Decreased susceptibility to false memories from misinformation in hormonal contraception users

REFERENCES

• Beck, K. D., McLaughlin, J., Bergen, M. T., Cominski, T. P., Moldow, R. L., & Servatius, R. J. (2008). Facilitated acquisition of the classically conditioned eyeblink response in women taking oral contraceptives. Behavioural Pharmacology, 19, 821–828. doi:10.1097/FBP.0b013e32831c3b82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bentz, D., Michael, T., Wilhelm, F. H., Hartmann, F. R., Kunz, S., Rudolf van Rohr, I. R., & de Quervain, D. J.-F. (2013). Influence of stress on fear memory processes in an aversive differential conditioning paradigm in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 1186–1197. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.12.018
   Google Scholar
• Cahill, L., & van Stegeren, A. (2003). Sex-related impairment of memory for emotional events with beta-adrenergic blockade. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 79, 81–88. doi:10.1016/S1074-7427(02)00019-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson, L. E., & Brown, K. W. (2005). Validation of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale in a cancer population. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 58, 29–33. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2004.04.366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(1), 17–22. doi:10.1037/h0046671
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dewhurst, S. A., Anderson, R. J., & Knott, L. M. (2012). A gender difference in the false recall of negative words: Women DRM more than men. Cognition & Emotion, 26(1), 65–74. doi:10.1080/02699931.2011.553037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo, D. A. (2010). False memories and fantastic beliefs: 15 years of the DRM illusion. Memory & Cognition, 38, 833–848. doi:10.3758/MC.38.7.833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustavsson, J. P., Bergman, H., Edman, G., Ekselius, L., Von Knorring, L., & Linder, J. (2000). Swedish Universities Scales of Personality (SSP): Construction, internal consistency and normative data. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 102, 217–225. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.102003217.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampson, E., & Morley, E. E. (2013). Estradiol concentrations and working memory performance in women of reproductive age. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 2897–2904. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.07.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holloway, J. L., Beck, K. D., & Servatius, R. J. (2011). Facilitated acquisition of the classically conditioned eyeblink response in females is augmented in those taking oral contraceptives. Behavioural Brain Research, 216, 301–307. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2010.08.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolliffe, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2006). Development and validation of the basic empathy scale. Journal of Adolescence, 29, 589–611. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.08.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kampen, D. L., & Sherwin, B. B. (1994). Estrogen use and verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 83, 979–983. doi:10.1097/00006250-199406000-00017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirschbaum, C., Kudielka, B. M., Gaab, J., Schommer, N. C., & Hellhammer, D. H. (1999). Impact of gender, menstrual cycle phase, and oral contraceptives on the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 61, 154–162. doi:10.1097/00006842-199903000-00006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kudielka, B. M., & Kirschbaum, C. (2005). Sex differences in the HPA axis responses to stress: A review. Biological Psychology, 69, 113–132. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2004.11.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhlmann, S., & Wolf, O. T. (2005). Cortisol and memory retrieval in women: Influence of menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives. Psychopharmacology, 183(1), 65–71. doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0143-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lobo, R. A., & Stanczyk, F. Z. (1994). New knowledge in the physiology of hormonal contraceptives. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 170, 1499–1507. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(94)05011-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loftus, E. F. (2005). Planting misinformation in the human mind: A 30-year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning & Memory, 12, 361–366. doi:10.1101/lm.94705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maki, P. M., Rich, J. B., & Rosenbaum, R. S. (2002). Implicit memory varies across the menstrual cycle: Estrogen effects in young women. Neuropsychologia, 40, 518–529. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00126-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merckelbach, H., Horselenberg, R., & Muris, P. (2001). The creative experiences questionnaire (CEQ): A brief self-report measure of fantasy proneness. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 987–996. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00201-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz, C. J., Stark, R., Vaitl, D., Tabbert, K., & Wolf, O. T. (2013). Stress hormones are associated with the neuronal correlates of instructed fear conditioning. Biological Psychology, 92, 82–89. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.02.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz, C. J., Tabbert, K., Schweckendiek, J., Klucken, T., Vaitl, D., Stark, R., & Wolf, O. T. (2012). Oral contraceptive usage alters the effects of cortisol on implicit fear learning. Hormones and Behavior, 62, 531–538. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.09.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merz, C. J., Wolf, O. T., Schweckendiek, J., Klucken, T., Vaitl, D., & Stark, R. (2013). Stress differentially affects fear conditioning in men and women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 2529–2541. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.05.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mordecai, K. L., Rubin, L. H., & Maki, P. M. (2008). Effects of menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on verbal memory. Hormones and Behavior, 54, 286–293. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S. E., Ahmed, I., & Cahill, L. (2013). Sex and menstrual cycle phase at encoding influence emotional memory for gist and detail. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 106, 55–65. doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.07.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S. E., Ertman, N., Lakhani, Y. S., & Cahill, L. (2011). Hormonal contraception usage is associated with altered memory for an emotional story. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 96, 378–384. doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S. E., Segal, S. K., Worden, I. V., Yim, I. S., & Cahill, L. (2013). Hormonal contraception use alters stress responses and emotional memory. Biological Psychology, 92, 257–266. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.10.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okado, Y., & Stark, C. E. L. (2005). Neural activity during encoding predicts false memories created by misinformation. Learning & Memory, 12, 3–11. doi:10.1101/lm.87605
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patihis, L., Frenda, S. J., LePort, A. K. R., Petersen, N., Nichols, R. M., Stark, C. E. L., … Loftus, E. F. (2013). False memories in highly superior autobiographical memory individuals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 20947–20952. doi:10.1073/pnas.1314373110
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnick, S. M., Maki, P. M., Golski, S., Kraut, M. A., & Zonderman, A. B. (1998). Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on PET cerebral blood flow and neuropsychological performance. Hormones and Behavior, 34, 171–182. doi:10.1006/hbeh.1998.1476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roediger, H. L., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21, 803–814.
   Google Scholar
• Roediger, H. L., Watson, J. M., McDermott, K. B., & Gallo, D. A. (2001). Factors that determine false recall: A multiple regression analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8, 385–407. doi:10.3758/BF03196177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tellegen, A., & Atkinson, G. (1974). Openness to absorbing and self-altering experiences (“absorption”), a trait related to hypnotic susceptibility. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 268–277. doi:10.1037/h0036681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, A. I., Keating, C. L., & Tilbrook, A. J. (2012). Sex differences and the role of sex steroids in sympatho-adreno medullary system and hypothalamo–pituitary adrenal axis responses to stress. In S. M. Kahn (Ed.), Sex steroids (pp. 115–136). Rijeka: InTech.
   Google Scholar
• Wolf, O. T., Kudielka, B. M., Hellhammer, D. H., Törbera, S., McEwen, B. S., & Kirschbaum, C. (1999). Two weeks of transdermal estradiol treatment in postmenopausal elderly women and its effect on memory and mood: Verbal memory changes are associated with the treatment induced estradiol levels. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 24, 727–741. doi:10.1016/S0306-4530(99)00025-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, D. B., & Loftus, E. F. (1999). Measuring dissociation: Comparison of alternative forms of the dissociative experiences scale. American Journal of Psychology, 112, 497–519. doi:10.2307/1423648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wylie, L. E., Patihis, L., McCuller, L. L., Davis, D., Brank, E. M., Loftus, E. F., & Bornstein, B. H. (2014). Misinformation effects in older versus younger adults: A meta-analysis and review. In M. P. Toglia, D. F. Ross, J. Pozzulo, & E. Pica (Eds.),The elderly eyewitness in court (pp. 38–66). Abingdon: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zoladz, P. R., Peters, D. M., Kalchik, A. E., Hoffman, M. M., Aufdenkampe, R. L., Woelke, S. A., …Talbot, J. N. (2014). Brief, pre-learning stress reduces false memory production and enhances true memory selectively in females. Physiology & Behavior, 128, 270–276. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar