Meaning making, adversity, and regulatory flexibility

REFERENCES

• Alea , N. and Bluck , S. 2013 . When does meaning making predict subjective well-being? Examining young and older adults in two cultures . Memory , 21 : 2 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Banks , M. V. and Salmon , K. 2013 . Reasoning about the self in positive and negative ways: Relationship to psychological functioning in young adulthood . Memory , 21 : 85 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister , R. F. 1991 . Meanings of life , New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Baumeister , R. F. and Vohs , K. D. 2002 . “ The pursuit of meaningfulness in life ” . In Handbook of positive psychology , Edited by: Lopez , C. R. S. S. J. 608 – 618 . New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. 2004 . Loss, trauma, and human resilience: Have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events? . American Psychologist , 59 : 20 – 28 . doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , & Burton , C. L. 2012 . Flexibility in coping and emotion regulation: Toward an integrative theory . Unpublished manuscript .
   Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , Keltner , D. , Holen , A. and Horowitz , M. J. 1995 . When avoiding unpleasant emotions might not be such a bad thing: Verbal autonomic response dissociation and midlife conjugal bereavement . Journal of Personality & Social Psychology , 69 : 975 – 989 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , Papa , A. , Lalande , K. , Westphal , M. and Coifman , K. 2004 . The importance of being flexible: The ability to both enhance and suppress emotional expression predicts long-term adjustment . Psychological Science , 15 : 482 – 487 . doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00705.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , Pat-Horenczyk , R. , & Noll , J. 2011 . Coping flexibility and trauma: The Perceived Ability to Cope with Trauma (PACT) scale . Psychological Trauma-Theory Research Practice and Policy , 3 , 117 – 129 . doi: 10.1037/a0020921
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , Westphal , M. , & Mancini , A. D. 2011 . Resilience to loss and potential trauma . Annual Review of Clinical Psychology , 7 , 511 – 535 . doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanno , G. A. , Wortman , C. B. and Nesse , R. M. 2004 . Prospective patterns of resilience and maladjustment during widowhood . Psychology and Aging , 19 : 260 – 271 . doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.19.2.260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton , C. L. , Yan , O. H. , Pat-Horenczyk , R. , Chan , I. S. F. , Ho , S. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2012 . Coping flexibility and complicated grief: A comparison of American and Chinese samples . Depression and Anxiety , 29 , 16 – 22 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.20888 doi: 10.1002/da.20888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , Y. , McAnally , H. M. , Wang , Q. and Reese , E. 2012 . The coherence of critical event narratives and adolescents' psychological functioning . Memory , 20 : 667 – 681 . doi: 10.1080/09658211.2012.693934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng , C. 2001 . Assessing coping flexibility in real-life and laboratory settings: A multimethod approach . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 80 , 814 – 833 . Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11374752 doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.814
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng , C. 2003 . Cognitive and motivational processes underlying coping flexibility: A dual-process model . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 84 , 425 – 438 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng , C. , & Cheung , M. W. L. 2005 . Cognitive processes underlying coping flexibility: Differentiation and integration . Journal of Personality , 73 , 859 – 886 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00331.x doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00331.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coifman , K. G. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2010 . When distress does not become depression: Emotion context sensitivity and adjustment to bereavement . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 119 , 479 – 490 . doi: 10.1037/a0020113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coifman , K. G. , Bonanno , G. A. , Ray , R. D. and Gross , J. J. 2007 . Does repressive coping promote resilience? Affective-autonomic response discrepancy during bereavement . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 92 : 745 – 758 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.4.745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidson , R. J. , Jackson , D. C. , & Kalin , N. H. 2000 . Emotion, plasticity, context, and regulation: Perspectives from affective neuroscience . Psychological Bulletin , 126 , 890 – 909 . Retrieved from: http://ukpmc.ac.uk/abstract/MED/11107881 doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.126.6.890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , C. G. , Wortman , C. B. , Lehman , D. R. and Silver , R. C. 2000 . Searching for meaning in loss: Are clinical assumptions correct? . Death Studies , 24 : 497 – 540 . doi: 10.1080/07481180050121471
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekel , S. , & Bonanno , G. A. ( in press ). Changes in trauma memory and patterns of posttraumatic stress . Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy , No pagination specified . doi: 10.1037/a0022750
   Google Scholar
• de Quervain , D. J-F. 2006 . Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of memory retrieval . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 1071 , 216 – 220 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1364.016 doi: 10.1196/annals.1364.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Quervain , D. J-F. , Aerni , A. , Schelling , G. , & Roozendaal , B. 2009 . Glucocorticoids and the regulation of memory in health and disease . Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology , 30 , 358 – 370 . Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009130220900003X doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2009.03.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunlop , W. L. and Tracy , J. L. 2013 . The autobiography of addiction: Autobiographical reasoning and psychological adjustment in abstinent alcoholics . Memory , 21 : 121 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• Femina , D. D. , Yeager , C. A. , & Lewis , D. O. 1990 . Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall . Child Abuse and Neglect , 14 , 227 – 231 . Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/014521349090033P doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(90)90033-P
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galatzer-Levy , I. R. , Burton , C. L. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2012 . Coping flexibility, potentially traumatic life events, and resilience: A prospective study of college student adjustment . Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology , 31 , 542 – 567 . doi: 10.1521/jscp.2012.31.6.542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenhoot , A. F. , Sun , S. , Bunnell , S. L. and Lindboe , K. 2013 . Making sense of traumatic memories: Memory qualities and psychological symptoms in emerging adults with and without abuse histories . Memory , 21 : 103 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Gupta , S. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2011 . Complicated grief and deficits in emotional expressive flexibility . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 120 , 635 – 643 . doi: 10.1037/a0023541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobfoll , S. E. , Hall , B. J. , Canetti-Nisim , D. , Galea , S. , Johnson , R. J. , & Palmieri , P. A. 2007 . Refining our understanding of traumatic growth in the face of terrorism: Moving from meaning cognitions to doing what is meaningful . Applied Psychology , 56 , 345 – 366 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00292.x doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00292.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janoff-Bulman , R. 1992 . Shattered assumptions: Towards a new psychology of trauma , New York , NY : The Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kashdan , T. B. , & Rottenberg , J. 2010 . Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health . Clinical Psychology Review , 30 , 865 – 878 . doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.03.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato , T. 2012 . Development of the Coping Flexibility Scale: Evidence for the coping flexibility hypothesis . Journal of Counseling Psychology , 59 , 262 – 273 . doi: 10.1037/a0027770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly , A. E. and McKillop , K. J. 1996 . Consequences of revealing personal secrets . Psychological Bulletin , 120 : 450 – 465 . doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.120.3.450
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinger , E. 1977 . Meaning & void: Inner experience and the incentives in people's lives (pp. xiv, 412). , Oxford : University of Minnesota Press .
   Google Scholar
• Klinger , E. 1998 . “ The search for meaning in evolutionary perspective and its clinical implications ” . In The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research and clinical applications , Edited by: Fry , P. T. P. W. P. S. 27 – 50 . Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Lalande , K. M. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2011 . Retrospective memory bias for the frequency of potentially traumatic events: A prospective study . Psychological Trauma-Theory Research Practice and Policy , 3 , 165 – 170 . doi: 10.1037/a0020847
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilgendahl , J. P. , McLean , K. C. and Mansfield , D. C. 2013 . When is meaning making unhealthy for the self? The roles of neuroticism, implicit theories, and memory telling in trauma and transgression memories . Memory , 21 : 67 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• McLean , K. C. , & Mansfield , C. D. 2011 . To reason or not to reason: Is autobiographical reasoning always beneficial? New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development , 2011 131 , 85 – 97 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cd.291 doi: 10.1002/cd.291
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ochs , E. and Capps , L. 1996 . Narrating the self . Annual review of anthropology , 25 : 19 doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.25.1.19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , C. L. 2010 . Making sense of the meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events . Psychological Bulletin , 136 , 257 – 301 . doi: 10.1037/a0018301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , C. L. and Folkman , S. 1997 . Meaning in the context of stress and coping . Review of General Psychology , 1 : 115 – 144 . doi: 10.1037/1089-2680.1.2.115
   Google Scholar
• Rimé , B. 2009 . Emotion elicits the social sharing of emotion: Theory and empirical review . Emotion Review , 1 ( 1 ), 60 – 85 . Retrieved from: http://emr.sagepub.com/content/1/1/60.abstract
   Google Scholar
• Rimé , B. , Páez , D. , Basabe , N. , & Martínez , F. 2010 . Social sharing of emotion, post-traumatic growth, and emotional climate: Follow-up of Spanish citizens' response to the collective trauma of March 11th terrorist attacks in Madrid . European Journal of Social Psychology , 40 , 1029 – 1045 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.700 doi: 10.1002/ejsp.700
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sales , J. M. , Merrill , N. A. and Fivush , R. 2013 . Does making meaning make it better? Narrative meaning making and well-being in at-risk African-American adolescent females . Memory , 21 : 53 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroevers , M. J. , Ranchor , A. V. , & Sanderman , R. 2004 . The role of age at the onset of cancer in relation to survivors' long-term adjustment: A controlled comparison over an eight-year period . Psycho-Oncology , 13 10 , 740 – 752 . Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.780 doi: 10.1002/pon.780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver , R. L. , Boon , C. , & Stones , M. H. 1983 . Searching for meaning in misfortune: Making sense of incest . Journal of Social Issues , 39 , 81 – 101 . Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1983.tb00142.x doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1983.tb00142.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Styers , M. K. and Baker-Ward , L. 2013 . Finding the light at the end of the tunnel: Age differences in the relation between internal states terms and coping with potential threats to self . Memory , 21 : 36 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Updegraff , J. A. , Silver , R. C. , & Holman , E. A. 2008 . Searching for and finding meaning in collective trauma: Results from a national longitudinal study of the 9/11 terrorist attacks . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 95 , 709 – 722 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.95.3.709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters , T. E. A. , Shallcross , J. F. and Fivush , R. 2013 . The many facets of meaning making: Comparing multiple measures of meaning making and their relations to psychological distress . Memory , 21 : 22 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Westphal , M. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2007 . Posttraumatic growth and resilience to trauma: Different sides of the same coin or different coins? Applied Psychology-An International Review [Psychologie Appliquee-Revue Internationale] , 56 , 417 – 427 . doi: 10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00298.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westphal , M. , Seivert , N. H. , & Bonanno , G. A. 2010 . Expressive flexibility . Emotion , 10 , 92 – 100 . doi: 10.1037/a0018420
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , L. M. 1994 . Recall of childhood trauma: A prospective study of women's memories of child sexual abuse . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 62 , 1167 – 1176 . doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.62.6.1167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar