References
- Academy of Internet Finance Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Association of Internet Finance, The Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, & TongBanJie Financial Technology Group. (2018). The future of finance is emerging: New hubs, new landscapes. Global Fintech Hub Report. Retrieved from https://www.jbs.cam.ac.uk/fileadmin/user_upload/research/centres/alternative-finance/downloads/2018-ccaf-global-fintech-hub-report-eng.pdf
- Aoyama, Y., & Izushi, H. (2003). Hardware gimmick or cultural innovation? Technological, cultural, and social foundations of the Japanese video game industry. Research Policy, 32(3), 423–444. doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00016-1
- Asheim, B., & Coenen, L. (2005). Knowledge bases and regional innovation systems: Comparing Nordic clusters. Research Policy, 34(8), 1173–1190. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.013
- Asheim, B., Coenen, L., & Vang, J. (2007). Face-to-face, buzz, and knowledge bases: Sociospatial implications for learning, innovation, and innovation policy. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 25(5), 655–670. doi: 10.1068/c0648
- Bathelt, H., & Glückler, J. (2014). Institutional change in economic geography. Progress in Human Geography, 38(3), 340–363. doi: 10.1177/0309132513507823
- Bellandi, M., Chaminade, C., & Plechero, M. (2018). Transformation paths and the multi-scalarity of knowledge bases under Industry 4.0 challenges. Papers in Innovation Studies, 15, 1–25.
- Binz, C., & Anadon, L. (2018). Unrelated diversification in latecomer contexts—the emergence of the Chinese solar photovoltaics industry. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 28, 14–34. doi: 10.1016/j.eist.2018.03.005
- Binz, C., & Truffer, B. (2017). Global Innovation Systems – a conceptual framework for innovation dynamics in transnational contexts. Research Policy, 46(7), 1284–1298. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2017.05.012
- Binz, C., Truffer, B., & Coenen, L. (2016). Path creation as a process of resource alignment and anchoring: Industry formation for on-site water recycling in Beijing. Economic Geography, 92(2), 172–200. doi: 10.1080/00130095.2015.1103177
- Bluestone, B., & Harrison, B. (1982). The deindustrialization of America: Plant closings, community abandonment, and the dismantling of basic industry. New York: Basic Books.
- Boschma, R. (2005). Proximity and innovation: A critical assessment. Regional Studies, 39(1), 61–74. doi: 10.1080/0034340052000320887
- Boschma, R. (2015). Towards an evolutionary perspective on regional resilience. Regional Studies, 49(5), 733–751. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2014.959481
- Boschma, R. (2017). Relatedness as driver of regional diversification: A research agenda. Regional Studies, 51(3), 351–364. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2016.1254767
- Boschma, R., & Frenken, K. (2011). Technological relatedness and regional branching. In H. Bathelt, M. P. Feldman, & D. F. Kogler (Eds.), Beyond territory. Dynamic geographies of knowledge creation, diffusion and innovation (pp. 64–81). London: Routledge.
- Boschma, R., & Martin, R. (2007). Editorial: Constructing an evolutionary economic geography. Journal of Economic Geography, 7(5), 537–548. doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbm021
- Carvalho, L., & Vale, M. (2018). Biotech by bricolage? Agency, institutional relatedness and new path development in peripheral regions. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 11(2), 275–295. doi: 10.1093/cjres/rsy009
- Chu, W. (2009). Can Taiwan’s second movers upgrade via branding? Research Policy, 38(6), 1054–1065. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2008.12.014
- Cooke, P. (2004). The regional innovation system in Wales: Evolution or eclipse. In P. Cooke, M. Heidenreich, & H-J. Braczyk (Eds.), Regional innovation systems (2nd ed., pp. 214–233). London and New York: Routledge.
- Dawley, S. (2014). Creating new paths? Offshore wind, policy activism, and peripheral region development. Economic Geography, 90(1), 91–112. doi: 10.1111/ecge.12028
- Dawley, S., MacKinnon, D., & Pollock, R. (2019). Creating strategic couplings in global production networks: Regional institutions and lead firm investment in the Humber region, UK. Journal of Economic Geography, 19(4), 853–872. doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbz004
- Depner, H., & Bathelt, H. (2005). Exporting the German model: The establishment of a new automobile industry cluster in Shanghai. Economic Geography, 81(1), 53–81. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2005.tb00255.x
- Dicken, P. (2015). Global shift: Mapping the changing contours of the world economy (7th ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
- Dudley, G., Banister, D., & Schwanen, T. (2017). The rise of Uber and regulating the disruptive innovator. The Political Quarterly, 88(3), 492–499. doi: 10.1111/1467-923X.12373
- European Commission. (2009). Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key enabling technologies in the EU. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament COM (2009)-512. Brussels: European Commission.
- Financial Stability Board. (2019). FinTech and market structure in financial services: Market developments and potential financial stability implications. Basel: Author. Retrieved from https://www.fsb.org/wp-content/uploads/P140219.pdf
- Florida, R. (1995). The industrial transformation of the Great Lakes Region. In P. Cooke (Ed.), The rise of the rustbelt (pp. 162–176). London: UCL Press.
- Fornahl, D., Hassink, R., Klaerding, C., Mossig, I., & Schröder, H. (2012). From the old path of shipbuilding onto the new path of offshore wind energy? The case of Northern Germany. European Planning Studies, 20, 835–855. doi: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667928
- Grillitsch, M. (2018). Place-based entrepreneurship and innovation policy for industrial diversification. Papers in Innovation Studies, 03, 1–21.
- Grillitsch, M., Asheim, B., & Trippl, M. (2018). Unrelated knowledge combinations: The unexplored potential for regional industrial path development. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 11(2), 257–274. doi: 10.1093/cjres/rsy012
- Grillitsch, M., & Trippl, M. (2016). Innovation policies and new regional growth paths: A place-based system failure framework. Papers in Innovation Studies, 26, 1–23.
- Hassink, R. (2010). Locked in decline? On the role of regional lock-ins in old industrial areas. In R. Boschma & R. Martin (Eds.), Handbook of evolutionary economic geography (pp. 450–468). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
- Hassink, R., Isaksen, A., & Trippl, M. (2019). Towards a comprehensive understanding of new regional industrial path development. Regional Studies, 53(11), 1636–1645. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2019.1566704
- He, D., Leckow, T., Haksar, V., Mancini-Griffoli, T., Jenkinson, N., Kashima, M., … Tourpe, H. (2017). Fintech and financial services: Initial considerations. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
- Hobday, M. (1998). Latecomer catch-up strategies in electronics: Samsung of Korea and ACER of Taiwan. Asia Pacific Business Review, 4(2-3), 48–83. doi: 10.1080/13602389812331288364
- Humphrey, J., & Schmitz, H. (2002). How does insertion in global value chains affect upgrading in industrial clusters? Regional Studies, 36(9), 1017–1027. doi: 10.1080/0034340022000022198
- Isaksen, A., & Trippl, M. (2016). Path development in different regional innovation systems: A conceptual analysis. In M. D. Parrilli, R. D. Fitjar, & A. Rodríguez-Pose (Eds.), Innovation drivers and regional innovation strategies (pp. 66–84). London: Routledge.
- Lee, C., & Saxenian, A. (2008). Coevolution and coordination: A systemic analysis of the Taiwanese information technology industry. Journal of Economic Geography, 8(2), 157–180. doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbm049
- MacKinnon, D., Dawley, S., Pike, A., & Cumbers, A. (2019). Rethinking path creation: A geographical political economy approach. Economic Geography, 95(2), 113–135. doi: 10.1080/00130095.2018.1498294
- MacKinnon, D., Dawley, S., Steen, M., Menzel, M., Karlsen, A., Sommer, P., … Normann, H. (2019). Path creation, global production networks and regional development: A comparative international analysis of the offshore wind sector. Progress in Planning, 130, 1–32. doi: 10.1016/j.progress.2018.01.001
- Marcus, A. (2015). Innovations in sustainability: Fuel and food. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Martin, R. (2010). Roepke lecture in economic geography – rethinking regional path dependence: Beyond lock-in to evolution. Economic Geography, 86(1), 1–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01056.x
- Martin, R. (2013). Differentiated knowledge bases and the nature of innovation networks. European Planning Studies, 21(9), 1418–1436. doi: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755836
- Martin, R., & Moodysson, J. (2013). Comparing knowledge bases: On the geography and organization of knowledge sourcing in the regional innovation system of Scania, Sweden. European Urban and Regional Studies, 20(2), 170–187. doi: 10.1177/0969776411427326
- Montresor, S., & Quatraro, F. (2017). Regional branching and key enabling technologies: Evidence from European patent data. Economic Geography, 1, 1–30.
- Nam, K. (2015). Compact organizational space and technological catch-up: Comparison of China’s three leading automotive groups. Research Policy, 44(1), 258–272. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2014.08.002
- Neffke, F., Hartog, M., Boschma, R., & Henning, M. (2018). Agents of structural change: The role of firms and entrepreneurs in regional diversification. Economic Geography, 94(1), 23–48. doi: 10.1080/00130095.2017.1391691
- Saxenian, A. (2006). The new argonauts: Regional advantage in a global economy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Shenzhen Statistics Bureau. (2019). Statistical communique of the national economic and social development of Shenzhen in 2018. Retrieved from http://tjj.sz.gov.cn/zwgk/zfxxgkml/tjsj/tjgb/201904/t20190419_16908575.htm
- Shin, J. (2017). Dynamic catch-up strategy, capability expansion and changing windows of opportunity in the memory industry. Research Policy, 46(2), 404–416. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2016.09.009
- Simmie, J., & Martin, R. (2010). The economic resilience of regions: Towards an evolutionary approach. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), 27–43. doi: 10.1093/cjres/rsp029
- South China Morning Post. (2017, August 27). Big banks strike partnerships with technology companies as part of fintech wave. Retrieved from https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/2164103/made-china-2025-peek-robot-revolution-under-way-hub-worlds
- South China Morning Post. (2018, September 18). ‘Made in China 2025’: A peek at the robot revolution under way in the hub of the ‘world factory’. Retrieved from https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/2164103/made-china-2025-peek-robot-revolution-under-way-hub-worlds
- Sturgeon, T., Van Biesebroeck, J., & Gereffi, G. (2008). Value chains, networks and clusters: Reframing the global automotive industry. Journal of Economic Geography, 8(3), 297–321. doi: 10.1093/jeg/lbn007
- Tödtling, F., & Trippl, M. (2005). One size fits all?: Towards a differentiated regional innovation policy approach. Research Policy, 34(8), 1203–1219. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2005.01.018
- Tokatli, N., & Kizilgün, Ö. (2004). Upgrading in the global clothing industry: Mavi jeans and the transformation of a Turkish firm from full-package to brand-name manufacturing and retailing. Economic Geography, 80(3), 221–240. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2004.tb00233.x
- Trippl, M. (2013). Islands of innovation as magnetic centres of star scientists? Empirical evidence on spatial concentration and mobility patterns. Regional Studies, 47(2), 229–244. doi: 10.1080/00343404.2011.556613
- Trippl, M., Grillitsch, M., & Isaksen, A. (2018). Exogenous sources of regional industrial change: Attraction and absorption of non-local knowledge for new path development. Progress in Human Geography, 42(5), 687–705. doi: 10.1177/0309132517700982
- Trippl, M., Tödtling, F., & Lengauer, L. (2009). Knowledge sourcing beyond buzz and pipelines: Evidence from the Vienna software sector. Economic Geography, 85(4), 443–462. doi: 10.1111/j.1944-8287.2009.01047.x
- Yang, C. (2009). Strategic coupling of regional development in global production networks: Redistribution of Taiwanese personal computer investment from the Pearl River Delta to the Yangtze River Delta, China. Regional Studies, 43(3), 385–407. doi: 10.1080/00343400802508836
- Yang, C. (2015). Government policy change and evolution of regional innovation systems in China: Evidence from strategic emerging industries in Shenzhen. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 33(3), 661–682. doi: 10.1068/C12162r