Unpacking teachers’ language ideologies: attitudes, beliefs, and practiced language policies in schools in Alsace, France

References

• Albertini, P. (1992). L'école en France XIXe-XXe siècles: de la maternelle à l'université [School in France in the 19th and 20th centuries: From nursery school to university]. Paris: Hachette.
   Google Scholar
• Allport, G.W. (1954). The historical background of modern social psychology. Handbook of Social Psychology, 1, 3–56.
   Google Scholar
• August, D., & Shanahan, T. (2006). Developing literacy in second-language learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children and Youth. Mahwah, NJ: Centre for Applied Linguistics.
   Google Scholar
• Banks, J.A. (2001). Citizenship education and diversity. Journal of Teacher Education, 52(1), 5–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beacco, J.-C., & Byram, M. (2007). Guide for the development of language education policies in Europe (final version). Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Bialystok, E. (2001). Bilingualism in development: Language, literacy, and cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Blanchet, P. (2000). La linguistique de terrain: méthode et théorie: Une approche ethno-sociolinguistique. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes.
   Google Scholar
• Bonacina-Pugh, F. (2012). Researching ‘practiced language policies’: Insights from conversation analysis. Language Policy, 11, 213–234.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Candelier, M. (2003). L’éveil aux langues à l’école primaire: Evlang: Bilan d’une innovation européenne [Language awareness at primary school: EvLang: Results from a European innovation]. Brussels: De Boeck.
   Google Scholar
• Cárdenas, J.A., & Cárdenas, B. (1977). The theory of incompatibilities: A conceptual framework for responding to the educational needs of Mexican American children. San Antonio, TX: Intercultural Development Research Association.
   Google Scholar
• Castellotti, V., & Moore, D. (2002). Social representations of languages and teaching. Language policy division. Strasbourg: Council of Europe. Retrieved from www.coe.int/t/dg4/linguistic/source/castellottimooreen.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cavalli, M. (2013). Politiques linguistiques et représentations sociales-Récit de recherche [Language policies and social representations - research narrative]. Cahiers du GEPE 5 (Espaces scolaires et plurilinguisme). Retrieved from http://www.cahiersdugepe.fr/index.php?id=2507
   Google Scholar
• Cavalli, M., Coste, D., Crisan, A., & van de Ven, P.-H. (2009). Plurilingual and intercultural education as a project. Strasbourg: Language Policy Division, Council of Europe.
   Google Scholar
• Centre National de Documentation Pédagogique (CNDP). (2011). Le langage à l’école maternelle. Chasseneuil-du-Poitou: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Clerc, S., & Rispail, M. (2008). Former aux langues et aux cultures des autres, une gageure [Educating for other language and cultures: A difficult challenge]. Ela. Etudes de linguistique appliquée, 3(151), 277–292.
   Google Scholar
• Couëtoux-Jungman, F., Wendland, J., Aidane, E., Rabain, D., Plaza, M., & Lécuyer, R. (2010). Bilinguisme, plurilinguisme et petite enfance: Intérêt de la prise en compte du contexte linguistique de l’enfant dans l’évaluation et le soin des difficultés de développement précoce [Bilingualism, multilingualism and early childhood: The relevance of linguistic context in the assessment and care of early development difficulties]. Devenir, 22(4), 293–307.
   Google Scholar
• Council of Europe. (2001). Common European framework of reference for languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Cummins, J. (2003).Challenging the construction of difference as deficit: Where are identity, intellect, imagination, and power in the new regime of truth? In P. Trifonas (Ed.), Pedagogies of difference: Rethinking education for social change (pp. 41–60). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Cummins, J. (2008). Total immersion or bilingual education? Findings of international research on promoting immigrant children's achievement in the primary school. In J. Ramseger & M. Wagener (Eds), Chancenungleichheit in der Grundschule: Ursachen und Wege aus der Krise (pp. 45–55). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften/Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Deaux, K.L., Dane, F.C., & Wrightsman, S. (1993). Social psychology in the '90s. Belmont, CA: Brookes/Cole.
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament. (2009). Educating the children of migrants (Report No. 2008(2328(INI)). Committee on Culture and Education. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+P6-TA-2009-0202+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN
   Google Scholar
• Flores, B.B., & Smith, H.L. (2009). Teachers’ characteristics and attitudinal beliefs about linguistic and cultural diversity. Bilingual Research Journal, 31(1–2), 323–358.
   Google Scholar
• Freire, P. (2005). Pedagogy of the oppressed. New York, NY: Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• García, O. (2012). Theorizing translanguaging for educators. In C. Celic & K. Seltzer (Eds.), Translanguaging: A CUNY-NYSIEB guide for educators (pp. 1–6). New York, NY: CUNY-NYSIEB. Retrieved from http://www.nysieb.ws.gc.cuny.edu/files/2012/06/FINAL-Translanguaging-Guide-With-Cover-1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Genesee, F., Lindholm-Leary, K., Saunders, W.L., & Christian, D. (2006). Educating English language learners: A synthesis of research evidence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gkaintartzi, A., & Tsokalidou, R. (2011). She is a very good child but she doesn't speak: The invisibility of children's bilingualism and teacher ideology. Journal of Pragmatics, 43(2), 588–601.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gogolin, I. (1994). Der monolinguale Habitus der multilingualen Schule [The monolingual habitus of the multilingual school]. Münster: Waxmann.
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez, N., Moll, L.C. & Armanti, C. (2005). Funds of knowledge: Theorising practices in households, communities and classrooms. Mahwah, NJ: Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Goullier, F. (2006). Qu’entend-on par “Plurilinguisme?” [What is understood by “plurilingualism?”]. Les langues Modernes. Paris: Association des professeurs de langues vivantes.
   Google Scholar
• Grosjean, F. (2008). Studying bilinguals. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Grosjean, F. (2013). Myths about bilingualism. Retrieved from http://www.francoisgrosjean.ch/myths_en.html
   Google Scholar
• Hechter, M. (1975). Internal colonialism: The Celtic fringe in British national development. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heller, M. (2009). Bilingualism: A social approach. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Hélot, C. (2007). Du bilinguisme en famille au plurilinguisme à l’école [From bilingualism in the family to plurilingualism at school]. Paris: l’Harmattan.
   Google Scholar
• Hélot, C., & Young, A. (2005). The notion of diversity in language education: Policy and practice at primary level in France. Journal of Language, Culture and Curriculum, 18(3), 242–257.
   Google Scholar
• Huck, D., Bothorel-Witz, A., & Geiger-Jaillet, A. (2005). Rapport sur la situation linguistique en Alsace (France) [Report on the linguistic situation in Alsace (France)]. LANGUAGE BRIDGES, a sub-theme working group of the Interreg IIIC project ‘Change on Borders’, Strasbourg: Département de dialectologie, Université de Strasbourg. Retrieved from http://ala.u-strasbg.fr/documents/Publication%20-%20L%27Alsace%20et%20ses%20langues.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jodelet, D. (1989). Les représentations sociales [Social representations]. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.
