- Arieti, S. (1974). Interpretations of 'Schizophrenia (2nd edn.). New York: Basic Books.
- Bellack, A.S. (1992). Cognitive rehabilitationfor schizophrenia: Is it possible? Is it necessary? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 18, 43-49.
- Birchwood, M., Mason, R., MacMillan, F. & Healy, J. (1993). Depression, demoralisation and control over psychotic illness: A comparison of depressed and non-depressed patients with a chronic psychosis. Psychological Medicine, 23, 387-395.
- Bowins, B. & Shugar, G. (1998). Delusions and selfesteem. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 43, 154-158.
- Bradshaw, W. & Brekke, J.S. (1999). Subjective experience in schizophrenia: Factors influencing selfesteem, satisfaction with life, and subjective distress. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 69, 254-260.
- Brekke, J.S., Levin, S., Wolkon, G.H., Sobel, E. & Slade, E. (1993). Psychosocial functioning and subjective experience in schizophrenia. Schizoprenia Bulletin, 19, 599-413.
- Brekke, J.S. & Long, J.D. (2000). Community-based psychosocial rehabilitation and prospective change in functional, clinical, and subjective experience variables in scuizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 26, 667-680.
- Brown, W.G., Bifuclo, A., Veiel, H.O. & Andrews B. (1990). Self-esteem and depression: III. Aetiological issues. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 25, 235-243.
- Elliott, G.C. (1986). Self-esteem and self-consistency: A theoretical and empirical link between two primary motivations. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49, 207-218.
- Haas, G.L & Garratt, L.S. (1998). Gender social differences in social functioning. In K.T. Mueser & N, Tarrier (Eds.), Handbook of Social Functioning in Schizophrenia (pp. 149-179). London: Allyn and Bacon.
- Hanson, R.O., Jones, W.H. & Carpenter, B.N. (1984). Relationship competence and social support. In P. Shaver (Ed.), Review of Personality and Social Psychology, Volume 5, (pp. 265-284). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
- Hansson, L., Björkman, T. & Svensson, B. (1995). The assessment of needs in psychiatric patients. Interrater reliability of the Swedish version of the Camberwell Assessment of Needs instrument and results from a cross-sectional study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 92, 285-293.
- Hansson, L., Svensson, B. & Björkman, T. (1998). Quality of life of the mentally ill. Reliability of the Swedish version of the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile. European Psychiatry, 13, 231-234.
- Hansson, L., Middelboe, T., Merinder, L., Bjarnason, O., Bengtson-Tops, A., Nilsson, L., Sandlund, M., Sourander, A., Sorgaard, K.W. & Vinding, H. (1999). Predictors of subjective quality of life in schizophrenic patients living in the community. A Nordic Multicentre Study. International journal of Social Psychiatry, 45, 247-258.
- Harre, R (1983). Personal Being. London: Basil Blackwell.
- Henderson, S., Duncan-Jones, P., Byrne, D.G. & Scott, R. (1980). Measuring social relationships. The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction. Psychological Medicine, 10, 723-734.
- Hobfoll, S.E. & Walfish, S. (1984). Coping with a threat to life: A longitudinal study of self-concept social support, and psychological distress. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 12, 87-100.
- Hobfoll, S.E., Nadler, A. & Leiberman, J. (1986). Satisfaction with social support during crises: Intimacy and self-esteem as critical determinants. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 296-304
- Kaney, S. & Bentall, R.P. (1989). Persecutory delusions and attributional style. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 62, 191-198.
- Kolakowska, T. (1976). The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Oxford: Oxford University.
- Lecomte, T., Cyr, M., Lesage, A.D., Wilde, J., Leclerc, D. & Richard, N. (1999). Efficacy of a self-esteem module in the empowerment of individuals with schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187, 406-413.
- Miller, L.J., O'Connor, E. & DiPasquela, T. (1993). Patient's attitudes toward hallucinations. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 584-588.
- Oliver, J.P.J., Huxley, P., Priebe, S. & Kaiser, W. (1997). Measuring the equality of life of severely mentally ill people using the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 32, 76-83.
- Overall, J.E. & Gorham, D.R (1962). Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychological Reports, 10, 799-812.
- Phelan, M., Slade, M., Thormcroft, G., Dunn, G., Halloway, F., Wykes, T., Strathdee, G., Loftus, L., McCrone, P. & Hayward, P. (1995). The Camberwell Assessment of Need: The validity and reliability of an instrument to assess the needs of people with severe illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 589-595.
- Quellet, R. & Joshi, P. (1986). Loneliness in relation to depression and self-esteem Psychological Reports, 58, 821-822.
- Robey, K., Cohen, B. & Gar a, M. (1989). Self-structure in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 436-442.
- Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Selfimage. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
- Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the Self. New York: Basic Books
- Shamir, B. (1985). Self-esteem and the psychological impactof unemployment. Social Psychology Quarterly, 49, 61-72.
- Smedslund, J. (1988). Psycho-Logic. Berlin, New York, London: Springer Verlag
- Sörgaard, K. W., Hansson, L., Heikkilä, J., Vinding, H. R., Bjarnason, O., Bengtson-Tops, A., Merinder, L., Nilsson, L., Sandlund, M. & Middelboe, T. (2001). Predictors of social relations in persons with schizophrenia. A Nordic multicentre study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36, 13-19.
- Undén, A-L. & Orth-Gomér, K. (1989). Development of a social support instrument for use in population surveys. Social Science & Medicine, 29, 1387-1392.
- Warner, R., Taylor, D., Powers, M. & Hyman J. (1989). Acceptance of the mental illness label by psychotic patients: Effects on functioning. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 59, 398-409.
- World Health Organisation (1993). The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Geneva: WHO.
Self-esteem in persons with schizophrenia. A Nordic multicentre study
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.