Efforts to Implement Smart Specialization in Practice—Leading Unlike Horses to the Water

References

• Acemoglu, D. & Robinson, J. A. (2000) Political losers as a barrier to economic development, American Economic Review, 90(2), pp. 126–30. doi: 10.1257/aer.90.2.126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahner, D. & Landabaso, M. (2011) Regional policies in times of austerity, ERIEP, European Review of Industrial Economics and Policy, no. 2. Available at http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3238 (accessed 9 January 2015).
   Google Scholar
• van Ark, B., O'Mahony, M. & Timmer, M. (2008) The productivity gap between Europe and the United States: Trends and causes, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 22(1), pp. 25–44. doi: 10.1257/jep.22.1.25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asheim, B. (2013) Smart specialisation—old wine in new bottles or new wine in old bottles? Presentation at the ERSA Conference in Palermo on 28 August.
   Google Scholar
• Asheim, B., Annerstedt, J., Blazek, J., Boschma, R., Brzica, D., Dahlstrand Lindholm, A., Del Castillo Hermosa, J., Laredo, P., Moula, M. & Piccaluga, A. (2006) Constructing Regional Advantage, principles, perspectives, policies, report prepared by an independent expert group, chaired by Prof. Phil Cooke for the DG for Research, Brussels: European Commission. Available at www.dime-eu.org/files/active/0/regional_advantage_FINAL.pdf (accessed 15 January 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Asheim, B., Boschma, R. & Cooke, P. (2011) Constructing regional advantage: Plat-form policies based on related variety and differentiated knowledge bases, Regional Studies, 45(7), pp. 893–904. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2010.543126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barca, F. (2009) An Agenda for a Reformed Cohesion Policy: A Place-Based Approach to Meeting European Union Challenges and Expectations. Independent report prepared at the request of the European Commissioner for Regional Policy (Brussels: European Commission).
   Google Scholar
• Barca, F., McCann, P. & Rodriguez-Pose, A. (2012) The case for regional development intervention: Place-based versus place-neutral approaches, Journal of Regional Science, 52(1), pp. 134–152. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9787.2011.00756.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. (2008) Constructing Regional Advantage: Related Variety and Regional Innovation Policy, report for the Dutch Scientific Council for Government Policy (Utrecht: University of Utrecht).
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. (2014a) Constructing regional advantage and Smart specialisation: Comparison of two European policy concepts, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 51–68.
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. (2014b) Towards an Evolutionary Perspective on Regional Resilience. Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography # 14.08 (Utrecht: Utrecht University).
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. & Frenken, K. (2011) Technological relatedness and regional branching, in: H. Bathelt, M. P. Feldman & D. F. Kogler (Eds) Beyond Territory. Dynamic Geographies of Knowledge Creation, Diffusion and Innovation, pp. 64–81 (London: Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. & Gianelle, C. (2013) Regional Branching and Smart Specialization Policy, S3 Policy Brief Series No 06/2014 (Seville: European commission, JRC-IPTS).
   Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. & Iammarino, S. (2009) Related variety, trade linkages and regional growth, Economic Geography, 85(3), pp. 289–311. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01034.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camagni, R., Capello, R. & Lenzi, C. (2014) A territorial taxonomy of innovative regions and the European regional policy reform: Smart innovation policies, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 69–106.
   Google Scholar
• Capello, R. (2014) Smart specialisation strategy and the new EU cohesion policy reform: Introductory remarks, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 5–15.
   Google Scholar
• Chien, S.-S. (2008) The isomorphism of local development policy: A case study of the formation and transformation of national development zones in post-Mao Jiangsu, China, Urban Studies, 45(2), pp. 273–294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coffano, M. & Foray, D. (2014) The centrality of entrepreneurial discovery in building and implementing a smart specialisation strategy, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 33–50.
   Google Scholar
• Cooke, P. (2012) Complex Adaptive Innovation Systems: Relatedness and Transversality in the Evolving Region (Regions and Cities) (London: Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• David, P., Foray, D. & Hall, B. (2009) Measuring smart specialisatoin: The concept and the need for indicators. “Knowledge for Growth” Expert Group. Available at cemi.epfl.ch/./Measuring%20smart%20specialization (accessed 10 November 2014).
   Google Scholar
• Draca, M., Sadun, R. & van Reenen, J. (2006) Productivity and the ICTs: A review of the evidence, in: R. Mansell, C. Avgerou, D. Quah & R. Silverstone (Eds) The Oxford Handbook of Innovation and Communication Technologies, pp. 100–147 (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
   Google Scholar
• Enkel, E. & Gassmann, O. (2010) Creative imitation: Exploring the case of cross-industry innovation, R&D Management, 40(3), pp. 256–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission. (1995) Green Paper on Innovation (Brussels: European Commission). Available at http://europa.eu/documents/comm/green_papers/pdf/com95_688_en.pdf (accessed 10 November 2014).
   Google Scholar
• Farole, T., Rodríguez-Pose, A. & Storper, M. (2011) Cohesion policy in the European Union: Growth, geography, institutions, Journal of Common Market Studies, 49(5), pp. 1089–1111. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2010.02161.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foray, D. (2012) Smart Specialisation and the New Industrial Policy Agenda, Innovation for Growth, i4 g Policy Brief N° 8 (Brussels: European Commission).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D. (2014) Smart Specialisation, Opportunities and Challenges for Regional Innovations Policy (London: Routledge).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D. & Goenaga, X. (2013) The Goals of Smart Specialisation, JRC Scientific and Policy Report, S3 Policy Brief Series No. 01/2013 (Seville: European Commission, JRC-IPTS).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D. & Rainoldi, A. (2013) Smart Specialisation Programmes and Implementtation Report EUR 26002 EN. 2013. S3 Policy Brief Series. No. 02/2013 (Seville, Spain: European Commission, JRC-IPTS).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D., David, P. A. & Hall, B. H. (2009) Smart Specialisation—The Concept, Knowledge Economists Policy Brief n° 9, June (Brussels: European Commission). Available at http://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/download_en/kfg_policy_brief_no9.pdf (accessed 9 January 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D., David, P. A. & Hall, B. H. (2011) Smart Specialization—From Academic Idea to Political Instrument/the Surprising Career of a Concept and the Difficulties Involved in Its Implementation MTEI-WORKING_PAPER-2011-001 (Lausanne: École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne).
   Google Scholar
• Foray, D., Goddard, J., Goenaga Beldarrain, X., Landabaso, M., McCann, P., Morgan, K., Nauwelaers, C. & Ortega-Artilés, R. (2012) Guide to Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3). European Commission, Smart Specialisation Platform. Available at http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=a39fd20b-9fbc-402b-be8c-b51d03450946&groupId=10157 (accessed 15 January 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Frenken, K., Van Oort, F. & Verburg, T. (2007) Related variety, unrelated variety and regional economic growth, Regional Studies, 41(5), pp. 685–697. doi: 10.1080/00343400601120296
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassink, R. (2010) Regional resilience: A promising concept to explain differences in regional economic adaptability? Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), pp. 45–58. doi: 10.1093/cjres/rsp033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hausman, R. & Rodrik, D. (2003) Economic development as self-discovery, Journal of Development Economics, 72(2), pp. 603–633. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3878(03)00124-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iacobucci, D. (2014) Designing and implementing a smart specialisation strategy at regional level: Some open questions, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 107–126.
   Google Scholar
• Isaksen, A. (2014) Industrial development in thin regions: Trapped in path extension? Journal of Economic Geography, 2014, pp. 1–16. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbu026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ketels, C. (2013). Recent research on competitiveness and clusters: What are the implications for regional policy? Cambridge Journal on Regional Economy and Society, 6(2), pp. 269–284. doi: 10.1093/cjres/rst008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komninos, N., Musyck, B. & Reid, A. I. (2014) Smart specialisation strategies in south Europe during crisis, European Journal of Innovation Management, 17(4), pp. 448–471. doi: 10.1108/EJIM-11-2013-0118
   Google Scholar
• Kroll, H., Muller, E., Schnabl, E. & Zenker, A. (2014) From Smart Concept to Challenging Practice—How European Regions Deal with the Commission's Request for Novel Innovation Strategies, Workingn paper Policy and Region No. R2/2014 (Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI).
   Google Scholar
• Lagendijk, A. (2012) Smart specialization strategies: How can it benefit the Brainflow regions. Presentation at the Brainflow Thematic Exchange of Experience Meeting, Arnheim.
   Google Scholar
• Landabaso, M. (2012) What public policies can and cannot do for regional development, in: P. Cooke, M. D. Parrilli & J. L. Curbelo (Eds) Innovation, Global Challenge and Territorial Resilience, pp. 364–381 (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar).
   Google Scholar
• Landabaso, M. (2014) Time for the real economy: The need for new forms of public entrepreneurship, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 127–140.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, R. (2010) Roepke lecture in economic geography—rethinking regional path dependence: Beyond loc-in to evolution, Economic Geography, 86(1), pp. 1–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01056.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, R. & Sunley, P. (2006) Path dependence and regional economic evolution, Journal of Economic Geography, 6(4), pp. 395–437. doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbl012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCann, P. & Ortega-Agilés, R. (2011) Smart Specialisation, Regional Growth and applications to EU Cohesion Policy. Economic Geography Working Paper, University of Groningen.
   Google Scholar
• McCann, P. & Ortega-Argilés, R. (2014a) The role of the smart specialisation agenda in a reformed EU cohesion policy, Scienze Regionali, Italian Journal of Regional Science, 13(1), pp. 15–32.
   Google Scholar
• McCann, P. & Ortega-Argilés, R. (2014b) Smart specialisation, regional growth and applications to EU cohesion policy, Regional Studies. doi:10.1080/00343404.2013.799769
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohl, P. & Hagen, T. (2010) Do EU structural funds promote regional growth? New evidence from various panel data approaches, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 40(5), pp. 353–365. doi: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2010.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moulaert, F. & Sekia, F. (2003) Territorial innovation models: A critical survey, Regional Studies, 37(3), pp. 289–302. doi: 10.1080/0034340032000065442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nauwelaers, C. & Reid, A. (2002) Learning innovation policy in a market-based context: Process, issues and challenges for EU candidate-countries, Journal of International Relations and Development, 5(4), pp. 357–379.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. (2014) Innovation-driven Growth in Regions: The Role of Smart Specialisation, Preliminary Version (Paris: OECD).
   Google Scholar
• O'Mahony, M. & van Ark, B. (Eds). (2003) EU Productivity and Competitiveness: An Industry Perspective. Can Europe Resume the Catching-Up Process? (Luxemburg: European Commission).
   Google Scholar
• Ortega-Argilés, R. (2012) The transatlantic productivity gap: A survey of the main causes, Journal of Economic Surveys, 26(3), pp. 395–419. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6419.2012.00725.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piore, M. J. & Sabel, C. F. (1984) The Second Industrial Divide (New York: Basic Books).
   Google Scholar
• Porter, M. (1998) Clusters and the new economics of competition, Harvard Business Review, 76(3), pp. 77–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid, A. & Stanovnik, P. (2013) The Development of a Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3) for Slovenia, Report to the European Commission, DG Research & Innovation (Brussels: European Commission).
   Google Scholar
• Reid, A., Komninos, N., Sanchez, J. & Tsanakas, P. (2012) RIS3 National Assessment: Greece. Smart Specialisation as a Means to Foster Economic Renewal report to the European Commission, DG Regional Policy (Brussels: European Commission).
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A. (2013) Do institutions matter for regional development? Regional Studies, 47(7), pp. 1034–1047. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2012.748978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A. & Crescenzi, R. (2008) Research and development, spillovers, innovation systems, and the genesis of regional growth in Europe, Regional Studies, 42(1), pp. 51–67. doi: 10.1080/00343400701654186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Pose, A., di Cataldo, M. & Rainoldi, A. (2014) The Role of Government Institutions for Smart Specialisation and Regional Development, JRC Technical Reports. S3 Policy Brief Series No. 04/2014 (Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union).
   Google Scholar
• Rodrik, D. (2004) Industrial Policy for the Twenty-first Century, CEPR Discussion paper Series No. 4767 (London: Centre for Economic Policy Research).
   Google Scholar
• Technopolis Belgium, Fraunhofer ISI & UNU-MERIT. (2012) Regional Innovation Monitor Annual Report “Governance, Policies, and Perspectives in European Regions”, Report to the European Commission, DG Enterprise and Industry, Directorate D—Industrial Innovation and Mobility Industries (Brüssel: Technopolis Belgium).
   Google Scholar
• Technopolis Belgium, Fraunhofer ISI & UNU-MERIT. (2013) Regional Innovation Monitor Annual Report “Credible Actions Key to Regions' Future Innovation Performance”, Report to the European Commission, DG Enterprise and Industry, Directorate D—Industrial Innovation and Mobility Industries (Brüssel: Technopolis Belgium).
   Google Scholar
• Tödtling, F. & Trippl, M. (2005) One size fits all? Towards a differentiated regional innovation policy approach, Research Policy, 34(8), pp. 1203–1219. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.01.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, D. J. (2009) IT and beyond: The contribution of heterogeneuos capital to productivity, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 27(1), pp. 52–70. doi: 10.1198/jbes.2009.0005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar