528
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Retrieval-induced forgetting deficits in high anxious individuals

Pages 794-802 | Received 19 Dec 2011, Accepted 25 May 2012, Published online: 21 Aug 2012

REFERENCES

  • Amir , N. , Coles , M. E. , Brigidi , B. and Foa , E. B. 2001 . The effect of practice on recall of emotional information in individuals with generalized social phobia . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 110 : 76 – 82 .
  • Anderson , M. C. , Bjork , R. A. and Bjork , E. L. 1994 . Remembering can cause forgetting: Retrieval dynamics in long-term memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 20 : 1063 – 1087 .
  • Anderson , M. C. , Green , C. and McCulloch , K. C. 2000 . Similarity and inhibition in long-term memory: Evidence for a two-factor model . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 26 : 1141 – 1159 .
  • Anderson , M. C. , & Levy , B. J. 2007 . Theoretical issues in inhibition: Insights from research on human memory . In D. Gorfein & C. MacLeod , Inhibition in cognition (pp. 81 – 103 ). Washington , DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Anderson , M. C. and Spellman , B. A. 1995 . On the status of inhibitory mechanisms in cognition: Memory retrieval as a model case . Psychological Review , 102 : 68 – 100 .
  • Anderson , N. H. 1968 . Likableness ratings of 555 personality trait words . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 9 : 272 – 279 .
  • Barnier , A. J. , Hung , L. and Conway , M. A. 2004 . Retrieval-induced forgetting of emotional and unemotional autobiographical memories . Cognition and Emotion , 18 : 457 – 477 .
  • Bäuml , K.-H. and Kuhbandner , C. 2009 . Positive moods can eliminate intentional forgetting . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 16 : 93 – 98 .
  • Beck , A. T. and Clark , D. A. 1997 . An information processing model of anxiety: Automatic and strategic processes . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 49 – 58 .
  • Beck , J. G. , Stanley , M. A. , Averill , P. M. , Baldwin , L. E. and Deagle , E. A. 1992 . Attention and memory for threat in panic disorder . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 30 : 619 – 629 .
  • Becker , E. , Rinck , M. and Margraf , J. 1994 . Memory bias in panic disorder . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 103 : 396 – 399 .
  • Becker , E. S. , Roth , W. T. , Andrich , M. and Margraf , J. 1999 . Explicit memory in anxiety disorders . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 108 : 153 – 163 .
  • Blix , I. , & Brennen , T. 2012 . Retrieval-induced forgetting after trauma: A study with victims of sexual assault . Cognition and Emotion , 26 , 321 – 331 .
  • Bower , G. H. 1981 . Mood and memory . The American Psychologist , 36 : 129 – 148 .
  • Clark , D. M. 1999 . Anxiety disorders: Why they persist and how to treat them . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 37 ( Suppl. 1 ) : S5 – S27 .
  • Dalgleish , T. 1994 . The relationship between anxiety and memory biases for material that has been selectively processed in a prior task . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 32 : 227 – 231 .
  • Dehli , L. and Brennen , T. 2009 . Does retrieval-induced forgetting occur for emotional stimuli? . Cognition and Emotion , 23 : 1056 – 1068 .
  • Eysenck , M. W. 2004 . Applied cognitive psychology: Implications of cognitive psychology for clinical psychology and psychotherapy . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 60 : 393 – 404 .
  • Fawcett , J. M. and Taylor , T. L. 2008 . Forgetting is effortful: Evidence from reaction time probes in an item-method directed forgetting task . Memory and Cognition , 36 : 1168 – 1181 .
  • Foa , E. B. and Kozak , M. J. 1986 . Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information . Psychological Bulletin , 99 : 20 – 35 .
  • Groome , D. and Sterkaj , F. 2010 . Retrieval-induced forgetting and clinical depression . Cognition and Emotion , 24 : 63 – 70 .
  • Kuhbandner , C. , Bäuml , K.-H. and Stiedl , F. C. 2009 . Retrieval-induced forgetting of negative stimuli: The role of emotional intensity . Cognition and Emotion , 23 : 817 – 830 .
  • Law , R. , Groome , D. , Thorne , L. , Potts , R. , & Buchanan , T. ( in press ). The relationship between retrieval-induced forgetting, anxiety, and personality . Anxiety, Stress, and Coping .
  • Liang , C.-W. , Hsu , W.-Y. , Hung , F.-C. , Wang , W.-T. and Lin , C.-H. 2011 . Absence of a positive bias in social anxiety: The application of a directed forgetting paradigm . Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry , 42 : 204 – 210 .
  • Lundh , L.-G. , Czyzykow , S. and Ost , L.-G. 1997 . Explicit and implicit memory bias in panic disorder with agoraphobia . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 1003 – 1014 .
  • MacLeod , M. D. and Saunders , J. 2005 . The role of inhibitory control in the production of misinformation effects . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 31 : 964 – 979 .
  • Macrae , C. N. and Roseveare , T. 2002 . I was always on my mind: The self and temporary forgetting . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 9 : 611 – 614 .
  • Mathews , A. , Mogg , K. , May , J. and Eysenck , M. 1989 . Implicit and explicit memory bias in anxiety . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 98 : 236 – 240 .
  • Mitte , K. 2008 . Memory bias for threatening information in anxiety and anxiety disorders: A meta-analytic review . Psychological Bulletin , 134 : 886 – 911 .
  • Mogg , K. , Bradley , B. P. , De Bono , J. and Painter , M. 1997 . Time course of attentional bias for threat information in non-clinical anxiety . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 297 – 303 .
  • Mogg , K. , Mathews , A. and Weinman , J. 1987 . Memory bias in clinical anxiety . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 96 : 94 – 98 .
  • Myers , L. B. and Derakshan , N. 2004 . To forget or not to forget: What repressors forget and when do they forget? . Cognition and Emotion , 18 : 495 – 511 .
  • Nugent , K. and Mineka , S. 1994 . The effect of high and low trait anxiety on implicit and explicit memory tasks . Cognition and Emotion , 8 : 147 – 163 .
  • Reidy , J. 2004 . Trait anxiety, trait depression, worry, and memory . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 42 : 937 – 948 .
  • Reidy , J. and Richards , A. 1997a . Anxiety and memory: A recall bias for threatening words in high anxiety . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 35 : 531 – 542 .
  • Reidy , J. and Richards , A. 1997b . A memory bias for threat in high-trait anxiety . Personality and Individual Differences , 23 : 653 – 663 .
  • Richards , A. and French , C. C. 1991 . Effects of encoding and anxiety on implicit and explicit memory performance . Personality and Individual Differences , 12 : 131 – 139 .
  • Saunders , J. and MacLeod , M. D. 2006 . Resolving competition at retrieval through the controlling of spreading activation: A possible role for inhibitory processes in memory . Memory and Cognition , 34 : 307 – 322 .
  • Sheard , E. D. and MacLeod , C. M. 2005 . “ List method directed forgetting: Return of the selective rehearsal account ” . In Dynamic cognitive processes , Edited by: Ohta , N. , MacLeod , C. M. and Uttl , B. 219 – 248 . Tokyo , , Japan : Springer-Verlag .
  • Storm , B. C. and White , H. A. 2010 . ADHD and retrieval-induced forgetting: Evidence for a deficit in inhibitory control of memory . Memory , 18 : 265 – 271 .
  • Wessel , I. and Hauer , B. 2006 . Retrieval-induced forgetting of autobiographical memory details . Cognition and Emotion , 20 : 430 – 447 .
  • Williams , C. C. and Zacks , R. T. 2001 . Is retrieval-induced forgetting an inhibitory process? . American Journal of Psychology , 114 : 329 – 354 .
  • Williams , J. M. G. , Watts , F. N. , MacLeod , C. and Matthews , A. 1988 . Cognitive psychology and emotional disorders , Chichester , , UK : Wiley .
  • Zacks , R. T. , Radvansky , G. and Hasher , L. 1996 . Studies of directed forgetting in older adults . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition , 22 : 143 – 156 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.