Risks and Risk Prevention.” Background Paper No 1. Department of Economics and Social affairs, United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• Tinbergen, J. 1966. “Shaping the World Economy: Suggestions for an International Economic Policy.” Economic Journal 76 (301): 92–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vu, H.T., and H.Q. Doan. 2013. “Vietnamese Rice Exports: Do Large Destination Markets Stimulate?” Paper no. 63891. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, University of Munich.
   Google Scholar
• Wall, H.J. 1999. “Using the Gravity model to Estimate the Costs of Protection.” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, pp. 33–40.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, J.S., T. Otsuki, and B. Majumdar. 2003. “Balancing Food Safety and Risk: Do Drug Residue Limits Effect of International Trade in Beef.” Journal of International Trade and Economic Development 12 (4): 377–402.
   Google Scholar
• Yeboah, A., S. Shaik, S. Wozniak, and A.J. Allen. 2008. “Increased Cocoa Bean Exports under Trade Liberalization: A Gravity Model Approach.” Paper presented at the annual meeting Southern Agricultural Economics Association, Dallas, February 2–6.
   Google Scholar