A management perspective to using Public Participation GIS in planning for visitor use in national parks

References

• Barnett, Allain J., Melanie G. Wiber, Michael P. Rooney, and Donna G. Curtis Maillet. 2016. “The Role of Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) and Fishermen's Perceptions of Risk in Marine Debris Mitigation in the Bay of Fundy, Canada.” Ocean and Coastal Management 133: 85–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beeco, J. Adam, and Greg Brown. 2013. “Integrating Space, Spatial Tools, and Spatial Analysis into the Human Dimensions of Parks and Outdoor Recreation.” Applied Geography 38: 76–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birenboim, Amit. 2016. “New Approaches to the Study of Tourist Experiences in Time and Space.” Tourism Geographies 18 (1): 9–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg. 2012. “Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) for Regional and Environmental Planning: Reflections on a Decade of Empirical Research.” Journal of Urban and Regional Information Systems Association 25 (2): 7–18.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg. 2017. “A Review of Sampling Effects and Response Bias in Internet Participatory Mapping (PPGIS/PGIS/VGI).” Transactions in GIS 21 (1): 39–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Nora Fagerholm. 2015. “Empirical PPGIS/PGIS Mapping of Ecosystem Services: A Review and Evaluation.” Ecosystem Services 13: 119–133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Marketta Kyttä. 2014. “Key Issues and Research Priorities for Public Participation GIS (PPGIS): A Synthesis Based on Empirical Research.” Applied Geography 46: 122–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Marketta Kyttä. 2018. “Key Issues and Priorities in Participatory Mapping: Toward Integration or Increased Specialization?” Applied Geography 95: 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Pat Reed. 2009. “Public Participation GIS: A New Method for Use in National Forest Planning.” Forest Science 55 (2): 166–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Pat Reed. 2012a. “Values Compatibility Analysis: Integrating Public Values in a Forest Planning Decision Support System.” Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy 5 (4): 317–332.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Pat Reed. 2012b. “Social Landscape Metrics: Measures for Understanding Place Values from Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS).” Landscape Research 37 (1): 73–90.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, Morgan Faith Schebella, and Delene Weber. 2014. “Using Participatory GIS to Measure Physical Activity and Urban Park Benefits.” Landscape and Urban Planning 121: 34–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, and Delene Weber. 2011. “Public Participation GIS: A New Method for National Park Planning.” Landscape and Urban Planning 102 (1): 1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, Greg, Delene Weber, and Kelly De Bie. 2014. “Assessing the Value of Public Lands Using Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) and Social Landscape Metrics.” Applied Geography 53: 77–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, David N., and Terry C. Daniel. 2003. “The Science of Visitor Management in Parks and Protected Areas: From Verbal Reports to Simulation Models.” Journal for Nature Conservation 11 (4): 269–277.
   Google Scholar
• De Valck, J., S. Broekx, I. Liekens, L. De Nocker, J. Van Orshoven, and L. Vranken. 2016. “Contrasting Collective Preferences for Outdoor Recreation and Substitutability of Nature Areas Using Hot Spot Mapping.” Landscape and Urban Planning 151: 64–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doherty, Sean T., Christopher J. Lemieux, and Culum Canally. 2014. “Tracking Human Activity and Well-Being in Natural Environments Using Wearable Sensors and Experience Sampling.” Social Science and Medicine 106: 83–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn, Christine E. 2007. “Participatory GIS: A People's GIS?” Progress in Human Geography 31 (5): 616–637.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erkkonen, Joel, and Tuija Sievänen. 2001. Kävijätutkimusopas [Guide for Conducting Visitor Surveys]. Nature Protection Publications of Metsähallitus. Series B 62. Vantaa: Metsähallitus.
