Look who's talking! Facial appearance can bias source monitoring

References

• Barber , S. J. , Gordon , R. and Franklin , N. 2009 . Self-relevance and wishful thinking: Facilitation and distortion in source monitoring . Memory & Cognition , 37 : 434 – 446 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayen , U. J. , Nakamura , G. V. , Dupuis , S. E. and Yang , C-L. 2000 . The use of schematic information about sources in source monitoring . Memory & Cognition , 28 : 480 – 500 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , R. and Buchner , A. 2010 . Valence modulates source memory for faces . Memory & Cognition , 38 : 29 – 41 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benney , K. S. and Henkel , L. A. 2006 . The role of free choice in memory for past decisions . Memory , 14 : 1001 – 1011 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bull , R. H. C. and Green , J. 1980 . The relationship between physical appearance and criminality . Medicine, Science, and the Law , 20 : 79 – 83 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bull , R. H. C. and Hawkes , C. 1982 . Judging politicians by their faces . Political Studies , 30 : 95 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook , G. I. , Marsh , R. L. and Hicks , J. L. 2003 . Halo and devil effects demonstrate valence-based influences on source-monitoring decisions . Consciousness & Cognition , 12 : 257 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , D. , & Friedman , R. D. 2007 . Memory for conversation: The orphan child of witness memory researchers . In M. P. Toglia , J. D. Read , D. F. Ross , & R. C. L. Lindsay , Handbook of eyewitness psychology (Vol. 2): Memory for events 3 57 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Ehrenberg , K. and Klauer , K. C. 2005 . Flexible use of source information: Processing components of the inconsistency effect in person memory . Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 41 : 369 – 387 .
   Google Scholar
• Fragale , A. R. and Heath , C. 2004 . Evolving informational credentials: The (mis)attribution of believable facts to credible sources . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 30 : 225 – 236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon , R. , Franklin , N. and Beck , J. 2005 . Wishful thinking and source monitoring . Memory & Cognition , 33 : 418 – 429 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hicks , J. L. and Cockman , D. W. 2003 . The effect of general knowledge on source memory and decision processes . Journal of Memory and Language , 48 : 489 – 501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochberg , J. and Galper , R. E. 1974 . Attribution of intention as a function of physiognomy . Memory & Cognition , 2 : 39 – 42 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson , M. K. , Hashtroudi , S. and Lindsay , D. S. 1993 . Source monitoring . Psychological Bulletin , 114 : 3 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleider , H. M. , Goldinger , S. D. and Knuycky , L. 2008 . Stereotypes influence false memories for imagined events . Memory , 16 : 97 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindsay , D. S. 2008 . Source Monitoring . In H. L. Roediger III Cognitive psychology of memory. Vol. 2 of Learning and memory: A comprehensive reference, 4 vols . (J. Byrne, Editor) 325 348 . Oxford : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Marsh , R. L. , Cook , G. I. and Hicks , J. L. 2006 . Gender and orientation stereotypes bias source-monitoring attributions . Memory , 14 : 148 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather , M. , Johnson , M. K. and De Leonardis , D. M. 1999 . Stereotype reliance in source monitoring: Age differences and neuropsychological test correlates . Cognitive Neuropsychology , 16 : 437 – 458 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mather , M. , Shafir , E. and Johnson , M. K. 2000 . Misremembrance of options past: Source monitoring and choice . Psychological Science , 11 : 132 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oosterhof , N. N. and Todorov , A. 2008 . The functional basis of face evaluation . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 105 : 11087 – 11092 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ottati , V. , Claypool , H. M. and Gingrich , B. 2005 . Effects of a group stereotype on memory for behaviors performed by a group member . European Journal of Social Psychology , 35 : 797 – 808 .
   Google Scholar
• Sherman , J. W. and Bessenoff , G. R. 1999 . Stereotypes as source-monitoring cues: On the interaction between episodic and semantic memory . Psychological Science , 10 : 106 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , M. and Uranowitz , S. W. 1978 . Reconstructing the past: Some cognitive consequences of person perception . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 : 941 – 950 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spacek , L. (no date) . University of Essex Face Database . Available from: http://cswww.essex.ac.uk/mv/allfaces/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Stangor , C. , Lynch , L. , Duan , C. and Glass , B. 1992 . Categorization of individuals on the basis of multiple social features . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 62 : 207 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , S. E. , Fiske , S. T. , Etcoff , N. L. and Ruderman , A. J. 1978 . Categorical and contextual bases of person memory and stereotyping . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 36 : 778 – 793 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Todorov , A. , Mandisodza , A. N. , Goren , A. and Hall , C. C. 2005 . Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes . Science , 308 : 1623 – 1626 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Todorov , A. , Said , C. P. , Engell , A. D. and Oosterhof , N. N. 2008 . Understanding evaluation of faces on social dimensions . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 12 : 455 – 460 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willis , J. and Todorov , A. 2006 . First impressions: Making up your mind after a 100-ms exposure to a face . Psychological Science , 17 : 592 – 598 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar