160
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A multilevel approach to firm interrelationships across European regions

, &
Pages 781-800 | Received 20 Jun 2022, Accepted 12 Jun 2023, Published online: 27 Jun 2023

References

  • Abdallah, W., M. Goergen, and N. O'Sullivan. 2015. “Endogeneity: How Failure to Correct for it Can Cause Wrong Inferences and Some Remedies.” British Journal of Management 26:791–804. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12113.
  • Acs, Z. J., C. Armington, and T. Zhang. 2007. “The Determinants of New-firm Survival Across Regional Economies: The Role of Human Capital Stock and Knowledge Spillover.” Papers in Regional Science 86:367–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2007.00129.x.
  • Alamá Sabater, L., A. Artal-Tur, and J. M. Navarro Azorín. 2011. “Industrial Location, Spatial Discrete Choice Models and the Need to Account for Neighbourhood Effects.” Annals of Regional Science 47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-010-0383-7.
  • Albiol, J. 2014. “The Significance of Business Exit for Future Entrepreneurial Activity.” Econ Papers. http://hdl.handle.net/2072/238221.
  • Aldrich, H. E., G. M. Hodgson, D. L. Hull, T. Knudsen, J. Mokyr, and V. J. Vanberg. 2008. “In Defence of Generalized Darwinism.” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 18:577–596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-008-0110-z.
  • Aldrich, H. E., and G. Wiedenmayer. 2019. “From Traits to Rates: An Ecological Perspective on Organizational Foundings.” In Seminal Ideas for the Next Twenty-five Years of Advances. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1074-754020190000021010.
  • Arcuri, G., M. Brunetto, and N. Levratto. 2019. “Spatial Patterns and Determinants of Firm Exit: An Empirical Analysis on France.” The Annals of Regional Science 62:99–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-018-0887-0.
  • Audretsch, D. B. 1995. Innovation and Industry Evolution. London: Mit Press.
  • Audretsch, D. B., and M. Belitski. 2017. “Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Cities: Establishing the Framework Conditions.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 42:1030–1051. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-016-9473-8.
  • Audretsch, D. B., M. Belitski, and S. Desai. 2019. “National Business Regulations and City Entrepreneurship in Europe: A Multilevel Nested Analysis.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 43:1148–1165. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258718774916.
  • Audretsch, D., O. Falck, and S. Heblich. 2011. “Who’s Got the Aces Up his Sleeve? Functional Specialization of Cities and Entrepreneurship.” The Annals of Regional Science 46:621–636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-009-0353-0.
  • Audretsch, D. B., M. Hülsbeck, and E. E. Lehmann. 2012. “Regional Competitiveness, University Spillovers, and Entrepreneurial Activity.” Small Business Economics 39:587–601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9332-9.
  • Audretsch, D. B., and T. Mahmood. 1994. “Firm Selection and Industry Evolution: The Post-entry Performance of New Firms.” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 4:243–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01236371.
  • Austin, J. S., and D. I. Rosenbaum. 1990. “The Determinants of Entry and Exit Rates into US Manufacturing Industries.” Review of Industrial Organization 5:211–223. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229762.
  • Ayob, A. H. 2019. “Entrepreneurship Education, Institutions and Student Entrepreneurship: A Cross-country Analysis.” Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education 0305-7925:745–763. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2019.1673701.
  • Baptista, R., M. Karaöz, and J. Mendonça. 2014. “The Impact of Human Capital on the Early Success of Necessity Versus Opportunity-based Entrepreneurs.” Small Business Economics 42:831–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9502-z.
  • Bartik, T. J. 1989. “Small Business Start-ups in the United States: Estimates of the Effects of Characteristics of States.” Southern Economic Journal 55:1004–1018. https://doi.org/10.2307/1059479.
  • Bartoloni, E., A. Arrighetti, and F. Landini. 2020. “Recession and Firm Survival: Is Selection Based on Cleansing or Skill Accumulation?” Small Business Economics, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2017.07.002.
  • Basile, R., R. Pittiglio, and F. Reganati. 2017. “Do Agglomeration Externalities Affect Firm Survival?” Regional Studies 51:548–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1114175.
  • BE. 2020. “Business Europe – The New EU SME Strategy: 50 Actions to Make it Work.”
  • Beesley, M. E., and R. T. Hamilton. 1984. “Small Firms’ Seedbed Role and the Concept of Turbulence.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 33:217–231. https://doi.org/10.2307/2098510.
  • Bhave, M. P. 1994. “A Process Model of Entrepreneurial Venture Creation.” Journal of Business Venturing 9:223–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(94)90031-0.
  • Bishop, P. 2012. “Knowledge, Diversity and Entrepreneurship: A Spatial Analysis of new Firm Formation in Great Britain.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24:641–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2011.617786.
  • Bishop, P. 2019. “Knowledge Diversity and Entrepreneurship Following an Economic Crisis: An Empirical Study of Regional Resilience in Great Britain.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 31:496–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2018.1541595.
  • Block, J. H., K. Kohn, D. Miller, and K. Ullrich. 2015. “Necessity Entrepreneurship and Competitive Strategy.” Small Business Economics 44:37–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9589-x.
  • Bosma, N., M. Sanders, and E. Stam. 2018. “Institutions, Entrepreneurship, and Economic Growth in Europe.” Small Business Economics 51:483–499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0012-x.
  • Bottasso, A., M. Conti, and G. Sulis. 2017. “Firm Dynamics and Employment Protection: Evidence from Sectoral Data.” Labour Economics 48:35–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2017.05.013.
  • Breznitz, S. M., and Q. Zhang. 2022. “Entrepreneurship Education and Firm Creation.” Regional Studies 56:940–955. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1878127.
  • Brixy, U. 2014. “The Significance of Entry and Exit for Regional Productivity Growth.” Regional Studies 48:1051–1070. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2014.895804.
  • Brown, J. P., D. M. Lambert, and R. J. Florax. 2013. “The Birth, Death, and Persistence of Firms: Creative Destruction and the Spatial Distribution of US Manufacturing Establishments, 2000–2006.” Economic Geography 89:203–226. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecge.12014.
  • Brown, R., and C. Mason. 2017. “Looking Inside the Spiky Bits: A Critical Review and Conceptualisation of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems.” Small Business Economics 49:11–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9865-7.
  • Bruce, D., and J. Deskins. 2012. “Can State tax Policies be Used to Promote Entrepreneurial Activity?” Small Business Economics 38:375–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-010-9262-y.
  • Calá, C. D., M. Manjón-Antolín, and J. M. Arauzo-Carod. 2016. “Regional Determinants of Firm Entry in a Developing Country.” Papers in Regional Science 95:259–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12128.
  • Carree, M., and M. Dejardin. 2020. “Firm Entry and Exit in Local Markets: ‘Market Pull’ or ‘Unemployment Push’ Effects, or Both?” International Review of Entrepreneurship 18:371–386. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-03220690.
  • Carree, M. A., I. Verheul, and E. Santarelli. 2011. “Sectoral Patterns of Firm Exit in Italian Provinces.” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 21:499–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-010-0191-3.
  • Carreira, C., and P. Teixeira. 2011. “Entry and Exit as a Source of Aggregate Productivity Growth in Two Alternative Technological Regimes.” Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 22:135–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2011.01.001.
  • Cefis, E., F. Malerba, O. Marsili, and L. Orsenigo. 2020. “Time to Exit: ‘Revolving Door Effect’ or ‘Schumpeterian Gale of Creative Destruction’?” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 31:1–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-020-00701-8.
  • Celbiş, M. G. 2021. “A Machine Learning Approach to Rural Entrepreneurship.” Papers in Regional Science 100:1079–1104. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12595.
  • Charron, N., V. Lapuente, and M. Bauhr. 2021. “Sub-national Quality of Government in EU Member States: Presenting the 2021 European Quality of Government Index and its relationship with Covid-19 Indicators.” The Quality of Government Institute, Working Paper Series 2021:4.
  • Cheratian, I., A. Golpe, S. Goltabar, and J. Iglesias. 2019. “The Unemployment-entrepreneurship Nexus: New Evidence from 30 Iranian Provinces.” International Journal of Emerging Markets 15:469–489. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-02-2019-0084.
  • Colombelli, A., and F. Quatraro. 2018. “New Firm Formation and Regional Knowledge Production Modes: Italian Evidence.” Research Policy 47:139–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.10.006.
  • Content, J., K. Frenken, and J. A. Jordaan. 2019. “Does Related Variety Foster Regional Entrepreneurship? Evidence from European Regions.” Regional Studies 53:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2019.1595565.
  • Crowley, F., J. Doran, and P. McCann. 2021. “The Vulnerability of European Regional Labour Markets to Job Automation: The Role of Agglomeration Externalities.” Regional Studies 55:1711–1723. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1928041.
  • Cumming, D., and S. Johan. 2019. “Government Venture Capital Research: Fake Science and bad Public Policy.” Venture Capital 21:121–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2018.1558508.
  • Cumming, D., S. Johan, and J. G. MacIntosh. 2017. “A Drop in an Empty Pond: Canadian Public Policy towards Venture Capital.” Economia e Politica Industriale 44:103–117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-016-0063-4.
  • Cumming, D., and D. Li. 2013. “Public Policy, Entrepreneurship, and Venture Capital in the United States.” Journal of Corporate Finance 23:345–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.09.005.
  • Darooghe Arefi, N., H. Bahrololoum, R. Andam, and A. A. Hasani. 2022. “Identifying and Analysing Factors Affecting Rough Set Theory-Based Iranian Sports Entrepreneurship Ecosystem.” Sports Business Journal 2:229–248. https://doi.org/10.22051/sbj.2022.41960.1056.
  • Dejardin, M. 2004. “Sectoral and Cross-sectoral Effects of Retailing Firm Demographies.” The Annals of Regional Science 38:311–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-004-0197-6.
  • del Olmo-García, F., F. Crecente-Romero, and M. T. del Val-Núñez. 2019. “Dynamic Analysis of Business Demography Strategy: An European Perspective.” Journal of Small Business Strategy 29:16–29. https://libjournals.mtsu.edu/index.php/jsbs/article/view/1355.
  • Doran, J., N. McCarthy, and M. O’Connor. 2016. “Entrepreneurship and Employment Growth across European Regions.” Regional Studies, Regional Science 3:121–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2015.1135406.
  • Dou, W. W., Y. Ji, and W. Wu. 2021. “Competition, Profitability, and Discount Rates.” Journal of Financial Economics 140:582–620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2020.12.013.
  • Douma, S., and H. Schreuder. 2013. Economic Approaches to Organizations”. London: Pearson.
  • Duvivier, C., E. Cazou, S. Truchet-Aznar, C. Brunelle, and J. Dubé. 2021. “When, Where, and for What Industries does Broadband Foster Establishment Births?” Papers in Regional Science 100:1377–1401. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12626.
  • Ebert, T., T. Brenner, and U. Brixy. 2019. “New Firm Survival: The Interdependence between Regional Externalities and Innovativeness.” Small Business Economics 53:287–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0026-4.
  • EC. 2014. National/Regional Innovation Startegies for Smart Specilisation (RIS3): Coehesion Policy 2014–2020. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/informat/2014/smart_specialisation_en.pdf.
  • EC. 2020a. Smart Specilaisation Strategey (S3): A Policy Brief from the Policy Learning Platform on Research and innovation. https://www.interregeurope.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/plp_uploads/policy_briefs/Smart_Specialisation_Strategy__S3__-_Policy_Brief.pdf.
  • EC. 2020b. SME Competitiveness. Accessed November 12, 2020. https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/en/policy/themes/sme-competitiveness/.
  • EI. 2021. Leading in a Changing World. Strategy 2022–2024. https://strategy2022.enterprise-ireland.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Leading-in-a-changing-world-Strategy-2022-2024.pdf.
  • Eurostat 2019. Business demography data. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/structural-business-statistics/business-demography. Eurostat Online Database.
  • EU. 2021. European Regional Development Fund and on the Cohesion Fund. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32021R1058&from=EN
  • Felan, J. T., J. R. Bell, S. Upadhyay, and V. L. Johnson. 2021. “Economic Factors and the Kauffman Startup Activity Index.” Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship 23:197–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-11-2019-0085.
  • Fritsch, M., and F. Noseleit. 2013. “Start-ups, Long-and Short-term Survivors, and their Contribution to Employment Growth.” Journal of Evolutionary Economics 23:719–733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-012-0301-5.
  • Gajewski, P., and A. M. Kutan. 2018. “Determinants and Economic Effects of New Firm Creation: Evidence from Polish Regions.” Eastern European Economics 56:201–222. https://doi.org/10.1080/00128775.2018.1442226.
  • Geroski, P. A., J. Mata, and P. Portugal. 2010. “Founding Conditions and the Survival of new Firms.” Strategic Management Journal 31:510–529. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.823.
  • Hamilton, L. C. 2013. “Multilevel and Mixed-effects Modeling.” Statistics with STATA: Updated for Version 10:387–421.
  • Harrison, B., and S. Kanter. 1978. “The Political Economy of States’ Job-creation Business Incentives.” Journal of the American Institute of Planners 44:424–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944367808976921.
  • Hausmann, R., and D. Rodrik. 2006. Doomed to Choose: Industrial Policy as Predicament. John F. Kennedy School of Government, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University.
  • Hundt, C., and R. Sternberg. 2016. “Explaining New Firm Creation in Europe from a Spatial and Time Perspective: A Multilevel Analysis Based upon Data of Individuals, Regions and Countries.” Papers in Regional Science 95:223–257. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12133.
  • Johnson, P. 2004. “Differences in Regional Firm Formation Rates: A Decomposition Analysis.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 28:431–446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2004.00056.x.
  • Johnson, P., and S. Parker. 1994. “The Interrelationships between Births and Deaths.” Small Business Economics 6:283–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01108395.
  • Johnson, P., and S. Parker. 1996. “Spatial Variations in the Determinants and Effects of Firm Births and Deaths.” Regional Studies 30:679–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409612331349968.
  • Jovanovic, B. 1982. “Selection and the Evolution of Industry.” Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society 50:649–670. https://doi.org/10.2307/1912606.
  • Kangasharju, A., and A. Moisio. 1998. “Births-deaths Nexus of Firms: Estimating VAR with Panel Data.” Small Business Economics 11:303–313. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008061813017.
  • Kim, Y., W. Kim, and T. Yang. 2012. “The Effect of the Triple Helix System and Habitat on Regional Entrepreneurship: Empirical Evidence from the US.” Research Policy 41:154–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.08.003.
  • Koster, S., and A. van Stel. 2014. “The Relationship between Start-ups, Market Mobility and Employment Growth: An Empirical Analysis for Dutch Regions.” Papers in Regional Science 93:203–217. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12000.
  • Lander, M. W., and P. P. Heugens. 2017. “Better Together: Using Meta-analysis to Explore Complementarities between Ecological and Institutional Theories of Organization.” Organization Studies 38:1573–1601. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840616677629.
  • Laranja, M. 2022. “Translating Smart Specialisation and Entrepreneurial Discovery into a Process-oriented Policy.” Regional Studies 56:853–865. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1959028.
  • Lu, W.-C., J.-R. Chen, and Y.-T. Huang. 2008. “Dynamic Interrelation of Births and Deaths: Evidence from Plant Level Data.” Economics Bulletin 12:1–7. http://economicsbulletin.vanderbilt.edu/2008/volume12/EB-07L00018A.pdf.
  • Manjón-Antolín, M. C., and J.-M. Arauzo-Carod. 2008. “Firm Survival: Methods and Evidence.” Empirica 35:1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-007-9048-x.
  • Marin, G., and M. Modica. 2021. “Local Demand Shocks and Firms’ Survival: An Application to the Italian Economy during the Great Recession.” Papers in Regional Science 100:745–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12587.
  • Marshall, A. 1890. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan.
  • Moffatt, P. G. 2015. Experimetrics: Econometrics for Experimental Economics. London: Macmillan International Higher Education.
  • Muzi, S., F. Jolevski, K. Ueda, and D. Viganola. 2022. “Productivity and Firm Exit During the COVID-19 Crisis: Cross-country Evidence.” Small Business Economics 60:1–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-022-00675-w.
  • Neumann, T. 2021. “The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Economic, Social and Environmental Welfare and its Determinants: A Systematic Review.” Management Review Quarterly 71:553–584. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00193-7.
  • North, D. C. 1990. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge, England: Cambridge university press.
  • Nyström, K. 2007. “Interdependencies in the Dynamics of Firm Entry and Exit.” Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 7:113–130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10842-006-0027-x.
  • OECD. 2020. OECD Business Demography Statistics. https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SSIS_BSC_ISIC4
  • O’Leary, D. 2022. “Unemployment and Entrepreneurship across High-, Middle- and Low-performing European Regions.” Regional Studies, Regional Science 9:571–580. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2022.2118072.
  • O’Leary, D., J. Doran, and B. Power. 2023. “Urbanisation, Concentration and Diversification as Determinants of Firm Births and Deaths.” Regional Studies, Regional Science 10:506–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2023.2204143.
  • Pe'er, A., and I. Vertinsky. 2008. “Firm Exits as a Determinant of New Entry: Is there Evidence of Local Creative Destruction?” Journal of Business Venturing 23:280–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2007.02.002.
  • Power, B., J. Doran, and G. Ryan. 2019. “The Effect of Agglomeration Economies on Firm Deaths: A Comparison of Firm and Regional Based Approaches.” Urban Studies 56:3358–3374. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098018817428.
  • Qian, H., Z. J. Acs, and R. R. Stough. 2013. “Regional Systems of Entrepreneurship: The Nexus of Human Capital, Knowledge and New Firm Formation.” Journal of Economic Geography 13:559–587. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbab021.
  • Renski, H. 2015. “Externalities or Experience? Localization Economies and Start-up Business Survival.” Growth and Change 46:458–480. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12099.
  • Resende, M., E. P. Ribeiro, and R. Zeidan. 2015. “Dynamic Entry and Exit Linkages in the Brazilian Manufacturing Industry: An Econometric Investigation.” International Journal of the Economics of Business 22:379–392. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2015.1009684.
  • Reynolds, P. D. 1991. “Strategies for Cross-national Comparisons: Matching Research Issues and Analysis Objectives.” Small Business Economics 3:245–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01840607.
  • Saridakis, G., M. A. Mendoza, R. I. M. Torres, and J. Glover. 2016. “The Relationship between Self-employment and Unemployment in the Long-run: A Panel Cointegration Approach Allowing for Breaks.” Journal of Economic Studies 43 (3):358–379. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-11-2013-0169.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. 1942. Socialism, capitalism and democracy, London and New York, Harper and Brothers.
  • Spigel, B. 2016. “Developing and Governing Entrepreneurial Ecosystems: The Structure of Entrepreneurial Support Programs in Edinburgh, Scotland.” International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development 7:141–160. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJIRD.2016.077889.
  • Spigel, B. 2017. “The Relational Organization of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 41:49–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12167.
  • Stayton, J., and V. Mangematin. 2016. “Startup Time, Innovation and Organizational Emergence: A Study of USA-based International Technology Ventures.” Journal of International Entrepreneurship 14:373–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-016-0183-y.
  • Stinchcombe, A. L. 1965. “Social Structure and Organizations.” In Handbook of Organizations edited by March, J. P., 142–193. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
  • Sutaria, V., and D. A. Hicks. 2004. “New Firm Formation: Dynamics and Determinants.” The Annals of Regional Science 38:241–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-004-0194-9.
  • Terjesen, S., J. Hessels, and D. Li. 2016. “Comparative International Entrepreneurship: A Review and Research Agenda.” Journal of Management 42:299–344. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313486259.
  • Tian, C. 2018. “Firm-level Entry and Exit Dynamics Over the Business Cycles.” European Economic Review 102:298–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2017.12.011.
  • Tuszynski, M. P., and D. Stansel. 2018. “Targeted State Economic Development Incentives and Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 7:235–247. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-D-18-00033.
  • Wixe, S., and M. Andersson. 2017. “Which Types of Relatedness Matter in Regional Growth? Industry, Occupation and Education.” Regional Studies 51:523–536. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2015.1112369.
  • Wright, M., D. S. Siegel, and P. Mustar. 2017. “An Emerging Ecosystem for Student Start-ups.” The Journal of Technology Transfer 42:909–922. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-017-9558-z.
  • Yang, S., R. Kher, and T. S. Lyons. 2018. “Where do Accelerators Fit in the Venture Creation Pipeline? Different Values Brought by Different Types of Accelerators.” Entrepreneurship Research Journal 8. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2017-0140.
  • Zikou, E., N. Varsakelis, and A. K. Sarri. 2017. “Does Public Sector Crowd Out Entrepreneurship? Evidence from the EU Regions.” International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 24:866–881. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-03-2017-0100.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.