   Google Scholar
• Frost, Warwick, and Colin Michael Hall, eds. 2009. Tourism and National Parks: International Perspectives on Development, Histories, and Change. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Garcia-Martin, M., N. Fagerholm, C. Bieling, D. Gounaridis, T. Kizos, A. Printsmann, M. Müller, J. Lieskovský, and T. Plieninger. 2017. “Participatory Mapping of Landscape Values in a Pan-European Perspective.” Landscape Ecology 32 (11): 2133–2150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin, Tony, Sue Moore, Gary Crilley, Simon Darcy, and Stephen Schweinsberg. 2010. Protected Area Management: Collection and Use of Visitor Data. Vol. 1: Summary and Recommendations. Gold Coast: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.
   Google Scholar
• Hammitt, William E., and David N. Cole. 1998. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Hausner, Vera Helene, Greg Brown, and Eiliv Lægreid. 2015. “Effects of Land Tenure and Protected Areas on Ecosystem Services and Land Use Preferences in Norway.” Land Use Policy 49: 446–461.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ives, C.D., and D. Kendal. 2014. “The Role of Social Values in the Management of Ecological Systems.” Journal of Environmental Management 144: 67–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahila-Tani, Maarit, Anna Broberg, Marketta Kyttä, and Taylor Tyger. 2016. “Let the Citizens Map: Public Participation GIS as a Planning Support System in the Helsinki Master Plan Process.” Planning Practice and Research 31 (2): 195–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kajala, Liisa, Joel Erkkonen, and Minttu Perttula. 2004. “Measures for Developing Sustainability of Nature Tourism in Protected Areas.” In Policies, Methods and Tools for Visitor Management: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas, edited by Tuija Sievänen, Joel Erkkonen, Jukka Jokimäki, Jarkko Saarinen, Seija Tuulentie, and Eija Virtanen, 241–246. Vantaa: Finnish Forest Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Korpilo, S., T. Virtanen, T. Saukkonen, and S. Lehvävirta. 2018. “More Than A to B: Understanding and Managing Visitor Spatial Behaviour in Urban Forests Using Public Participation GIS.” Journal of Environmental Management 207: 124–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin, N., S. Kark, and D. Crandall. 2015. “Where Have All the People Gone? Enhancing Global Conservation Using Night Lights and Social Media.” Ecological Applications 25 (8): 2153–2167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, Steven R., Stephen F. McCool, and Robert C. Lucas. 1989. “Wilderness Campsite Impacts: Do Managers and Visitors See Them the Same?” Environmental Management 13 (5): 623–629.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCool, Stephen F. 1994. “Planning for Sustainable Nature Dependent Tourism Development: The Limits of Acceptable Change System.” Tourism Recreation Research 19 (2): 51–55.
   Google Scholar
• Metsähallitus. 2017. “Visitation Numbers in Protected Areas of Finland.” Metsähallitus. Accessed October 5, 2017. http://www.metsa.fi/web/en/visitationnumbers
   Google Scholar
• Moore, Susan A., Greg Brown, Halina Kobryn, and Jennifer Strickland-Munro. 2017. “Identifying Conflict Potential in a Coastal and Marine Environment Using Participatory Mapping.” Journal of Environmental Management 197: 706–718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munro, Jennifer, Halina Kobryn, David Palmer, Sam Bayley, and Susan A. Moore. 2017. “Charting the Coast: Spatial Planning for Tourism Using Public Participation GIS.” Current Issues in Tourism 1–19. doi:10.1080/13683500.2017.1346589
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newsome, David, Susan A. Moore, and Ross Kingston Dowling. 2012. Natural Area Tourism: Ecology, Impacts and Management. 2nd ed. Bristol: Channel View Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Orsi, F., and D. Geneletti. 2013. “Using Geotagged Photographs and GIS Analysis to Estimate Visitor Flows in Natural Areas.” Journal for Nature Conservation 21 (5): 359–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palomo, Ignacio, Berta Martín-López, Pedro Zorrilla-Miras, David García Del Amo, and Carlos Montes. 2014. “Deliberative Mapping of Ecosystem Services Within and Around Doñana National Park (SW Spain) in Relation to Land Use Change.” Regional Environmental Change 14 (1): 237–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pánek, Jiří. 2016. “From Mental Maps to GeoParticipation.” The Cartographic Journal 53 (4): 300–307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietilä, Miisa. 2017. “Do Visitor Experiences Differ Across Recreation Settings? Utilizing Geographical Information Systems to Study the Setting–Experience Relationship.” Visitor Studies 20 (2): 187–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietilä, Miisa, and Nora Fagerholm. 2016. “Visitors’ Place-Based Evaluations of Unacceptable Tourism Impacts in Oulanka National Park, Finland.” Tourism Geographies 18 (3): 258–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietilä, Miisa, and Katja Kangas. 2015. “Examining the Relationship Between Recreation Settings and Experiences in Oulanka National Park: A Spatial Approach.” Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 9: 26–36.
   Google Scholar
• Scolozzi, Rocco, Uta Schirpke, Carlo Detassis, Sabah Abdullah, and Alessandro Gretter. 2015. “Mapping Alpine Landscape Values and Related Threats as Perceived by Tourists.” Landscape Research 40 (4): 451–465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sessions, C., S.A. Wood, S. Rabotyagov, and D.M. Fisher. 2016. “Measuring Recreational Visitation at US National Parks with Crowd-Sourced Photographs.” Journal of Environmental Management 183: 703–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seymour, Eloise, Allan Curtis, David Pannell, Catherine Allan, and Anna Roberts. 2010. “Understanding the Role of Assigned Values in Natural Resource Management.” Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 17 (3): 142–153.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherrouse, Benson C., Darius J. Semmens, and Jessica M. Clement. 2014. “An Application of Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES) to Three National Forests in Colorado and Wyoming.” Ecological Indicators 36: 68–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strickland-Munro, Jennifer, Halina Kobryn, Greg Brown, and Susan A. Moore. 2016. “Marine Spatial Planning for the Future: Using Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) to Inform the Human Dimension for Large Marine Parks.” Marine Policy 73: 15–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenkanen, H., E. Di Minin, V. Heikinheimo, A. Hausmann, M. Herbst, L. Kajala, and T. Toivonen. 2017. “Instagram, Flickr, or Twitter: Assessing the Usability of Social Media Data for Visitor Monitoring in Protected Areas.” Scientific Reports 7 (1): 1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Riper, Carena J., and Gerard T. Kyle. 2014. “Capturing Multiple Values of Ecosystem Services Shaped by Environmental Worldviews: A Spatial Analysis.” Journal of Environmental Management 145: 374–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Riper, Carena J., Gerard T. Kyle, Benson C. Sherrouse, Kenneth J. Bagstad, and Stephen G. Sutton. 2017. “Toward an Integrated Understanding of Perceived Biodiversity Values and Environmental Conditions in a National Park.” Ecological Indicators 72: 278–287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaske, J.J., and M.P. Donnelly. 2001. Social Impact Indicators and Standards at the Columbia Icefield (HDNRU Report No. 47). Fort Collins: Colorado State University.
   Google Scholar
• Vaske, J.J., M.P. Donnelly, and X. Lehto. 2002. Visitor Crowding and Normative Tolerances at Congested Areas of Rocky Mountain National Park (HDRNU Report No. 50). Fort Collins: Colorado State University.
   Google Scholar
• Walden-Schreiner, C., Y.F. Leung, and L. Tateosian. 2018. “Digital Footprints: Incorporating Crowdsourced Geographic Information for Protected Area Management.” Applied Geography 90: 44–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, Isabelle D., Greg Brown, and Teresa Wohlfart. 2018. “Applying Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) to Inform and Manage Visitor Conflict Along Multi-Use Trails.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 26 (3):470–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, Isabelle D., Teresa Wohlfart, Greg Brown, and Abraham Bartolomé Lasa. 2015. “The Use of Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) for Park Visitor Management: A Case Study of Mountain Biking.” Tourism Management 51: 112–130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar