References
- Agamben, G. 2005. State of Exception (K. Attell, Trans.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Arnstein, S. 1969. “A Ladder of Citizen Participation.” Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35 (4): 216–224. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/01944366908977225.
- Baptista, I. 2013. “Practices of Exception in Urban Governance: Reconfiguring Power Inside the State.” Urban Studies 50 (1): 39–54. doi.https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098012453858.
- Carpentier, N. 2015. “Differentiation Between Access, Interaction and Participation.” Conjunctions: Transdisciplinary Journal of Cultural Participation 2 (2): 9–28.
- Chalkley, B., and S. Essex. 1999. “Urban Development Through Hosting International Events: A History of the Olympic Games.” Planning Perspectives 14 (4): 369–394. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/026654399364184.
- Cuesta, C., D. Gillespie, and L. Padraic. 2005. Bright stars: Charting the impact of the arts in rural Minnesota. Accessed January 21 2020. https://www.mcknight.org/system/asset/document/76/pdf-6-mb.pdf
- Deloitte. 2013. Outline of Strategic Goals and Actions Relating to the Integrated Sustainable Urban Development (ISUDP) of the Municipality of Pafos in the Framework of the Planning Period 2014-2020. Pafos: Pafos Municipality.
- Doetzer, G. 2019. “Culture at the Core of the City’s Development. Pafos, European Capital of Culture 2017.” In Transforming Cities Paradigms and Potentials of Urban Development Within the ‘European Capital of Culture, edited by W. Schneider, and K. Jacobsen, 249–258. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag.
- Dova, E. 2013. “Organizing Public Space as a Framework for re-Thinking the City: Pafos’s bid for the 2017 European Capital of Culture.” In Proceedings of the International Conference on “Changing Cities” (CD-ROM), edited by A. Gospodini, 2521–2530 Thessaloniki: Grafima Publications.
- Dova, E., A. Sivitanidou, and E. Balasis. 2019. “Grafting Culture Onto Urban Space: The Exploration of Community-Based Practices Towards Sustainability in the Case of Pafos, Cyprus.” In Tangible – Intangible Heritage(S) – Design, Social and Cultural Critiques on the Past, Present and the Future, Vol. 1, edited by M. A. Segantini, 290–301. London: AMPS Research Organization.
- Dova, E., A. Sivitanidou, J. Georgi, N. Tzortzi, and N. Anastasi. 2020. “Pafos 2017 European Capital of Culture. Motivating new Planning Practices and Rethinking Heritage.” In Mega-events and Heritage: the Experience of Five European Cities, edited by D. Ponzini, F. Bianchini, J. Georgi, N. Tzortzi, and J. Sanetra-Szeliga, 256–315. Krakow: International Cultural Centre.
- Dova, E., A. Sivitanidou, and Y. Koutsolambros. 2015. “Experiments in Place-Making: Re-Thinking Pafos for 2017.” In International Conference BioCultural 2015: Sustainability in Architectural Design Heritage Proceedings, 11-12 December, 2015, Vol. 1, edited by M. Philokyprou, A. Michael, and A. Savvides, 184–193. Nicosia: Biocultural Research Programme, University of Cyprus.
- European Commission. 2011. Cities of Tomorrow: Challenges, Visions, Ways Forward. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
- European Commission. 2014. European Capitals of Culture 2020-2033 Guide for cities preparing to bid. European Commission Culture. Accessed October 20 2019. http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/creative-europe/actions/documents/ecoc-candidates-guide_en.pdf
- European Commission, Ecorys, & Centre for Strategy and Evaluation Services. 2018. Ex-post Evaluation of the 2017 European Capitals of Culture. European Commission, Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture. Accessed October 20 2019. https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/creative-europe/sites/creative-europe/files/ecoc_2017_ex_post_evaluation_final_report.pdf
- Evans, G. 2018, November 18. Olympic Games: Why cities are snubbing the ‘greatest show on Earth’. BBC News. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-46236682
- Georgi, J., A. Vissilia, and I. Koutsolambros. 2014. “Pafos Cultural Capital of Europe 2017: Landscape Interventions in the Urban Fabric as a Tourist Development Tool.” In IFLA 2014, 51st World Congress of the International Federation of Landscape Architects/Thinking and Action: Earth, Home, Landscape of Places, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 5-7 June 2014, IFLA 51st World Congress Proceedings, edited by International Federation of Landscape Architects, 425–431. Buenos Aires: International Federation of Landscape Architects.
- Gold, J., and M. Gold. 2008. “Olympic Cities: Regeneration, City Rebranding and Changing Urban Agendas.” Geography Compass 2 (1): 300–318.
- Grizzo, N., T. G. Filippidis, K. Christoforou, and A. Iacovides, eds. 2011. Pafos 2017 Open Air Factory. Pafos: Municipality of Pafos.
- Hamdouch, A., C. Demaziere, and K. Banovac. 2017. “The Socio-Economic Profiles of Small and Medium-Sized Towns: Insights from European Case Studies: Profiles of Small and Medium-Sized Towns.” Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 108 (4): 456–471. doi.https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12254.
- Hiller, H. 2006. “Post-event Outcomes and the Post-Modern Turn: The Olympics and Urban Transformations.” European Sport Management Quarterly 6 (4): 317–332. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740601154458.
- Holmes, K., G. Nichols, and R. Ralston. 2018. “It’s a Once-in-a-Lifetime Experience and Opportunity- Deal with it! Volunteer Perceptions of the Management of the Volunteer Experience at the London 2012 Olympic Games.” Event Management 22 (3): 389–403. doi.https://doi.org/10.3727/152599518X15252895715050.
- Jancovich, L. 2017. “The Participation Myth.” International Journal of Cultural Policy 23 (1): 107–121. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2015.1027698.
- Jancovich, L., and L. Hansen. 2018. “Rethinking Participation in the Aarhus as European Capital of Culture 2017 Project.” Cultural Trends 27 (3): 173–186.
- Jones, Z. M., and D. Ponzini. 2018. “Mega-events and the Preservation of Urban Heritage: Literature Gaps, Potential Overlaps, and a Call for Further Research.” Journal of Planning Literature 33 (4): 433–450. doi.https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412218779603.
- Kassens-Noor, E. 2012. Planning Olympic Legacies: Transport Dreams and Urban Realities. London: Routledge.
- Kassens-Noor, E., and J. Lauermann. 2017. “How to Bid Better for the Olympics: A Participatory Mega-Event Planning Strategy for Local Legacies.” Journal of the American Planning Association 83 (4): 335–345. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2017.1361857.
- Kim, H., Y. Choe, D. Kim, and J. Kim. 2019. “For Sustainable Benefits and Legacies of Mega-Events: A Case Study of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics from the Perspective of the Volunteer Co-Creators.” Sustainability 11 (9): 2473. doi.https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092473.
- Knox, P., and H. Mayer. 2009. Small Town Sustainability. Economic, Social, and Environmental Innovation. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag AG.
- Lamberti, L., G. Noci, J. Guo, and S. Zhu. 2011. “Mega-events as Drivers of Community Participation in Developing Countries: The Case of Shanghai World Expo.” Tourism Management 32 (6): 1474–1483. doi.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.12.008.
- Landry, C. 2012. The Creative City: A Toolkit for Urban Innovators. London: Earthscan.
- Lauermann, J. 2019. “The Urban Politics of Mega-Events.” Environment and Society 10 (1): 48–62. doi.https://doi.org/10.3167/ares.2019.100104.
- Lauermann, J., and A. Vogelpohl. 2019. “Fast Activism: Resisting Mobile Policies.” Antipode 51 (4): 1231–1250. doi.https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12538.
- Lähdesmäki, T. 2011. “Celebration of Locality, Regionality, National Culture or Europeanness? Notions on Area-Based Identities in Pécs2010.” In Culture in/and Crisis, edited by L. I. Komlósi, and W. Coudenys, 122–137. Antwerp: University Network of the European Capitals of Culture.
- Leonardsen, D. 2007. “Planning of Mega Events: Experiences and Lessons.” Planning Theory & Practice 8 (1): 11–30. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/14649350601158105.
- Ma, S.-C., D. Egan, I. Rotherham, and S.-M. Ma. 2011. “A Framework for Monitoring During the Planning Stage for a Sports Mega-Event.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 19 (1): 79–96. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2010.502576.
- MacLean, J., and S. Hamm. 2007. “Motivation, Commitment, and Intentions of Volunteers at a Large Canadian Sporting Event.” Leisure/Loisir 31 (2): 523–556. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2007.9651394.
- Mavros, P. 2012, November 29. [The Germans return]. InBusiness. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.sigmalive.com/inbusiness/opinions/external/18887/oi-germanoi-ksanarxontai
- Müller, M. 2015. “The Mega-Event Syndrome: Why So Much Goes Wrong in Mega-Event Planning and What to Do About It.” Journal of the American Planning Association 81 (1): 6–17. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2015.1038292.
- Nanos, K. 2013, January. [The dispute over Paphos 2017 is intensifying with interceptions, threats and presidential elections]. Politis [Online]. Accessed October 20 2019. http://parathyro.politis.com.cy/2013/01/2017-5/
- Nanos, K. 2019, October 18. [An Independent Organization of Cultural Development in Pafos is Being Founded]. Politis [Online]. Accessed October 20 2019. https://politis.com.cy/politis-news/kypros/idryetai-anexartitos-foreas-politistikis-anaptyxis-stin-pafo/
- Nomisma. 2017, December 15. [Discussion at the Pafos House for Letters and Arts after Pafos 2017]. Nomisma.Com.Cy. Accessed October 20 2019. https://nomisma.com.cy/index.php?id=29890
- Pafos 2017 Volunteer Office. 2018. [Final Report for the Volunteer Program]. Unpublished manuscript.
- Pafos 2017 Working Group. 2012. Pafos 2017 Questions & Answers. Pafos: Municipality of Pafos.
- Pappas, N. 2014. “Hosting Mega Events: Londoners’ Support of the 2012 Olympics.” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 21: 10–17. doi.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2014.02.001.
- PCCI. 2010. [Annual Report 2010]. Pafos Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Accessed October 20 2019. https://pcci.org.cy/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/EBE_Etisia_Ek8esi_2010.pdf
- PCCI. 2017. [Annual Report 2017]. Pafos Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Accessed October 20 2019. https://pcci.org.cy/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/ETISIA-EKTHESI-FOR-WEB.pdf
- Phedonos, P. 2019, September 4. [Phedonos: The Management of T/C properties is still suffering]. Sigmalive.Com. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.sigmalive.com/news/opinions_sigmalive/562757/faidonos-i-diaxeirisi-ton-tk-periousion-eksakolouthei-na-pasxei
- Ramchandani, G., L. Davies, R. Coleman, S. Shibli, and J. Bingham. 2015. “Limited or Lasting Legacy? The Effect of non-Mega Sport Event Attendance on Participation.” European Sport Management Quarterly 15 (1): 93–110. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2014.996583.
- Santos, J., L. Vareiro, P. Remoaldo, and J. Cadima Ribeiro. 2017. “Cultural Mega-Events and the Enhancement of a City’s Image: Differences Between Engaged Participants and Attendees.” Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 9 (2): 129–151. doi.https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2016.1157598.
- Selection Panel. 2011. Designation of the European Capital of Culture 2017. Pre-Selection report. Accessed October 20 2019. https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/creative-europe/sites/creative-europe/files/files/ecoc-2017-preselection-report-cyprus_en.pdf
- Selection Panel. 2012. Selection of the European Capital of Culture for 2017 in Cyprus. Final Selection report. Accessed October 20 2019. https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/creative-europe/sites/creative-europe/files/files/ecoc-2017-panel-report-cyprus_en.pdf
- Servillo, L., R. Atkinson, and A. Hamdouch. 2017. “Small and Medium-Sized Towns in Europe: Conceptual, Methodological and Policy Issues.” Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie 108 (4): 365–379. doi.https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12252.
- Statistical Services. 2015. [Population Census 2011. V. I: General Population Characteristics, Immigration and Labour Force] (No. 21). Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Finance. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/index_en/index_en?OpenDocument
- Statistical Services. 2019. Cyprus in Figures. General Statistics (No. 24; Series II). Nicosia: Republic of Cyprus, Press and Information Office for the Statistical Service.
- Statistical Services. 2020a. [Tourism Statistics, 1999-2018]. Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Finance. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/index_en/index_en?OpenDocument
- Statistical Services. 2020b. Labor Force Survey. 1999-2019. Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Finance. Accessed October 20 2019. https://www.mof.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/index_en/index_en?OpenDocument
- Tommarchi, E., L. Hansen, and F. Bianchini. 2018. “Problematising the Question of Participation in Capitals of Culture.” Participations 15 (2): 154–169.
- Tsagkaridis, K. 2018. Anafora Apotelesmaton tis Dietous Ereunas tou Politistikou Barometrou (2016-2017) gia tis Epiptoseis tis Politistikis Proteuousas stin Pafo: Epidraseis stin Politistiki, Koinoniki kai Oikonomiki Anaptyksi [Report of the Findings of the two-Year Research of the Cultural Barometer (2016-2017) Regarding the Effects of the ECoC on Pafos’ Cultural and Socioeconomic Development]. Pafos: Pafos 2017 Organization - Neapolis University Pafos. Accessed October 20 2019. https://hephaestus.nup.ac.cy/handle/11728/10849
- Zeghni, S., and N. Fabry. 2019. “Why do Cities Withdraw from Hosting the Olympic Games?” In Hosting the Olympic Games. Uncertainty, Debates and Controversy, edited by P.-O. Schut, and M. Delaplace, 9–23. London: Routledge.