379
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric

References

  • Abou-Chadi, T. 2016. “Niche Party Success and Mainstream Party Policy Shifts – How Green and Radical Right Parties Differ in Their Impact.” British Journal of Political Science 46 (02): 417–436.
  • Adams, J. 2012. “Causes and Electoral Consequences of Party Policy Shifts in Multiparty Elections: Theoretical Results and Empirical Evidence.” Annual Review of Political Science 15 (1): 401–419.
  • Adams, J., M. Clark, L. Ezrow, and Garrett Glasgow. 2006. “Are Niche Parties Fundamentally Different from Mainstream Parteis? The Causes and the Electoral Consequences of Western European Parties' Policy Shifts, 1976–1998.” American Journal of Political Science 50 (3): 513–529.
  • Adams, J., L. Ezrow, and D. Leiter. 2012. “Partisan Sorting and Niche Parties in Europe.” West European Politics 35 (6): 1272–1294.
  • Albaugh, Q., J. Sevenans, S. Soroka, et al. 2013. “The Automated Coding of Policy Agendas: A Dictionary-Based Approach.” 6th annual Comparative Agendas project.
  • Allen, N., and B. J. Brox. 2005. “The Roots of Third Party Voting.” Party Politics 11 (5): 623–637.
  • Bäck, H., M. Debus, and P. Dumont. 2011. “Who Gets What in Coalition Governments? Predictors of Portfolio Allocation in Parliamentary Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 50 (4): 441–478.
  • Behnke, J. 2007. Das Wahlsystem der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Baden-Baden: Nomos.
  • Bélanger, É. 2004. “Antipartyism and Third-Party Vote Choice.” Comparative Political Studies 37 (9): 1054–1078.
  • Biehl, H., and U. Kranenpohl. 2011. “Große Politik in einer kleinen Partei. Strukturen und Determinanten Innerparteilicher Partizipation in der Ökologisch-Demokratischen Partei (ödp).” Mitteilungen des Instituts für Deutsches und Internationales Parteienrecht und Parteienforschung 17: 93–110.
  • Bischof, D. 2015. “Towards a Renewal of the Niche Party Concept: Parties, Market Shares and Condensed Offers.” Party Politics 23 (3): 220–235.
  • Bolleyer, N. 2013. New Parties in old Party Systems: Persistence and Decline in Seventeen Democracies. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Borisyuk, G., C. Rallings, M. Thrasher, and Henk van der Kolk. 2007. “Voter Support for Minor Parties.” Party Politics 13 (6): 669–693.
  • Bukow, S. 2016. “The Green Party in Germany.” In Green Parties in Europe: s.l, edited by E. van Haute, 112–140. London: Taylor and Francis.
  • Chamberlain, A. 2012. “The Growth of Third-Party Voting: An Empirical Case Study of Vermont, 1840–55.” State Politics & Policy Quarterly 12 (3): 343–361.
  • Dalton, R. J. 2000. “Citizen Attitudes and Political Behaviour.” Comparative Political Studies 33 (6/7): 912–940.
  • Decker, F. 2000. “Über das Scheitern des Neuen Rechtspopulismus in Deutschland: Republikaner, Statt-Partei und der Bund Freier Bürger.” Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft 29 (2): 237–256.
  • Decker, F., and V. Neu, eds. 2018. Handbuch der Deutschen Parteien. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
  • Downs, A. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper & Row Publishers.
  • Farrer, B. 2015. “Connecting Niche Party Vote Change in First- and Second-Order Elections.” Journal of Elections, Public Opinion & Parties 25 (4): 482–503.
  • Fernandez-Vazquez, P. 2018. “Voter Discounting of Party Campaign Manifestos.” Party Politics 24 (2): 135406881878735.
  • Franzmann, S. T., H. Giebler, and T. Poguntke. 2019. “It’s no Longer the Economy, Stupid! Issue Yield at the 2017 German Federal Election.” West European Politics 58 (4): 1–29.
  • Gerring, J. 2005. “Minor Parties in Plurality Electoral Systems.” Party Politics 11 (1): 79–107.
  • Green, J. 2015. “Party and Voter Incentives at the Crowded Centre of British Politics.” Party Politics 21 (1): 80–99.
