Predictors of negative beliefs toward the sexual rights and perceived sexual healthcare needs of people with physical disabilities in South Africa

References

• WHO. Developing sexual health programmes: a framework for action. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. World report on disability. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Giulio G D. Sexuality and people living with physical or developmental disabilities: a review of key issues. Can J Hum Sex. 2003;12:53–68.
   Google Scholar
• Milligan MS, Neufeldt AH. The myth of asexuality: a survey of social and empirical evidence. Sex Disabil. 2001;19:91–109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sex uncovered poll: Education and ethnicity. The Guardian. 2008 Oct 26 [cited 2019 Mar 12]. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/oct/26/observer-sex-poll-20082
   Google Scholar
• Rohleder P, Braathen SH, Carew MT. Disability and sexual health: a critical exploration of key issues. London: Routledge; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Chappell P. Secret languages of sex: disabled youth’s experiences of sexual and HIV communication with their parents/caregivers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Sex Ed. 2016;16:405–417.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt X, Braathen SH, Swartz L, et al. Intimacy, intercourse and adjustments: experiences of sexual life of a group of people with physical disabilities in South Africa. J Health Psychol. 2018;23:289–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peta C, McKenzie J, Kathard H. Voices from the periphery: a narrative study of the experiences of sexuality of disabled women in Zimbabwe. Agenda. 2015;29:66–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peta C, McKenzie J, Kathard H, et al. We are not asexual beings: disabled women in Zimbabwe talk about their active sexuality. Sex Res Soc Policy. 2017;14:410–424.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shuttleworth RP. The search for sexual intimacy for men with cerebral palsy. Sex Disabil. 2000;18:263–282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt X, Carew MT, Braathen SH, et al. The sexual and reproductive rights and benefit derived from sexual and reproductive health services of people with physical disabilities in South Africa: beliefs of non-disabled people. Reprod Health Matters. 2017;25:66–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Standing H, Hawkins K, Mills E, et al. Introduction: contextualising “rights” in sexual and reproductive health. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. 2011;11:S1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batchelor SA, Kitzinger J, Burtney E. Representing young people's sexuality in the 'youth' media. Health Educ Res. 2004;19:669–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson P, Kitchin R. Disability, space and sexuality: access to family planning services. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51:1163–1173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esmail S, Darry K, Walter A, et al. Attitudes and perceptions towards disability and sexuality. Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32:1148–1155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenzie JA, Swartz L. The shaping of sexuality in children with disabilities: a Q methodological study. Sex Disabil. 2011;29:363–376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aunos M, Feldman MA. Attitudes towards sexuality, sterilization and parenting rights of persons with intellectual disabilities. J Appl Res Int Dis. 2002;15:285–296.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuskelly M, Bryde R. Attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with an intellectual disability: parents, support staff, and a community sample. J Intell Dev Disabil. 2004;29:255–264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilmore L, Malcolm L. “Best for everyone concerned” or “Only as a last resort”? Views of Australian doctors about sterilisation of men and women with intellectual disability. J Intell Dev Disabil. 2014;39:177–187.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carew MT, Braathen SH, Swartz L, et al. The sexual lives of people with disabilities within low-and middle-income countries: a scoping study of studies published in English. Glob Health Act. 2017;10:1337342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• East LJ, Orchard TR. Somebody else’s job: experiences of sex education among health professionals, parents and adolescents with physical disabilities in Southwestern Ontario. Sex Disabil. 2014;32:335–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen TTA, Liamputtong P, Monfries M. Reproductive and sexual health of people with physical disabilities: a metasynthesis. Sex Disabil. 2016;34:3–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohleder P, Swartz L. Providing sex education to persons with learning disabilities in the era of HIV/AIDS: tensions between discourses of human rights and restriction. J Health Psychol. 2009;14:601–610.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maart S, Jelsma J. The sexual behaviour of physically disabled adolescents. Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32:438–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mall S, Swartz L. Attitudes toward condom education amongst educators for Deaf and hard-of-hearing adolescents in South Africa. Afr J Prima Health Care Fam Med. 2014;6:1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Mavuso SS, Maharaj P. Access to sexual and reproductive health services: experiences and perspectives of persons with disabilities in Durban, South Africa. Agenda. 2015;29:79–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith E, Murray SF, Yousafzai AK, et al. Barriers to accessing safe motherhood and reproductive health services: the situation of women with disabilities in Lusaka, Zambia. Dis Rehabil. 2004;26:121–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown R. Prejudice: its social psychology. Princeton (NJ): Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Paluck EL. Reducing intergroup prejudice and conflict using the media: a field experiment in Rwanda. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009;96:574–587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowson HM, Brandes JA, Hurst RJ. Who opposes rights for persons with physical and intellectual disabilities? J Appl Soc Psychol. 2013;43:E307–E318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratto F, Sidanius J, Levin S. Social dominance theory and the dynamics of intergroup relations: taking stock and looking forward. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 2006;17:271–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pratto F, Sidanius J, Stallworth LM, et al. Social dominance orientation: a personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994;67:741–763.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandes JA, Crowson HM. Predicting dispositions toward inclusion of students with disabilities: the role of conservative ideology and discomfort with disability. Soc Psychol Educ. 2009;12:271–289.
   Google Scholar
• Kteily NS, Sidanius J, Levin S. Social dominance orientation: cause or ‘mere effect’?: evidence for SDO as a causal predictor of prejudice and discrimination against ethnic and racial outgroups. J Exp Soc Psychol. 2011;47:208–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibley CG, Duckitt J. The ideological legitimation of the status quo: longitudinal tests of a social dominance model. Pol Psychol. 2010;31:109–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibley CG, Wilson MS, Duckitt J. Antecedents of men’s hostile and benevolent sexism: the dual roles of social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007;33:160–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allport GW. The nature of prejudice. Cambridge (MA): Addison-Wesley; 1954.
   Google Scholar
• Hewstone M, Lolliot S, Swart H, et al. Intergroup contact and intergroup conflict. J Peace Psychol. 2014;20:39–53.
   Google Scholar
• Pettigrew TF, Tropp LR. A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2006;90:751–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binder J, Zagefka H, Brown R, et al. Does contact reduce prejudice or does prejudice reduce contact? A longitudinal test of the contact hypothesis among majority and minority groups in three European countries. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009;96:843–856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krahé B, Altwasser C. Changing negative attitudes towards persons with physical disabilities: an experimental intervention. J Community Appl Soc Psychol. 2006;16:59–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Census 2011. Census in brief. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Hanass-Hancock J, Chappell P, Johns R, et al. Breaking the silence through delivering comprehensive sexuality education to learners with disabilities in South Africa: educators experiences. Sex Disabil. 2018;36:105–121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt X, Swartz L, Rohleder P, et al. Strong, kind, but de-gendered: non-disabled South Africans’ stereotypes concerning persons with physical disabilities. Disabil Soc. 2018;26:1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Kahonde CK, McKenzie J, Wilson NJ. Discourse of needs versus discourse of rights: family caregivers responding to the sexuality of young South African adults with intellectual disability. Cult Health Sex. 2019;21:278–292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNAIDS Ending AIDS. Progress towards 90–90–90 targets. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Tun W, Okal J, Schenk K, et al. Limited accessibility to HIV services for persons with disabilities living with HIV in Ghana, Uganda and Zambia. J Int AIDS Soc. 2016;19:20829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loeb M. International census/survey data and the short set of disability questions developed by the Washington group on disability statistics. In: Altman B, editor. International measurement of disability: purpose, method and application – the work of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. Switzerland: Springer; 2016. p. 255–304.
   Google Scholar
• Lolliot S, Fell B, Schmid K, et al. Measures of intergroup contact. In: Boyle G, Saklofske D, Matthews G, editors. Measures of personality and social psychological constructs. London (UK): Academic Press; 2015. p. 652–683.
   Google Scholar
• Ho AK, Sidanius J, Pratto F, et al. Social dominance orientation: revisiting the structure. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2012;38:583–606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marini I, Chan R, Feist A, et al. Student attitudes toward intimacy with persons who are wheelchair users. Rehabil Res Pol Educ. 2011;25:15–26.
   Google Scholar
• Coleman JM, Brunell AB, Haugen IM. Multiple forms of prejudice: how gender and disability stereotypes influence judgments of disabled women and men. Curr Psychol. 2015;34:177–189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayes AF. Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Publications; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Comm Mono. 2009;76:408–420.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J. The world is round (p<. 05). Am Psychol. 1994;49:997–1003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peta C. Deafening silence on a vital issue: the World Health Organization has ignored the sexuality of persons with disabilities. Afr J Disabil. 2018;7:474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dovidio JF, Eller A, Hewstone M. Improving intergroup relations through direct, extended and other forms of indirect contact. Group Process Intergroup Relat. 2011;14:147–160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar