738
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Living in history and living by the cultural life script: How older Germans date their autobiographical memories

&
Pages 482-495 | Received 16 Jul 2014, Accepted 11 Feb 2015, Published online: 13 Mar 2015

REFERENCES

  • Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5, 323–370. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.5.4.323
  • Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2002). Emotionally charged memories across the life span: The recall of happy, sad, traumatic, and involuntary memories. Psychology and Aging, 17, 636–652.doi:10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.636
  • Berntsen, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2004). Cultural life scripts structure recall from autobiographical memory. Memory & Cognition, 32, 427–442.
  • Berntsen D., & Rubin, D. C. (2012). Understanding autobiographical memory: An ecological theory. In D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (Eds.), Understanding autobiographical memory: Theories and approaches (pp. 333–355). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Berntsen, D., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2011). Two versions of life: Emotionally negative and positive life events have different roles in the organization of life story and identity. Emotion, 11, 1190–1201. doi:10.1037/a0024940
  • Betz, A. L., & Skowronski, J. J. (1997). Self-events and other-events: Temporal dating and event memory. Memory & Cognition, 25, 701–714. doi:10.3758/BF03211313
  • Bohn, A. (2010). Generational differences in cultural life scripts and life story memories of younger and older adults. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24, 1324–1345. doi:10.1002/acp.1641
  • Bohn, A. (2011). Normative ideas of life and autobiographical reasoning in life narratives. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 131, 19–30. doi:10.1002/cd.286
  • Bohn, A., & Berntsen, D. (2007). Pleasantness bias in flashbulb memories: Positive and negative flashbulb memories of the fall of the Berlin Wall among East- and West Germans. Memory & Cognition, 35, 565–577. doi:10.3758/BF03193295
  • Bohn, A., & Berntsen, D. (2008). Life story development in childhood: The development of life story abilities and the acquisition of cultural life scripts across late middle childhood and adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 44, 1135–1147. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.4.1135
  • Bombing of Berlin in World War II. (n.d.). (Manual 5th edition pp. 274–77). Retrieved March 19, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Berlin_in_World_War_II
  • Brickman, P., Coates, D., & Janoff-Bulman, R. (1978). Lottery winners and accident victims: Is happiness relative? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 917–927. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.8.917
  • Brown, N. R. (1990). Organization of public events in long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 119, 297–314. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.119.3.297
  • Brown, N. R., Hansen, T. G. B., Lee, P. J., Vanderveen, S. A., & Conrad, F. G. (2012). Historically defined autobiographical periods: Their origins and implications. In D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (Eds.), Understanding autobiographical memory: Theories and approaches (pp. 160–179). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Brown, N. R., & Lee, P. J. (2010). Public events and the organization of autobiographical memory: An overview of the living-in-history project. Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 2(29), 133–149. doi:10.1080/19434471003597431
  • Brown, N. R., Lee, P. J., Krslak, M., Conrad, F. G., Hansen, T. G. B., Havelka, J., & Reddon, J. R. (2009). Living in history: How war, terrorism, and natural disaster affect the organization of autobiographical memory. Psychological Science, 20, 399–405. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02307.x
  • Brown, N. R., Svob, C., & Lee, P. J. (2012, May). On the nature of collective transitions: The impact of the siege of Sarajevo on the temporal distribution of memorable personal events. 24th APS Annual Conference Chicago/USA.
  • Burt, C. D. B. (1992). Retrieval characteristics of autobiographical memories: Event and date information. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 6, 389–404. doi:10.1002/acp.2350060504
  • Burt, C. D. B. (2011). Communicating temporal information about autobiographical events. Language and Cognition, 3(1), 121–136. doi:10.1515/langcog.2011.005
  • Conway, M. A., & Jobson. L. (2012). On the nature of autobiographical memory. In D. Berntsen & D. C. Rubin (Eds.), Understanding autobiographical memory: Theories and approaches (pp. 54–69). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000). The construction of autobiographical memory in the self-memory system. Psychological Review, 107, 261–288. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.107.2.261
  • Dickson, R. A., Pillemer, D. B., & Bruehl, E. C. (2011). The reminiscence bump for salient personal memories: Is a cultural life script required? Memory & Cognition, 39, 977–991. doi:10.3758/s13421-011-0082-3
  • Fivush, R., Habermas, T., Waters, T. E. A., & Zaman, W. (2011). The making of autobiographical memory: Intersections of culture, narratives and identity. International Journal of Psychology, 46, 321–345. doi:10.1080/00207594.2011.596541
  • Friedman, W. J. (2004). Time in autobiographical memory. Social Cognition, 22, 591–605. doi:10.1521/soco.22.5.591.50766
  • Fromholt, P., & Larsen, S. F. (1991). Autobiographical memory in normal aging and primary degenerative dementia (dementia of Alzheimer type). Journal of Gerontology, 46(3), 85–91. doi:10.1093/geronj/46.3.P85
  • Glück, J., & Bluck, S. (2007). Looking back across the life span: A life story account of the reminiscence bump. Memory & Cognition, 35, 1928–1939. doi:10.3758/BF03192926
  • Habermas, T. (2001). History and life story. Human Development, 44, 191–194. doi:10.1159/000057058
  • Habermas, T. (2007). How to tell a life: The development of the cultural concept of biography. Journal of Cognition and Development, 8, 1–31. doi:10.1207/s15327647jcd0801_1
  • Habermas, T., & Bluck, S. (2000). Getting a life: The emergence of the life story in adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 748–769. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.5.748
  • Habermas, T., Meier, M., & Mukhtar, B. (2009). Are specific emotions narrated differently? Emotion, 9, 751–762. doi:10.1037/a0018002
  • Hatiboğlu, N., & Habermas, T. (2015). The normativity of life scripts and their relation with life story events across cultures and sub-cultures in Turkey and Germany. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213–218. doi:10.1016/0022-3999(67)90010-4
  • Janssen, S. M. J., Chessa, A. G., & Murre, J. M. J. (2006). Memory for time: How people date events. Memory & Cognition, 34(1), 138–147. doi:10.3758/BF03193393
  • Kohli, M. (1994). Work and retirement: A comparative perspective. In M. W. Riley, R. L. Kahn, A. Foner, & K. A. Mack (Eds.), Age and structural lag: Society's failure to provide meaningful opportunities in work, family, and leisure. (pp. 80–106). Oxford: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Koppel, J., Brown, A. D., Stone, C. B., Coman, A., & Hirst, W. (2013). Remembering President Barack Obama’s inauguration and the landing of US airways flight 1549: A comparison of the predictors of autobiographical and event memory. Memory, 21, 798–806. doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.756040
  • Larsen, S. F., & Conway, M. A. (1997). Reconstructing dates of true and false autobiographical memories. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 9, 259–272. doi:10.1080/713752560
  • Neugarten, B. L., Moore, J. W., & Lowe, J. C. (1965). Age norms, age constraints, and adult socialization. American Journal of Sociology, 70, 710–717.
  • Nourkova, V. V., & Brown, N. R. (in press). Assessing the Impact of “The Collapse” on the organization and content of autobiographical memory in the former Soviet Union. Journal of Social Issues.
  • Ottsen, C. L., & Berntsen, D. (2014). The cultural life script of Qatar and across cultures: Effects of gender and religion. Memory, 22, 390–407. doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.795598
  • Pillemer, D. B. (1998). Momentous events, vivid memories. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Rathlau, R. G. (2006). Die Ausgebombten, Flüchtlinge und Vertriebene [The bombed, the refugees and the expelled]. Retrieved April 26, 2014, from http://denktag2006.denktag-archiv.de/Die-Ausgebombten-Fluechtlinge.1311.0.html
  • Rubin, D.C., & Berntsen, D. (2003). Life scripts help to maintain autobiographical memories of highly positive, but not highly negative events. Memory & Cognition, 31(1), 1–14. doi:10.3758/BF03196077
  • Rubin, D. C., Berntsen, D., & Hutson, M. (2009). The normative and the personal life: Individual differences in life scripts and life story events among U.S.A. and Danish undergraduates. Memory, 17, 54–68. doi:10.1080/09658210802541442
  • Rubin, D. C., Wetzler, S. E., & Nebes, R. D. (1986). Autobiographical memory across the lifespan. In D. C. Rubin (Ed.), Autobiographical memory (pp. 202–221). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Schmidt, S. R. (2012). Extraordinary memories for exceptional events. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1983). Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45(3), 513. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.3.513
  • Shum, M. S. (1998). The role of temporal landmarks in autobiographical memory processes. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 423–442. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.423
  • Storbeck, J., & Clore, G. L. (2005). With sadness comes accuracy; with happiness, false memory. Mood and the false memory effect. Psychological Science, 16, 785–796. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01615
  • Svob, C., & Brown, N. R. (2012). Intergenerational transmission of the reminiscence bump and biographical conflict knowledge. Psychological Science, 23, 1404. doi:10.1177/095679761244531
  • Svob, C., Brown, N. R., Reddon, J. R., Uzer, T., & Lee, P. J. (2014). The transitional impact scale: Assessing the material and psychological impact of life transitions. Behavior Research Methods, 46, 448–455. doi:10.3758/s13428-013-0378-2
  • Tekcan, A. I., Kaya-Kızılöz, B., & Odaman, H. (2012). Life scripts across age groups: A comparison of adolescents, young adults, and older adults. Memory, 20, 836–847. doi:10.1080/09658211.2012.710431
  • Thompson, C. P., Skowronski, J. J., & Betz, A. L. (1993). The use of partial temporal information in dating personal events. Memory & Cognition, 21, 352–360. doi:10.3758/BF03208267
  • Thomsen, D. K., & Berntsen, D. (2008). The cultural life script and life story chapters contribute to the reminiscence bump. Memory, 16, 420–435. doi:10.1080/09658210802010497
  • Thomsen, D. K., Pillemer, D. B., & Ivcevic, Z. (2011). Life story chapters, specific memories and the reminiscence bump. Memory, 19, 267–279. doi:10.1080/09658211.2011.558513
  • Westerhof, G. J., & Keyes, C. L. M. (2006). After the fall of the berlin wall: Perceptions and consequences of stability and change among middle-aged and older east and west Germans. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 61B, 240–247. doi:10.1093/geronb/61.5.S240
  • Zebian, S., & Brown, N. R. (2014). Living in history in Lebanon: The influence of chronic social upheaval on the organisation of autobiographical memories. Memory, 22, 194–211. doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.775310

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.