  • Hansen, M. E. 2008. “Back to the Archives? A Critique of the Danish Part of the Manifesto Dataset.” Scandinavian Political Studies 31 (2): 201–216.
  • Hartmann, J. 2013. Das Politische System der BRD im Kontext. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • Herzog, H. 1987. “Minor Parties: The Relevancy Perspective.” Comparative Politics 19 (3): 317–329.
  • Hirano, S., and J. M. Snyder. 2007. “The Decline of Third-Party Voting in the United States.” The Journal of Politics 69 (1): 1–16.
  • Jandura, O. 2007. Kleinparteien in der Mediendemokratie. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
  • Jensen, C. B., and J.-J. Spoon. 2010. “Thinking Locally, Acting Supranationally: Niche Party Behaviour in the European Parliament.” European Journal of Political Research 49 (2): 174–201.
  • Kercher, J., and F. Brettschneider. 2013. “Wahlprogramme als Pflichtübung? Typen, Funktionen und Verständlichkeit der Bundestagswahlprogramme 1994–2009.” In Wahlen und Wähler, edited by B. Weßels, H. Schoen, and O. W. Gabriel, 269–290. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • Köhler, J. 2006. “Nicht-etablierte Parteien: Funktionen und Rechtsfragen.” In Kleine Parteien im Aufwind: Zur Veränderung der deutschen Parteienlandschaft, edited by U. Jun, H. Kreikenbom, and V. Neu, 39–57. New York, Frankfurt am Main: Campus-Verl.
  • Kranenpohl, U., and O. Niedermayer. 2013. “Kleinstparteien.” In Handbuch Parteienforschung, edited by O. Niedermayer, 663–681. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • Laver, M., K. Benoit, and J. Garry. 2003. “Extracting Policy Positions from Political Texts Using Words as Data.” American Political Science Review 97 (2): 311–331.
  • Laver, M., and J. Garry. 2000. “Estimating Policy Positions from Political Texts.” American Journal of Political Science 44 (3): 619–634.
  • Lindstam, E. 2019. “Signalling Issue Salience: Explaining Niche Party Support in Second-Order Elections.” Electoral Studies 60: 102026.
  • Luks, S., J. M. Miller, and L. R. Jacobs. 2003. “Who Wins? Campaigns and the Third Party Vote.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 33 (1): 9–30.
  • Magin, R., M. Freitag, and A. Vatter. 2009. “Cleavage Structures and Voter Alignments Within Nations.” Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft 3 (2): 231–256.
  • Marcos-Marne, H., C. Plaza-Colodro, and T. Freyburg. 2020. “Who Votes for New Parties? Economic Voting, Political Ideology and Populist Attitudes.” West European Politics 43 (1): 1–21.
  • Marsh, M. 1998. “Testing the Second-Order Election Model After Four European Elections.” British Journal of Political Science 28 (4): 591–607.
  • Meguid, B. M. 2005. “Competition Between Unequals: The Role of Mainstream Party Strategy in Niche Party Success.” American Political Science Review 99 (3): 347–359.
  • Meguid, B. M. 2008. Party Competition Between Unequals: Strategies and Electoral Fortunes in Western Europe. Cambridge u.a.: Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Merz, N., and S. Regel. 2013. “Die Programmatik der Parteien.” In Handbuch Parteienforschung, edited by O. Niedermayer, 211–238. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • Meyer, T. M., and B. Miller. 2015. “The Niche Party Concept and its Measurement.” Party Politics 21 (2): 259–271.
  • Meyer, T. M., and M. Wagner. 2013. “Mainstream or Niche? Vote-Seeking Incentives and the Programmatic Strategies of Political Parties.” Comparative Political Studies 46 (10): 1246–1272.
  • Mikhaylov, S., M. Laver, and K. Benoit. 2008. “Coder Reliability and Misclassification in Comparative Manifesto Project Codings.” Prepared for presentation at the 66th MPSA Annual National Conference.
  • Morlok, M. 1999. “Zur Notwendigkeit, kleine politische Parteien zum Gegenstand der Parteirechtswissenschaft zu machen.” Mitteilungen des Instituts für Deutsches und Internationales Parteienrecht und Parteienforschung 9 (9): 92–100.
  • Neto, O. A., and G. W. Cox. 1997. “Electoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures and the Number of Parties.” American Journal of Political Science 41 (1): 149–174.
  • Newell, J. L., and M. Bull. 1997. “Party Organisations and Alliances in Italy in the 1990s: A Revolution of Sorts.” West European Politics 20 (1): 81–109.
  • Niedermayer, O. 2013. “Die Analyse Einzelner Parteien.” In Handbuch Parteienforschung, edited by O. Niedermayer, 61–82. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • Pappi, F. U., A.-S. Kurella, and T. Bräuninger. 2019. “Die Etablierung Neuer Parlamentsparteien. Wählerpräferenzen als Erfolgsfaktor für die Alternative für Deutschland 2017 und die Grünen 1986.” Politische Vierteljahresschrift 60 (2): 273–298.
  • Pardos-Prado, S. 2015. “How Can Mainstream Parties Prevent Nicht Party Success? Center-Right Parties and the Immigration Issue.” The Journal of Politics 77 (2): 352–367.
  • Peters, J., T. Sager, and A. Häusler. 2008. “PRO NRW und PRO D — Entwicklung, Struktur und Methodik.” In Rechtspopulismus als "Bürgerbewegung": Kampagnen gegen Islam und Moscheebau und kommunale Gegenstrategien, edited by A. Häusler, 72–87. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
  • Proksch, S.-O., and J. B. Slapin. 2009. “How to Avoid Pitfalls in Statistical Analysis of Political Texts: The Case of Germany.” German Politics 18 (3): 323–344.
  • Reif, K., and H. Schmitt. 1980. “Nine Second-Order National Elections: A Conceptual Framework for the Analysis of European Election Results.” European Journal of Political Research 8 (1): 3–44.
  • Rowold, M. 1974. Im Schatten der Macht: Zur Oppositionsrolle der nicht-etablierten Parteien in der Bundesrepublik. Düsseldorf: Droste.
  • Ruedin, D. 2013a. “Obtaining Party Positions on Immigration in Switzerland: Comparing Different Methods.” Swiss Political Science Review 19 (1): 84–105.
  • Ruedin, D. 2013b. “The Role of Language in the Automatic Coding of Political Texts.” Swiss Political Science Review 19 (4): 539–545.
  • Ruedin, D., and L. Morales. 2018. “Estimating Party Positions on Immigration.” Party Politics 2009 (1): 135406881771312.
  • Schmitt, H. 2005. “The European Parliament Elections of June 2004: Still Second-Order?” West European Politics 28 (3): 650–679.
  • Slapin, J. B., and S.-O. Proksch. 2008. “A Scaling Model for Estimating Time-Series Party Positions from Texts.” American Journal of Political Science 52 (3): 705–722.
  • van den Boom, D. 1999. Politik Diesseits der Macht? Zu Einfluß, Funktion und Stellung von Kleinparteien im Politischen System der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Wiesbaden, s.l.: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
  • Volkens, A., P. Lehmann, T. Matthieß, et al. 2016. The Manifesto Project Dataset - Codebook. Manifesto Project (MRG / CMP / MARPOR). Version 2016b. Berlin: Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB).
  • Wagner, M. 2012. “Defining and Measuring Niche Parties.” Party Politics 18 (6): 845–864.
  • Wagner, M., and T. M. Meyer. 2016. “The Radical Right as Niche Parties? The Ideological Landscape of Party Systems in Western Europe, 1980–2014.” Political Studies 65 (1): 1–24.
  • Weber, T. 2007. “Campaign Effects and Second-Order Cycles.” European Union Politics 8 (4): 509–536.
  • Wuttke, A. 2020. “New Political Parties Through the Voters’ Eyes.” West European Politics 43 (1): 22–48.
  • Zons, G. 2015. “The Influence of Programmatic Diversity on the Formation of New Political Parties.” Party Politics 21 (6): 919–929.
  • Zons, G. 2016. “How Programmatic Profiles of Niche Parties Affect Their Electoral Performance.” West Uropean Politics 39 (6): 1205–1229.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.