Physiotherapy management of functional movement disorders: the patient perspective

References

• Lehn A, Gelauff J, Hoeritzauer I, et al. Functional neurological disorders: mechanisms and treatment. J Neurol. 2016;263(3):611–620. doi: 10.1007/s00415-015-7893-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Espay AJ, Aybek S, Carson A, et al. Current concepts in diagnosis and treatment of functional neurological disorders. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(9):1132–1141. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett K, Diamond C, Hoeritzauer I, et al. A practical review of functional neurological disorder (FND) for the general physician. Clin Med (Lond). 2021;21(1):28–36. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2020-0987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edwards MJ, Bhatia KP. Functional (psychogenic) movement disorders: merging mind and brain. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(3):250–260. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70310-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gasca-Salas C, Lang AE. Neurologic diagnostic criteria for functional neurologic disorders. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Netherlands: Elsevier, Mara Conner; 2016; p. 193–212.
   Google Scholar
• Gelauff J, Stone J. Prognosis of functional neurologic disorders. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;139:523–541. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801772-2.00043-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edwards M. Functional (psychogenic) gait disorder: diagnosis and management. Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;159:417–423.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacob AE, Kaelin DL, Roach AR, et al. Motor retraining (MoRe) for functional movement disorders: outcomes from a 1-Week multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. Pm R. 2018;10(11):1164–1172. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.05.011.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Demartini B, Batla A, Petrochilos P, et al. Multidisciplinary treatment for functional neurological symptoms: a prospective study. J Neurol. 2014;261(12):2370–2377. doi: 10.1007/s00415-014-7495-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen G, Buszewicz M, Stevenson F, et al. Randomised feasibility study of physiotherapy for patients with functional motor symptoms. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88(6):484–490. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordbru AA, Smedstad LM, Klungsøyr O, et al. Psychogenic gait disorder: a randomized controlled trial of physical rehabilitation with one-year follow-up. J Rehabil Med. 2014;46(2):181–187. doi: 10.2340/16501977-1246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen G, Stone J, Matthews A, et al. Physiotherapy for functional motor disorders: a consensus recommendation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015;86(10):1113–1119. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharpe M, Stone J, Hibberd C, et al. Neurology out-patients with symptoms unexplained by disease: illness beliefs and financial benefits predict 1-year outcome. Psychol Med. 2010;40(4):689–698. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709990717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burbaum C, Stresing AM, Fritzsche K, et al. Medically unexplained symptoms as a threat to patients’ identity? A conversation analysis of patients’ reactions to psychosomatic attributions. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;79(2):207–217. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2009.09.043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter S, Mayor R, Baird W, et al. Understanding patient perceptions following a psycho-educational intervention for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2012;23(4):487–493. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.12.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawlings GH, Brown I, Stone B, et al. Written accounts of living with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a thematic analysis. Seizure. 2017;50:83–91. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.06.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen G, Buszewicz M, Edwards MJ, et al. A qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of patients with functional motor disorder. Disabil Rehabil. 2018;42(14):2043–2048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekhuis E, Gol J, Burton C, et al. Patients’ descriptions of the relation between physical symptoms and negative emotions: a qualitative analysis of primary care consultations. Br J Gen Pract. 2020;70(691):e78–e85. doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X707369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawlings GH, Brown I, Reuber M. Narrative analysis of written accounts about living with epileptic or psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Seizure. 2018;62:59–65. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.09.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahern L, Stone J, Sharpe MC. Attitudes of neuroscience nurses toward patients with conversion symptoms. Psychosomatics. 2009;50(4):336–339. doi: 10.1176/appi.psy.50.4.336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanaan RAA, Ding JM. Who thinks functional neurological symptoms are feigned, and what can we do about it? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017;88(6):533–534. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-315224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dosanjh M, Alty J, Martin C, et al. What is it like to live with a functional movement disorder? An interpretative phenomenological analysis of illness experiences from symptom onset to post-diagnosis. Br J Health Psychol. 2021;26(2):325–342. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bazydlo S, Eccles FJR. Living with functional movement disorders: a tale of three battles. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Psychol Heal. 2022;12:1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Peat G, Rodriguez A, Smith J. Interpretive phenomenological analysis applied to healthcare research. Evid Based Nurs. 2019;22(1):7–9. doi: 10.1136/ebnurs-2018-103017.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cassidy E, Reynolds F, Naylor S, et al. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis to inform physiotherapy practice: an introduction with reference to the lived experience of cerebellar ataxia. Physiother Theory Pract. 2011;27(4):263–277. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2010.488278.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith Flowers, P, Larkin MJ. Interpretative phenomenological analysis: theory, method and research. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications Inc.; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Braun V, Clarke V. Successful qualitative research: a practical guide for beginners. 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Hallett M. Psychogenic movement disorders: a crisis for neurology. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2006;6(4):269–271. doi: 10.1007/s11910-006-0015-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawlings GH, Reuber M. What patients say about living with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a systematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Seizure. 2016;41:100–111. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2016.07.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone J, Hoeritzauer I. How do I explain the diagnosis of functional movement disorder to a patient? Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2019;6(5):419–419. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinke ME, Hjartardóttir TE, Hauksdóttir A, et al. Moving from stigmatization toward competent interdisciplinary care of patients with functional neurological disorders: focus group interviews. Disabil Rehabil. 2021;43(9):1237–1246. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1661037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallett M. Functional movement disorders: is the crisis resolved? Mov Disord. 2019;34(7):971–974. doi: 10.1002/mds.27713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joos A, Leiprecht N, Wiesand K, et al. Integrated inpatient rehabilitation for patients with functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD) – a specific group therapy. J Psychosom Res. 2019;120:102–104. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.03.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehn A, Bullock-Saxton J, Newcombe P, et al. Survey of the perceptions of health practitioners regarding functional neurological disorders in Australia. J Clin Neurosci. 2019;67:114–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardiner P, Macgregor L, Carson A, et al. Occupational therapy for functional neurological disorders: a scoping review and agenda for research. CNS Spectr. 2018;23(3):205–212. doi: 10.1017/S1092852917000797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czarnecki K, Thompson JM, Seime R, et al. Functional movement disorders: successful treatment with a physical therapy rehabilitation protocol. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012;18(3):247–251. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.10.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson C, Edwards MJ, Carson AJ, et al. Occupational therapy consensus recommendations for functional neurological disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020;91(10):1037–1045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker J, Barnett C, Cavalli L, et al. Management of functional communication, swallowing, cough and related disorders: consensus recommendations for speech and language therapy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021;92(10):1112–1125. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-326767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen G, Ricciardi L, Demartini B, et al. Outcomes of a 5-day physiotherapy programme for functional (psychogenic) motor disorders. J Neurol. 2015;262(3):674–681. doi: 10.1007/s00415-014-7631-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aybek S, Lidstone SC, Nielsen G, et al. What is the role of a specialist assessment clinic for FND? Lessons from three national referral centers. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2020;32(1):79–84. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19040083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehn A, Navaratnam D, Broughton M, et al. Functional neurological disorders: effective teaching for health professionals. BMJ Neurol Open. 2020;2(1):e000065. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2020-000065.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar