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Original Articles

France and the New World Order, 1940–1947

Pages 191-202 | Published online: 19 Aug 2010

References

  • WILLIAMS , A. 1998 . Failed Imagination? New World Orders of the Twentieth Century , Manchester University Press .
  • Roosevelt , D. , Kennan , George F. and Acheson , Dean G. , eds. 1994 . American Visions of Europe: Franklin , 77 – 9 . Cambridge University Press . I find convincing the view expressed by John Lamberton Harper that Roosevelt had a 'Jeffersonian' view of Europe, seeing it as having to be 'manipulated from afar' but with minimal direct American involvement;, ch. 1
  • PICQ , J. 1995 . Il faut aimer l'état , Flammarion .
  • LAIDI , Z. 1994 . Un monde privé de sens , Fayard .
  • 1989 . Rethinking France: Plans for Renewal, 1940-1946 , 9 Clarendon Press . Andrew Shennan has written that "The catastrophe of May-June 1940 had laid bare a profound national crisis [which] was perceived to permeate every aspect of French life-economic, social, demographic, political, even ethical';
  • KERSAUDY , F. 1981 . Churchill and de Gaulle , Collins . chs 4 and 5
  • KERSAUDY . Churchill and de Gaulle 155 – 60 . 184
  • DALLEK , R. and Franklin , D. 1979 . Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932-1945 , 376 – 9 . Oxford University Press . For Roosevelt's views on de Gaulle, see
  • MICHEL , H. and MIRKINE-GUETZEVlCH , B. , eds. 1954 . Les Idées politiques et sociales de la Résistance (Documents clandestins 1940-1944) , PUF .
  • SHENNAN . Rethinking France 9 – 11 .
  • SHENNAN . Rethinking France 59 – 63 . The work of this Commission is briefly described inand its projects for social and economic reform are elaborated elsewhere in the same work. Archival material may be found in AN F1A3734
  • Jaurès , Groupe Jean . 1 July 1942 . “ 'Memorandum pour les socialistes en France' ” . 1 July ,
  • For a comprehensive analysis of this debate see SHENNAN, Rethinking France, ch. 9.
  • 1941 . 'Politiques sur les formes des régimes totalitaires' . July-August author unclear; AN F1A3791
  • Commission sociale . 10 September 1942 . “ 'Les questions économiques, financières et sociales d'après guerre' ” . In Report Na 1 10 September , signed L. Jacquemin, AN F1A3734
  • 6 May 1944 . “ 'Réflexions sur les problèmes politiques, économiques at sociaux de l'heure présente' ” . 6 May , author unclear, 'La Résistance-La France et le monde de demain-par un philosophe', no author, no date (probably June 1944), distributed to Maurice Schumann, Waldeck-Rochet et at., AN F1A3791
  • Shennan has a lengthy discussion of the generation of these ideas in Rethinking France, chs 10 and 11, pp. 224-86, with which the present writer has no quarrel, except for Shennan's apparent emphasis on this process beginning only in early 1944. As I have tried to show, it was earlier.
  • Boris , Georges . July 1942 . “ 'Politique américaine-les données fondamentales du problème' ” . July , AN F1A3734
  • SHENNAN . Rethinking France 248 for example Boris to André Philip, 21 September 1943, AN F1A720, 'Projets pour la Libération et après'. Shennan makes this point about Monnet's discussions with the United States in late 194S when he writes that 'Monnet's belief that the Americans would finance reconstruction if it were presented to them in the right light (in the context of ultimate trade liberalization) was tenacious and prescient' ;
  • Comité national d'études de la Résistance, 'Note sur la création d'un Ministère de l'Economie nationale', n.d., probably mid-1944, AN F1A3791.
  • Schumann , Maurice . “ 'Pour une solution coherent du problème allemand' ” . 49 written for the Assemblée consultative provisoire/Commission des Affaires étrangères, Auriol Papers, 3 AU 14 Dr 3
  • 1945 . Declaration by the French Socialist Party at the Conference of European Socialist parties . March 3-5 1945 , London . Auriol Papers, 3 AU 13 Dr 2. For Schumann, see 'Pour une solution cohérente du problème allemand'; Auriol admittedly downplayed these demands later in 1945, but only to ask that an 'Allied Commission of Restitution' take on the task of determining how reparation should be made; Auriol Papers, 3 AU 15 Dr 3
  • Schumann, 'Pour une solution cohérente du problème allemand'.

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