Searching for the sequential line-up advantage: A distinctiveness explanation

REFERENCES

• Anderson , N. D. , Craik , F. I. , & Naveh-Benjamin , M. 1998 . The attentional demands of encoding and retrieval of younger and older adults: Evidence from divided attention costs . Psychology & Aging , 13 , 405 – 423 . doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.13.3.405
   Google Scholar
• Bartlett , J. C. , Hurry , S. and Thorley , W. 1984 . Typicality and familiarity of faces . Memory & Cognition , 12 : 219 – 228 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt , K. R. , Macrae , C. N. , Schloerscheidt , A. M. , & Milne , A. B. 2003 . Remembering or knowing others? Person recognition and recollective experience . Memory , 11 , 89 – 100 . doi: 10.1080/741938169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brigham , J. C. 1990 . Target person distinctiveness and attractiveness as moderator variables in the confidence–accuracy relationship in eyewitness identifications . Basic and Applied Social Psychology , 11 , 101 – 115 . doi: 10.1207/s15324834basp1101_7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , C. A. , Gronlund , S. D. , & Clark , S. E. 2008 . Line-up composition, suspect position and the sequential line-up advantage . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , 14 , 118 – 128 . doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.14.2.118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charman , S. and Wells , G. L. 2007 . “ Applied line-up theory ” . In The handbook of eyewitness psychology, Vol II: Memory for people , Edited by: Lindsay , R. C. L. , Ross , D. F. , Read , J. D. and Toglia , M. P. 219 – 254 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Clark , S. E. 2003 . A memory and decision model for eyewitness identification . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 17 , 629 – 654 . doi: 10.1002/acp.891
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , S. E. , & Godfrey , R. D. 2009 . Eyewitness identification evidence and innocence risk . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 16 , 22 – 42 . doi: 10.3758/PBR.16.1.22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , S. E. , Howell , R. T. , & Davey S. L. 2008 . Regularities in eyewitness identification . Law and Human Behavior , 32 , 187 – 218 . doi: 10.1007/s10979-006-9082-4
   Google Scholar
• Cohn , M. , Emrich , S. M. , & Moscovitch , M. 2008 . Age-related deficits in associative memory: The influence of impaired strategic retrieval . Psychology and Aging , 23 , 93 – 103 . doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.93
   Google Scholar
• Cutler , B. L. , & Penrod , S. D. 1988 . Improving the reliability of eyewitness identification: Line-up construction and presentation . Journal of Applied Psychology , 73 , 281 – 290 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.73.2.281
   Google Scholar
• Dysart , J. E. 1999 . The effects of delay on eyewitness identification accuracy (Unpublished Master's thesis) Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario, , Canada .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbesen , E. B. , & Flowe , H. D. 2002 . Simultaneous v. sequential line-ups: What do we really know? Retrieved 19 August 2008, from http://www.psy.ucsd.edu/∼eebbesen/SimSeq.htm
   Google Scholar
• Flowe , H. D. , & Ebbesen , E. B. 2007 . The effect of line-up member similarity on recognition accuracy in simultaneous and sequential line-ups . Law & Human Behavior , 31 , 33 – 52 . doi: 10.1007/s10979-006-9045-9
   Google Scholar
• Gardiner , J. M. , & Richardson-Klavehn , A. 2000 . Remembering and knowing . In E. E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik , The Oxford handbook of memory pp. 229 – 244 . New York, NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goodsell , C. A. , Gronlund , S. D. , & Carlson , C. A. 2010 . Exploring the sequential line-up advantage using WITNESS . Law & Human Behavior , ??, ???–??? . doi: 10.1007/s10979-009-9215-7
   Google Scholar
• Gronlund , S. D. 2005 . Sequential line-up advantage: Contributions of distinctiveness and recollection . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 19 , 23 – 37 . doi: 10.1002/acp.1047
   Google Scholar
• Gronlund , S. D. , Carlson , C. A. , Dailey , S. B. , & Goodsell , C. A. 2009 . Robustness of the sequential line-up advantage . Journal of Experimental Psychology : Applied , 15 , 140 – 152 . doi: 10.1037/a0015082
   Google Scholar
• Gruppuso , V. , Lindsay , D. S. , & Kelley , C. M. 1997 . The process-dissociation procedure and similarity: Defining and estimating recollection and familiarity in recognition memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition , 23 , 259 – 278 . doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.23.2.259
   Google Scholar
• Hunt , R. R. 2003 . Two contributions of distinctive processing to accurate memory . Journal of Memory and Language , 48 , 811 – 825 . doi: 10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00018-4
   Google Scholar
• IQ Biometrix . 2003 . FACES, the Ultimate Composite Picture (Version 4.0) [computer software]. Fremont , CA : IQ Biometrix .
   Google Scholar
• Jacoby , L. L. 1991 . A process dissociation framework: Separating automatic from intentional uses of memory . Journal of Memory & Language , 30 , 513 – 541 . doi: 10.1016/0749-596X(91)90025-F
   Google Scholar
• Jennings , J. M. , & Jacoby , L. L. 1997 . An opposition procedure for detecting age-related deficits in recollection: Telling effects of repetition . Psychology & Aging , 12 , 352 – 361 . doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.12.2.352
   Google Scholar
• Jonsson , P. 2007 , February 6 . The police line-up is becoming suspect practice . Christian Science Monitor . Retrieved from http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0206/p01s02-usju.htm
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , & Bellinger , K. 1999 . Alternatives to the sequential line-up: The importance of controlling the pictures . Journal of Applied Psychology , 84 , 315 – 321 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.84.3.315
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , Lea , J. A. , & Fulford , J. A. 1991 . Sequential line-up presentation: Technique matters . Journal of Applied Psychology , 76 , 741 – 745 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.76.5.741
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , Lea , J. A. , Nosworthy , G. J. , Fulford , J. A. , Hector , J. , LeVan , V. , & Seabrook , C. 1991 . Biased line-ups: Sequential presentation reduces the problem . Journal of Applied Psychology , 76 , 796 – 802 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.76.6.796
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , Mansour , J. K. , Beaudry , J. L. , Leach , A. , & Bertrand , M. I. 2009 . Sequential line-up presentation: Patterns and policy . Legal and Criminological Psychology , 14 , 13 – 24 . doi: 10.1348/135532508X382708
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , Martin , R. , & Webber , L. 1994 . Default values in eyewitness descriptions: A problem for the match-to-description line-up foil selection strategy . Law and Human Behavior , 18 , 527 – 541 . doi: 10.1007/BF01499172
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , Pozzulo , J. , Craig , W. , Lee , K. , & Corber , S. 1997 . Simultaneous line-ups, sequential line-ups, and showups: Eyewitness identification decisions of adults and children . Law and Human Behavior , 21 , 391 – 402 . doi: 10.1023/A:1024807202926
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay , R. C. L. , & Wells , G. L. 1985 . Improving eyewitness identifications from line-ups: Simultaneous versus sequential line-ups presentations . Journal of Applied Psychology , 70 , 556 – 564 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.70.3.556
   Google Scholar
• Malpass , R. S. 1981 . Effective size and defendant bias in eyewitness identification line-ups . Law and Human Behavior , 5 , 299 – 309 . doi: 10.1007/BF01044945
   Google Scholar
• Mäntylä , T. 1997 . Recollections of faces: Remembering differences and knowing similarities . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition , 23 , 1203 – 1216 . doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.23.5.1203
   Google Scholar
• McQuiston-Surrett , D. E. , Malpass , R. S. , & Tredoux , C. G. 2006 . Sequential vs. simultaneous line-ups: A review of methods, data, and theory . Psychology, Public Policy & Law , 12 , 137 – 169 . doi: 10.1080/10683160500254904
   Google Scholar
• Meissner , C. A. , Tredoux , C. G. , Parker , J. F. and MacLin , O. H. 2005 . Eyewitness decisions in simultaneous and sequential line-ups: A dual-process signal detection theory analysis . Memory & Cognition , 33 : 783 – 792 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melara , R. D. , Dewitt-Rickards , T. L. and O'Brien , T. P. 1989 . Enhancing line-up identification accuracy: Two codes are better than one . Journal of Applied Psychology , 74 : 706 – 713 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker , J. F. , & Ryan , V. 1993 . An attempt to reduce guessing behavior in children's and adults’ eyewitness identifications . Law and Human Behavior , 17 , 11 – 26 . doi: 10.1007/BF01044534
   Google Scholar