   Google Scholar
• Legifrance. (2013). Article 8 de la loi n° 78-17 du 6 janvier 1978 relative à l’informatique, aux fichiers et aux libertés [Article 8 of law number 78-17 of 6th January 1978 relating to IT, files and freedom of information]. Retrieved from http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000886460
   Google Scholar
• Martin, P.W. (2005). ‘Safe’ language practices in two rural schools in Malaysia: Tensions between policy and practice. In A.M.Y. Lin & P. Martin (Eds.), Decolonisation, globalisation: Language-in-education policy and practice (pp. 74–97). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Martin-Jones, M. (2009). Bilingualism, education and the regulation of access to language resources. In M. Heller (Ed.), Bilingualism: A social approach (pp. 161–182). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• McGroarty, M.E. (2010). Language and ideologies. In N. Hornberger & S.L. McKay (Eds.), Sociolinguistics and language education (pp. 3–39). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de l’Education Nationale (MEN). (2010). Circulaire de préparation de la rentrée 2010 [Circular to prepare the new school year 2010]. Retrieved from http://eduscol.education.fr/cid50896/principes-directeurs.html
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de l’Education Nationale (MEN). (2012). Organisation de la scolarité des élèves allophones nouvellement arrives [Organisation of schooling for newly arrived allophone pupils], circulaire n° 2012-141 du 2-10-2012. Retrieved from http://www.education.gouv.fr/pid25535/bulletin_officiel.html?cid_bo=61536
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de l’Education Nationale (MEN). (2013a). École maternelle, Apprentissage de la langue française [Nursery school, learning the French language]. Retrieved from http://eduscol.education.fr/cid48415/apprentissage-de-la-langue-francaise.html
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de l’Education Nationale (MEN). (2013b). Maîtrise de la langue française [Mastery of the French language]. Retrieved from http://eduscol.education.fr/pid26179/c-maitrise-langue-francaise.html
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de l’Education Nationale (MEN). (2009). Rapport annuel des Inspections générales 2009 [General Inspectors' annual report 2009]. Retrieved from http://eduscol.education.fr/numerique/actualites/veille-education-numerique/archives/septembre-2010/rapport-annuel-des-inspections-generales-2009
   Google Scholar
• Moons, C. (2010). Kindergarten teachers speak: Working with language diversity in the classroom ( Unpublished MA thesis). McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2010). Closing the gap for immigrant students: Policies, practice and performance, OECD reviews of migrant education. Paris: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Pratkanis, A.R., & Greenwald, A.G. (1989). A sociocognitive model of attitude structure and function. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 245–285.
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz, R. (1984). Orientations in language planning. NABE: The Journal for the National Association for Bilingual Education, 8(2), 15–34.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, G.W., & Bernard, H.R. (2000). Data management and analysis methods. In N.K. Denzin & Y.S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 769–802) (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Shohamy, E. (2006). Language policy: Hidden agendas and new approaches. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Silverstein, M. (1998). The uses and utility of ideology: A commentary. In B. Schieffelin, K.A. Woolard, & P.V. Kroskrity (Eds.), Language ideologies: Practice and theory (pp. 123–148). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (2008). Human rights and language policy in education. Language policy and political issues in education. In S. May & N. Hornberger (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Vol. 1 (pp. 107–119). New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thomauske, N. (2011). The relevance of multilingualism for teachers and immigrant parents in early childhood education and care in Germany and in France. Intercultural Education, 22(4), 327–336.
   Google Scholar
• Tollefson, J.W. (2006). Critical theory in language policy. In T. Ricento (Ed.), An introduction to language policy: Theory and method (pp. 42–59). Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Trimaille, C., & Nantes, V. (2013). A l’école, il y a bilinguisme et bilinguisme [At school there is bilingualism and bilingualism]. Glottopol, (21), 98–116.
   Google Scholar
• Tsokalidou, R. (2005). Raising bilingual awareness in Greek primary schools. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 8(1), 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Children's Fund. (2007). Education rights and minorities. Florence: Minority Rights Group International. Retrieved from http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/minorities_rights.pdf
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2011). Enhancing learning of children from diverse language backgrounds: Mother tongue-based bilingual or multilingual education in the early years. Paris: Author. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002122/212270e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Young, A. (2011). La diversité linguistique à l’école: Handicap ou ressource? [Linguistic diversity at school: Handicap or resource?] La formation de tous les enseignants à la diversité [Special issue]. La nouvelle revue de l’adaptation et de la scolarisation, 55, 93–110.
   Google Scholar
• Young, A. (2013). Pour une meilleure prise en compte de la diversité linguistique et culturelle des jeunes enfants: Un exemple de formation d’assistantes de maternelle [Towards inclusion: In-service training for nursery school assistants working with linguistically and culturally diverse young children]. In C. Hélot & M.-N. Rubio (Eds.), Développement du langage et plurilinguisme chez le jeune enfant. Toulouse: Éditions ERES.
   Google Scholar
• Young, A., & Hélot, C. (2003). Language awareness and/or language learning in French primary schools today. Language Awareness, 12(3–4), 234–246.
   Google Scholar