830
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Brain drain or brain gain? International labor mobility and human capital formation

ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon
Pages 647-671 | Received 28 Aug 2020, Accepted 05 Nov 2021, Published online: 28 Nov 2021

References

  • Batista, C., A. Lacuesta, and P. Vicente. 2012. “Testing the `Brain Gain’ Hypothesis: Micro Evidence from Cape Verde.” Journal of Development Economics 97 (1): 32–45.
  • Beine, M., F. Docquier, and H. Rapoport. 2001. “Brain Drain and Economic Growth: Theory and Evidence.” Journal of Development Economics 64 (1): 275–289.
  • Beine, M., F. Docquier, and H. Rapoport. 2008. “Brain Drain and Human Capital Formation in Developing Countries: Winners and Losers.” The Economic Journal 118 (528): 631–652.
  • Ben-Porath, Y. 1967. “The Production of Human Capital and the Life Cycle of Earnings.” Journal of Political Economy 75 (4): 352–365.
  • Bhagwati, J. N. 1972. “The United States in the Nixon Era: The End of Innocence.” Dæ Dalus 101 (4): 25–47.
  • Bhagwati, J., and K. Hamada. 1974. “The Brain Drain International Integration of Markets for Professionals and Unemployment: A Theoretical Analysis.” Journal of Development Economics 1 (1): 19–24.
  • Bhagwati, J. N., and C. Rodriguez. 1975. “Welfare-Theoretical Analyses of the Brain Drain.” Journal of Development Economics 2 (3): 195–221.
  • Borjas, G., J. Grogger, and G. H. Hanson. 2008. “Imperfect Substitution between Immigrant and Natives: A Reappraisal”. NBER Working Paper 13887.
  • Canova, F., and M. O. Ravn. 2000. “The Macroeconomic Effects of German Unification: Real Adjustments and the Welfare State.” Review of Economic Dynamics 3 (3): 423–460.
  • Caselli, F. 2005. “Accounting for Cross-Country Income Differences Handbook of Economic Growth.” In Handbook of Economic Growth, edited by Philippe Aghion and Steven Durlauf, 1st ed.,Vol. 1, Chap. 9, 679–741. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Chen, H. J. 2006. “International Migration and Economic Growth: A Source Country Perspective.” Journal of Population Economics 19 (4): 725–748.
  • de Brauw, A., and J. Giles. 2017. “Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China.” Journal of Human Resources 52 (1): 272–311.
  • DeJong, D., and B. Ingram. 2001. “The Cyclical Behavior of Skill Acquisition.” Review of Economic Dynamics 4 (3): 536–561.
  • Dellas, H., and P. Sakellaris. 2003. “On the Cyclicality of Schooling: Theory and Evidence.” Oxford Economic Papers 55 (1): 148–172.
  • Dinkelman, T., and M. Mariotti. 2016. “The Long-run Effects of Labor Migration on Human Capital Formation in Communities of Origin.” American Economic Journal 8 (4): 1–35.
  • Djajic, S. 1989. “Skills and the Pattern of Migration: The Role of Qualitative and Quantitative Restrictions on International Labor Mobility.” International Economic Review 30 (4): 795–809.
  • Docquier, F., and H. Rapoport. 2007. “Skilled Migration: The Perspective of Developing Countries”. IZA Discussion paper, n. 2873.
  • Dustmann, C., I. Faldon, and Y. Weiss. 2011. “Return Migration, Human Capital Accumulation and the Brain Drain.” Journal of Development Economics 95 (1): 58–67.
  • Galor, O., and D. Tsiddon. 1997. “Technological Progress, Mobility, and Economic Growth.” American Economic Review 87 (3): 363–382.
  • Gibson, J., and D. McKenzie. 2011. “The Microeconomic Determinants of Emigration and Return Migration of the Best and Brightest: Evidence from the Pacific.” Journal of Development Economics 95 (1): 18–29.
  • Grubel, H. B., and A. D. Scott. 1966. “The International Flow of Human Capital.” American Economic Review 56 (1/2): 268–274.
  • Guvenen, F., and B. Kuruscu. 2006. “Understanding Wage Inequality: Ben-Porath Meets Skill-biased Technological Change”. Working Paper.
  • Haley, W. H. 1976. “Estimation of the Earnings Profile from Optimal Human Capital Accumulation.” Econometrica 44 (6): 1223–1238.
  • Hall, R. E., and C. Jones. 1999. “Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output per Worker than Others?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 114 (1): 83–116.
  • Haque, N. U., and S. J. Kim. 1995. “Human Capital Flight: Impact of Migration on Income and Growth.” IMF Staff Papers 42 (3): 577–607.
  • Hauser, D. 2014. “Technology Shocks, Labour Mobility and Aggregate Fluctuations.” Bank of Canada Working Paper. n. 2014-4.
  • Johnson, H. 1967. “Some Economic Aspects of the Brain Drain.” The Pakistan Development Review 7 (3): 379–411.
  • Klein, P., and G. Ventura. 2009. “Productivity Differences and the Dynamic Effects of Labor Movements.” Journal of Monetary Economics 56 (8): 1059–1073.
  • Klenow, P., and A. Rodriguez-Clare. 1997. “The Neoclassical Revival in Growth Economics: Has It Gone Too Far?”. NBER Macroeconomics 12: 73-103.
  • Kwok, V., and H. Leland. 1982. “An Economic Model of the Brain Drain.” American Economic Review 71 (1): 91–100.
  • Lucas, R. E. 1988. “On the Mechanisms of Economic Development.” Journal of Monetary Economics 22 (1): 3–42.
  • Mandelman, F. S., and A. Zlate. 2012. “Immigration, Remittances and Business Cycles.” Journal of Monetary Economics 59 (2): 196–213.
  • McKenzie, D., and H. Papoport. 2011. “Can Migration Reduce Educational Attainment? Evidence from Mexico.” Journal of Population Economics 24 (4): 1331–1358.
  • Miyagiwa, K. 1991. “Scale Economies in Education and the Brain Drain Problem.” International Economic Review 32 (3): 743–759.
  • Mountford, A. 1997. “Can a Brain Drain be Good for Growth in the Source Economy?” Journal of Development Economics 53 (2): 287–303.
  • OECD. 2018. International Migration Outlook 2018. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Ottaviano, G. I. P., and G. Peri. 2012. “Rethinking the Effect of Immigration on Wages.” Journal of the European Economic Association 10 (1): 152–197.
  • Shrestha, S. A. 2015. “No Man Left Behind: Effects of Emigration Prospects on Educational and Labour Outcomes of Non-Migrants.” The Economic Journal 127 (600): 495–521.
  • Stark, O., C. Helmenstein, and A. Prsawetz. 1997. “A Brain Gain with a Brain Drain.” Economics Letters 55 (2): 227–234.
  • Stark, O., C. Helmenstein, and A. Prsawetz. 1998. “Human Capital Depletion, Human Capital Formation, and Migration: A Blessing or a “Curse"?.” Economics Letters 60 (3): 363–367.
  • Stark, O., and Y. Wang. 2002. “Inducing Human Capital Formation: Migration as a Substitute for Subsidies.” Journal of Public Economics 86 (1): 29–46.
  • Stokey, N. L. 1996. “Free Trade, Factor Returns, and Factor Accumulation.” Journal of Economic Growth 1: 421–447.
  • Theoharides, C. 2018. “Manila to Malaysia, Quezon to Qatar. International Migration and its Effect on Origin-Country Human Capital.” Journal of Human Resources 53 (4): 1022–1049.
  • Trostel, P. A. 1993. “The Effect of Taxation on Human Capital.” Journal of Political Economy 101 (2): 327–350.
  • Uzawa, H. 1965. “Optimum Technical Change in an Aggregate Model of Economic Growth.” International Economic Review 6 (1): 18–31.
  • Vidal, J. P. 1998. “The Effect of Emigration on Human Capital Formation.” Journal of Population Economics 11 (4): 589–600.
  • Wong, K. Y., and C. Yip. 1999. “Education, Economic Growth, and Brain Drain.” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 23 (5-6): 699–726.
  • Yang, D. 2008. “International Migration, Remittances, and Household Investment: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Exchange Rate Shocks.” The Economic Journal 118 (2): 591–630.
  • Yang, D., and H. Choi. 2007. “Are Remittances Insurance? Evidence from Rainfall Shocks in the Phillipines.” The World Bank Economic Review 21 (2): 219–248.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.