• Phillips , M. R. , McAuliff , B. D. , Bull Kovera , M. , & Cutler , B. 1999 . Double-blind photoarray administration as a safeguard against investigator bias . Journal of Applied Psychology , 84 , 940 – 951 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.84.6.940
   Google Scholar
• Rotello , C. M. 2001 . “ Recall processes in recognition memory ” . In The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory , Edited by: Medin , D. L. Vol. 40 , 183 – 221 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rotello , C. M. , & Heit , E. 2000 . Associative recognition: A case of recall-to-reject processing . Memory & Cognition , 28 , 907 – 922 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider , W. , Eschman , A. and Zuccolotto , A. 2002 . E-Prime user's guide , Pittsburgh, PA : Psychology Software Tools .
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro , P. N. , & Penrod , S. 1986 . Meta-analysis of facial identification studies . Psychological Bulletin , 100 , 139 – 156 . doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.100.2.139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sporer , S. L. 1993 . Eyewitness identification accuracy, confidence, and decision times in simultaneous and sequential line-ups . Journal of Applied Psychology , 78 , 22 – 33 . doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.22
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steblay , N. M. , Dysart , J. , Fulero , S. , & Lindsay , R. C. L. 2001 . Eyewitness accuracy rates in sequential and simultaneous line-up presentations: A meta-analytic comparison . Law & Human Behavior , 25 , 459 – 474 . doi: 10.1023/A:1012888715007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tredoux , C. G. 1998 . Statistical inference on measures of line-up fairness . Law and Human Behavior , 22 , 217 – 237 . doi: 10.1023/A:1025746220886
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tulving , E. 1985 . Memory and consciousness . Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne , 26 , 1 – 12 . doi: 10.1037/h0080017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tunnicliff , J. L. , & Clark , S. E. 2000 . Selecting foils for identification line-ups: Matching suspects or descriptions? Law and Human Behavior , 24 , 231 – 258 . doi: 10.1023/A:1005463020252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentine , T. 1991 . A unified account of the effects of distinctiveness, inversion, and race in face recognition . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology , 43 , 161 – 204 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wells , G. L. 1978 . Applied eyewitness testimony research: System variables and estimator variables . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 , 1546 – 1557 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.36.12.1546
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , G. L. , Memon , A. , & Penrod , S. D. 2006 . Eyewitness evidence: Improving its probative value . Psychological Science in the Public Interest , 7 , 45 – 75 . doi: 10.1111/j.1529-1006.2006.00027.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilcock , R. A. , Bull , R. , & Vrij , A. 2005 . Aiding the performance of older eyewitnesses: Enhanced non-biased line-up instructions and line-up presentation . Psychiatry, Psychology and Law , 12 , 129 – 140 . doi: 10.1375/pplt.2005.12.1.129
   Google Scholar
• Yarmey , A. D. , & Morris , S. 1998 . The effects of discussion on eyewitness memory . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 28 , 1637 – 1648 . doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01693.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yonelinas , A. P. 2002 . The nature of recollection and familiarity: A review of 30 years of research . Journal of Memory & Language , 46 , 441 – 517 . doi: 10.1006/jmla.2002.2864
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yovel , G. , & Paller , K. A. 2004 . The neural basis of the butcher-on-the-bus phenomenon: When a face seems familiar but is not remembered . NeuroImage , 21 , 789 – 800 . doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarkadi , T. , Wade , K. A. , & Stewart , N. 2009 . Creating fair line-ups for suspects with distinctive features . Psychologial Science , 20 , 1448 – 1453 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02463.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar